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1.
Jack L. Howard 《Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal》2008,20(1):29-43
Employees can be put in situations where they are required to make decisions on behalf of the organization as part of their
job duties. In these situations, organizations desire that employees make these decisions in the organization’s best interest.
In an attempt to ensure that decisions are made in the best interest of the organization, some organizations implement anti-nepotism
policies and no spouse rules. While the intent is to minimize conflicts of interest among employees, these policies exact
costs to organizations. The present paper examines the costs and benefits of these types of policies, as well as the effects
of family-friendly benefits, on organizations. The examination is further laid out in terms of four examples of how these
policies and rules can be reframed into conflict of interest policies, allowing organizations to fully experience the benefits
of increasing the size of the labor pool by being able to consider spouses and family members as potential applicants, while
minimizing conflicts of interest. Finally, recommendations concerning the use of focused conflict of interest policies are
made.
相似文献
Jack L. HowardEmail: |
2.
Edilberto F. Montemayor 《Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal》2008,20(2):143-149
The literature on employee (moral) rights has been limited to workplace human rights. This essay focuses on Employee Moral
Rights defined as the moral claims individuals are entitled to due to their role as employees. Noting they make significant
(although implicit) financial investments in the firm they work for, this essay argues dedicated employees should be treated
as financial investors, which implies dedicated employees have the moral right to (1) be treated as every other financial
investor; (2) share in the firm’s profits; (3) timely, accurate, and sufficient disclosure of significant information; (4)
protection from senior managers’ abusive self-dealing; and (5) mechanisms to protect their financial investment including
fair severance payments and effective pension protection.
相似文献
Edilberto F. MontemayorEmail: |
3.
It is typically assumed that people engage in entrepreneurship because there are profits to be made. In contrast to this view,
this paper argues that entrepreneurship is more adequately characterized as a non-profit-seeking activity. Evidence from a
broad range of authors and academic fields is discussed showing that entrepreneurship does quite generally not pay in monetary
terms. Being an entrepreneur seems to be rather rewarding because it entails substantial non-monetary benefits, like greater
autonomy, broader skill utilization, and the possibility to pursue one’s own ideas. It is shown how incorporating these non-monetary
benefits into economic models of entrepreneurship can lead to a better understanding of the phenomenon.
相似文献
Matthias BenzEmail: |
4.
Richard W. Hurd 《Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal》2006,18(3):207-214
The 1981 PATCO strike stands out as a symbol of union decline. The penchant to stigmatize PATCO detracts from important aspects of the union’s unorthodox strategy. Preparations for 1981 negotiations were coordinated by rank-and-file activists who referred to themselves as ‘choir boys’. An extensive mobilization network cultivated by the ‘choir boys’ contributed to cohesiveness and in effect democratized PATCO. The union’s effectiveness in building internal solidarity was its most notable accomplishment. Twenty-first-century labor-movement revitalization will require not only strong, creative leadership but also rank-and-file mobilization in the mold of PATCO’s ‘choir boy’ system. It is this type of grassroots activism that has the potential to promote an internal culture of militant action which can serve as the foundation for union growth.
相似文献
Richard W. HurdEmail: Phone: +1-607-2552765 |
5.
The dollars associated with training and development investments for organizations are considerable. Employers are unable
to recoup these expenditures if workers leave the firm before it has had an opportunity to realize the benefits of such training.
To assist businesses in maximizing their return on investments in human capital, it is suggested that training and development
professionals and legal counsel examine the applicability of preemployment agreements to recover their training expenses.
Such cost-sharing agreements—provided they are clear and narrowly written, reasonable, moderate, and serve legitimate business
interests—are permissible contracts that require employees to continue in service for a period of time or reimburse the organization
an agreed-upon sum if they leave before an agreed-upon time.
相似文献
William (Will) T. MawerEmail: |
6.
This paper analyzes self-control problems in intertemporal consumption of a sin good where current consumption imposes a negative
externality on one’s future selves due to the existence of present-biased preferences. We introduce the negative externality
dubbed ‘internality’, which is augmented by the cumulative distribution function of the sum of previous consumption. We show
that the shot-run self with self-control problem over consumes the sin good compared to that of the long-run self without
present-biased preferences. Further, we investigate the effectiveness of self-bargaining with the presence of an external
control devise as possible punishment. The short-run self faces three possible options: do nothing, accept the long-run self’s
offer, or reject the offer. In the latter case an external control devices is implemented. It is shown that successful self-bargaining
depends on the efficiency of the control device.
相似文献
Attiat F. Ott (Corresponding author)Email: |
7.
Dennis Halcoussis Anton D. Lowenberg G. Michael Phillips 《Journal of Economics and Finance》2009,33(3):324-329
Many observers argued that Barack Obama’s candidacy in the U.S. presidential election of 2008 benefited from the financial
crisis and recessionary economic conditions which voters blamed on the Republican administration. However, an empirical examination
of stock price and public opinion data indicates that improvements in Obama’s electoral prospects led stock price declines
and that gains by Obama were more likely to be followed by falling stock prices than by rising prices. This evidence suggests
that the poor performance of the stock market in the days leading up to Obama’s victory was partly caused by, rather than
causing, Obama’s success.
相似文献
G. Michael Phillips (Corresponding author)Email: |
8.
Robert G. Chambers 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》2008,30(2):107-120
Stochastic productivity indicators are defined, and superlative measures of these indicators are derived. It is shown that,
in the presence of complete markets or a common-expectations equilibrium, differences in the market values of firms are superlative
indicators of cross-sectional productivity differences. Exactness results are used to decompose nonstochastic productivity
indicators into a measure of true productivity change and a measure of ‘luck’. The decomposition is illustrated empirically.
相似文献
Robert G. ChambersEmail: |
9.
Deborah Erdos Knapp 《Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal》2008,20(4):227-247
The U.S. military argues that homosexuals are unfit for service because their presence compromises military readiness and
unit cohesion. Based on this assumption, it continues to discharge homosexuals at an average rate of approximately 925 per
year. On the other hand, the extant research suggests that homosexuals are no more disruptive to military life than their
heterosexual counterparts. By integrating the legal and scientific literature, this paper examines the soundness of the military’s
assumptions and aims to improve our understanding of the issues involved. Within this context, the efficacy of the military’s
“Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell, Don’t Pursue” policy and whether it is in the best interest of the military and its soldiers and sailors
is discussed.
相似文献
Deborah Erdos KnappEmail: |
10.
Isabel M. Correia Orlando Petiz 《The International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal》2007,3(2):145-157
This paper aims to assess if geographic proximity from universities enhances small firms’ performance, by means of knowledge
spillovers. A sample of micro data is used on 390 manufacturing firms and 11 public universities in Portugal. Performance
is measured by labour productivity. The estimation was made using OLS as well as Quantile Regression. Results seem to confirm
that both domains of knowledge do produce distinct effects, but there is no evidence that a firm’s performance improves with
the proximity to a university. Likewise, the quality of universities does not seem to influence the labour productivity of
firms.
相似文献
Orlando PetizEmail: |
11.
Thijs ten Raa 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》2008,30(3):191-199
Debreu’s coefficient of resource utilization is freed from individual data requirements. The procedure is shown to be equivalent
to the imposition of Leontief preferences. The rate of growth of the modified Debreu coefficient and the Solow residual are
shown to add up to TFP growth. This decomposition is the neoclassical counterpart to the frontier analytic decomposition of
productivity growth into technical change and efficiency change. The terms can now be broken down by sector as well as by
factor input.
相似文献
Thijs ten RaaEmail: |
12.
Opening the black box: Finding the source of cost inefficiency 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Santiago Carbó Valverde David B. Humphrey Rafael López del Paso 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》2007,27(3):209-220
Parametric and nonparametric procedures are used to identify the apparent source of cost inefficiency in banking. Inefficiencies
of 20–25% from earlier studies are reduced to 1–5% when, in addition to commonly specified cost function influences, variables
reflecting banks’ external business environment and industry indicators of “productivity” are added. These productivity indicators
explain most of the reduction in bank operating cost over 1992–2001 and was 5 times the reduction in the dispersion of inefficiency.
Inefficiency appears stable over time because it is small relative to industry-wide cost changes occurring concurrently and
because technology dispersion is imperfect.
相似文献
David B. HumphreyEmail: |
13.
Sources of profit change for Telstra, Australia’s largest telecommunications firm, are examined. A new method allows for changes, in a firm’s profits to be broken down into separate effects due to productivity change, price changes, and growth in the firm’s size. This in turn allows us to calculate the distribution of the benefits of productivity improvements between consumers, labor, and shareholders. The results show that around half the benefits from Telstra’s productivity improvements from 1984 to 1994 were passed on to consumers in the form of real price reductions.
相似文献
Kevin J. FoxEmail: |
14.
Investment and dynamic DEA 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A dynamic version of data envelopment analysis (DEA) is developed in the present paper. Our model introduces investment in
traditional DEA and imposes intertemporal cost minimization. Adding an intertemporal adjustment constraint into the cost minimization
problem, we derive the relation between the DEA variables of the variable cost function and those of the primary production
frontiers’ coefficients. The augmented DEA model can be solved using standard linear programming. This dynamic framework enables
computing the production frontiers, measuring the productive efficiencies and evaluating the potential economies all in the
presence of adjustment costs.
相似文献
Li YanEmail: |
15.
Hamid Baghestani 《Journal of Economics and Finance》2008,32(1):47-57
This study evaluates the Federal Reserve forecasts of manufacturing capacity utilization employing, as benchmarks, the forecasts
from a univariate model which utilizes past information in capacity utilization, and from a bivariate model which utilizes
past information in both capacity utilization and the federal funds rate. In addition to accurately predicting the directional
change in capacity utilization, the Federal Reserve forecasts are “weakly” rational and generally superior to the bivariate
forecasts. In light of another finding that monetary policy is non-neutral, we argue the Federal Reserve forecasts of capacity
utilization have positively contributed to the Fed’s success in maintaining a low inflationary environment.
相似文献
Hamid BaghestaniEmail: |
16.
Helen LaVan 《Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal》2007,19(1):17-30
This study compares the disciplinary process for police vs. nonpolice public employees. A random sample of 200 cases was drawn
from the 806 public sector discipline cases published in volumes 111–118 of Labor Arbitration Reports. Case characteristics,
classification of conduct unbecoming, proposed discipline, arbitrator behavior, reasons for reversing management’s penalty
other than conduct unbecoming, procedural outcomes and findings were analyzed. The frequency of the finding for the employer
was actually higher for police than for the nonpolice cases. Managerial actions that resulted in reversing the disciplinary
penalty were not as suggested by the literature. Multivariate analyses of the case characteristics led to the conclusion that
police discipline may have been distinctive from nonpolice public employee discipline in the past, but is no longer so distinctive.
相似文献
Helen LaVanEmail: |
17.
Jeffrey P. Cohen 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》2006,26(2):181-190
The effects of court-ordered education finance reform on property values and residential choice have received increasing attention
in recent years (Fischel 2001). However, little attention has been focused on the effects of education finance reform on manufacturing
sector property values within an optimizing framework. This is pursued here by modeling education expenditures and education
finance reform as “free” variables to manufacturing firms in a cost function model together with input demand equations. This
framework is applied to panel data on manufacturers’ capital (building and structures) stocks for the 48 continental US for
1982–1996 to estimate implicit (shadow) values to the manufacturing sector of education spending and school finance reform.
On average, school finance reform lowers the implicit value of manufacturing firms’ stock of buildings and structures capital,
while greater education spending lowers manufacturing variable costs.
相似文献
Jeffrey P. CohenEmail: |
18.
Leonard L. Lundstrum 《Journal of Economics and Finance》2009,33(2):161-175
The relationship between managerial share ownership and the firm’s change in leverage around a security issuance is examined.
We find that entrenched managers are not more likely to issue equity, however they do affect lower leverage by choosing debt
issuances which are smaller and equity issuances that are larger than those chosen by managers that are not entrenched. The
magnitude of the decline in leverage that occurs from before the issuance to after the issuance is positively related to managerial
share ownership. In addition, this relationship is confined to only the “entrenchment” range of managerial share ownership.
The market reacts negatively to an issuance announcement when managerial share ownership is high.
相似文献
Leonard L. LundstrumEmail: |
19.
We examine the determinants of US mutual fund terminations and provide estimates of mutual fund hazard functions. We find
that mutual fund termination correlates with a variety of fund specific variables as well as with market variables such as
the S&P 500 index and the short-term interest rate. We also test the underlying assumptions of the semi-parametric Cox model
and reject proportionality, thus calling to question the use of this model in forming estimates of mutual fund hazard functions.
We find that different fund categories exhibit distinct hazard functions depending on the fund’s investment objectives.
相似文献
Nelson LaceyEmail: |
20.
In this paper, we analyse the nature of the relationship between market power and technical efficiency for producers’ cooperatives.
More specifically we test two hypotheses: first, we evaluate the extent to which increasing market pressure may help producers’
cooperatives to improve technical efficiency to guarantee positive profits; second, we test whether higher technical efficiency
induces producers’ cooperatives to have a larger market share. These hypotheses are tested on a sample of Italian conventional
and cooperative firms for the Wine Production and Processing sector, using both frontier analysis and dynamic panel techniques.
The results support the hypothesis that increasing market pressure can affect positively the cooperatives′ efficiency, while
gains in technical efficiency do not seem to have any impact on the cooperatives’ market share.
相似文献
Vania SenaEmail: |