Atributos relevantes de calidad en el servicio y su influencia hacia la lealtad de marca en la industria aseguradora de automóviles en México

The objective of this study is to identify key quality service attributes in the automobile insurance business and determine their influence on brand loyalty. In this study distinction is made between the service during the hiring of the service and the service provided after an accident. In a preliminary exploratory inquiry quality service attributes were identified with the application of in-depth interviews. In an empirical study, hypothesis related to a direct relationship between the attributes and several measures of brand loyalty are contrasted. A sample of n = 210 of automobile insurance clients was conformed. Five regression models were developed for the data analysis, one for each loyalty measure. These analyses allowed a specific detection of significant attributes for each case. Though it is concluded that attributes related to the service after the accident have a higher degree of influence on the customer loyalty, it is found that a particular attribute during hiring (reputation of the insurance company) also has an important role.     

Medición de la intensidad en el uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en Escandinavia

One characteristic of the processes related to technological innovation in the Scandinavian countries is the high participation level of public and private agents. The objective of this strategy is to assimilate knowledge and to spread it out in the best possible way. Thus, in this article we identify the profile of ICT users; we try to establish how important they are for these countries, their good use of these technologies and how they impact on their communication processes. The results derived from the research prove that: 1) Swedish and Danish homes are a reference when it comes to the utilization of ICTs, 2) Finnish companies lead the way in the adoption of ICTs, followed by Danish and Swedish companies; 3) When it comes to provision and implementation of public services on a technological platform, the leading countries are Denmark, Finland and Sweden; and 4) When it comes to the utilization of ICTs in infrastructures, the EU leadership is headed by Sweden and Denmark, far ahead from the other Member States.     

Reflexiones teóricas en torno a la propuesta de recuperación del poder de compra del salario mínimo en México

Regarding the recent proposal made by the Mexico City Government about the recovery of the purchasing power of the minimum wage, some reflections on the theories of production and distribution are proposed. We first review the seminal paper written by Cobb and Douglas (1928). Some obstacles in measuring the marginal factor products, and a pair of inconsistencies between the theories of production and distribution on the one hand, and some exercises of quantifying “productivities” on the other hand, are presented. Finally, a model of imperfect competition, which displays the dispute over income between economic agents, is included. One conclusion is that income distribution does not follow a simple rule, but a bargaining process based on market power in a historical context that provides inertia and in which institutions play a key role.     

Evaluación del efecto de la psicología del inversionista en un mercado bursátil artificial mediante su grado de eficiencia

The main objective in this paper is developing a cellular automaton model where interact more than one kind of broker, where the use and exchange of information between the investors explain the complexity through the Hurst coefficient estimation, this, represents an efficient or random market when the value is equal to 0.5. Due to the variants proposed in this research it can be determined that should exist a rational component in the simulator in order to generate an efficient behavior.     

La medición del capital intelectual y su impacto en el rendimiento financiero en empresas del sector industrial en México

Currently knowledge is considered an essential resource to contribute to the creation and generation of competitive advantage in organizations. The human factor as an intangible resource of a company has become a main value generator, and even though both knowledge management and intellectual capital are intangibles that can be measured in the financial reports of companies, their position as main value generators is not reflected in financial information. In Mexico, industrial sector companies need to promote the creation of intellectual added value based on its own abilities, which reside on their intellectual capital. The value added intellectual coefficient (VAIC?), with its components, is a tool that contributes to achieving this goal, and helps to identify the positive impact on key factors such as financial profitability, market capitalization and level of share value.     

Análisis del comportamiento estadístico y aproximación fractal en la recaudación del impuesto sobre nóminas y asimilados en el estado de Quintana Roo

This paper analyzes the tax collection from payroll tax on staff and non-staff in the state of Quintana Roo from 2000 to 2010. Its main contribution is to identify the statistical revenue behavior using a fractal approach, establishing iterative patterns at both state and municipal level, for the entire analyzed series of 132 months as well as shorter time periods. It serves as a trigger for application in other locations and charges in order to explore some features of taxation. Two statistical criteria were used to determine normal or abnormal series of municipal tax collection during the study period, namely, the Empirical Rule criteria and parameters using Chebyshev’s theorem. As a contrast, the Jarque-Bera test was applied on residuals, concluding that the fiscal revenue from the state of Quintana Roo (municipal data) does not follow a normal distribution, which is why the fractal approach has been used. The results with data for tax collection by municipalities throughout Quintana Roo show the presence of a fractal behavior (repetitive and cyclic) in revenue, which can be interpreted as the presence of a consolidated tax base, thus justifying the conclusion that there is strength (the observed level of collection) in local public finances. The same conclusion is obtained, with different temporal cuts, when analyzing and detecting the presence of specific fractal revenue behavior observed in municipalities of Benito Juarez (Cozumel) and Othon P. Blanco from 2000 to 2010.     

Anomalías en la autocorrelación de rendimientos y la importancia de los periodos de no transacción en mercados latinoamericanos

This paper aims to determine the evidence of returns autocorrelation for the main Latin American stock markets, and the influence of the day of the week effect on this phenomenon. Also, we analyze the importance of non-trading periods and their incidence on stock markets returns. We determine a high autocorrelation in most of the stock markets analyzed, both in local and global currency and the day-of-the-week effect on only some of the stock markets. Evidence of correlation between trading periods returns and those of non-trading periods is also found.     

Mapas cognitivos difusos para la selección de proyectos de tecnologías de la información

The evaluation and selection of information technology projects is one of the most complex decision-making processes. To achieve alignment between projects and strategy is very important to analyze the goals and processes inside the organization. This paper presents a model for the selection of IT projects, based on the analysis of enterprise architecture. The proposal makes use of causal relations modelling using fuzzy cognitive maps. This approach facilitates the evaluation and selection of a project portfolio in order to achieve the desired future state of enterprise architecture. The model represents an attractive alternative or complement to existing methods in the evaluation of IT initiatives. A case study showing the application of the model to a professional services organization for the transformation of the enterprise architecture is shown.     

Los efectos de largo plazo de la asimetría y persistencia en la predicción de la volatilidad: evidencia para mercados accionarios de América Latina

This article proposes an extension to the CGARCH model in order to capture the characteristics of short-run and long-run asymmetry and persistence, and examine their effects in modeling and forecasting the conditional volatility of the stock markets from the region of Latin America during the period from 2 January 1992 to 31 December 2014. In the sample analysis, the estimation results of the CGARCH-class model family reveal the presence of short-run and long-run significant asymmetric effects and long-run persistency in the structure of stock price return volatility. The empirical results also show that the use of symmetric and asymmetric loss functions and the statistical test of Hansen (2005) are sound alternatives for evaluating the predictive ability of the asymmetric CGARCH models. In addition, the inclusion of long-run asymmetry and long-run persistency in the variance equation improves significantly the out of sample volatility forecasts for emerging stock markets of Argentina and Mexico.     

Avances en la cantidad de la información financiera del sector público en México a raíz de la LGCG

We evaluate the quantity, quality and harmonization of the financial information published by the states, the Federal District and the federal government during the period 2008 to 2012, following the approval of the General Law on Government Accounting (LGCG). First, the requirements identified by the CONAC and subsequently the International Accounting Standards Public Sector 1 (IPSAS) are used to assess the publication of the financial statements. Second, we presente the rate of compliance with the publication of accounts pointing IPSAS 1, 2 and 17. Finally, the harmonization of financial statements is studied by the Herfindahl-Hirschman index to determine whether the financial statements are comparable between them. The results indicate that the public sector has increased the quantity, quality and harmonization of the financial information published.     

La oralidad y la escritura en el proceso de aprendizaje Aplicación del método aprende a escuchar,pensar y escribir

Research design is quasi-experimental, field, with four longitudinal assessments for two groups (one experimental and one control) of students with irregularity student. Intervention, learns listen-think-write (lltw) method. population, 488 students. With a sample conditioned (students with irregular registration) of 170 students from two university careers of accounting and administration, both manner, 24.3 years old. Material, Raven’s Progressive Matrices test and Learning strategies ACRA test. The impact obtained by the intervention (LLTW) was 23%, significant difference between follow-up evaluation 6 and 12 months. Regarding the improvement of learning skills in post-test measurement showed a general increase in average by 28%. Also it is necessary to say, the decline was failed subjects in the two groups evolving 12 months in control group was 3 to 4 and the experimental group was 1 to 2.     

Aprendizaje,innovación y gestión tecnológica en la pequeña empresa: Un estudio de las industrias metalmecánica y de tecnologías de información en Sonora

In the industrial development in Northwestern Mexico stands out the limited capacity of local firms to integrate into the global value chains and there is an emergent participation of the metalworking sector and information technology as suppliers of goods and services for large exporters. Recent local researches analyze the accumulation of technological capabilities, but they have not researched the relationship with technology management strategies. This paper presents the results of an empirical study of micro, small and medium enterprises in such areas, which allows the guessing of a direct correlation between the level of accumulated skills and the level of technology management.     

Estructura de propiedad y su efecto en la política de dividendos en el contexto mexicano

In this paper we focus on analyzing if the ownership structure has any effect on the dividend policy in the Mexican market. The decision to pay dividends is one of the key elements within corporate policy, since that dividend policy has an influence on the company value. Therefore, decisions such as adopting a growth policy of the company through the profits reinvestment or destine these profits to dividends pay, could be influenced by the ownership structure. We base our analysis on three types of ownership structure: families, institutions (mainly banks) and small blocks of shareholders. Our results show that the concentration of ownership in families has a negative influence on the dividends payment, while the presence of institutional shareholders has an inverse effect. This indicates that the presence of large shareholders different to families have a dissimilar effect on dividend policy. Our work contributes to the literature in the context of emerging countries such as Mexico, since much of the existing research has focused primarily in environments such as Europe or the United States, where markets are well regulated with widely distributed property.     

Las incapacidades de aprendizaje organizacional y su relación con los estilos de aprendizaje organizacional en la Mipyme

In this study, we examined 200 micro, small and medium enterprises from Durango City, Mexico, in order to find the possible relationship between learning disabilities and organizational learning styles, and its impact on organizational learning. To achieve this we applied a measuring instrument to the aforementioned companies, it was duly adapted to the context, tested and validated, and the responses were analyzed using a linear regression model, which used the seven learning disabilities as predictors of the four learning styles. We found statistically significant evidence that there is a relationship between learning disabilities and learning styles in the studied enterprises.     

Construcción de un instrumento para medir el clima organizacional en función del modelo de los valores en competencia

The purpose of this study was to explore a model in the Mexican labor field that contextualizes organizational climate and links it with organizational culture. The Competing Values Framework (CVF), by K. S. Cameron & R. E. Quinn, was chosen due to its importance as the framework with more empirical evidence regarding corporate culture. The CVF proposes a four-quadrant structure for organizations: 1) internal focus, flexibility (clan), 2) internal focus, stability and control (hierarchy), 3) external focus, flexibility (adhocracy), and 4) external focus, stability and control (market). Likewise, it states that organizations present a mix of values from all quadrants. Overall, the findings of the study founded the model on a heterogeneous sample of 12 organizations (n = 1424) in the central region of Mexico. In addition to the model, a primer version of an instrument was designed with the intention to measure organizational climate according to the CVF. The instrument proved its capability to discriminate amongst organizations and, in general, its reliability and validity.     

Sobre la alienación subjetiva en la organización del trabajo actual. Una observación participante en el comercio de la alimentación al detal

This paper presents the findings of the first stage of a case study of pleasure and suffering at work, whose fieldwork is one participant observation of a Canadian chain of retail. The purpose is to make available to students of organizational analysis, management and human resources, some definitions are finding from some bibliography resources (theoretical and methodological) from clinical sociology, the psychodynamics of work and sociology of emotions. Is about the dimensions social and technical of the work organization and one form of current subjective alienation. The most important premises that can be shows is that the current organization of work tent to be perceives by the employee like a potential threat and, unknowing, they prefers to protect themselves from the subjective alienation.     

Estudio de la relación entre satisfacción laboral y el desempeño de los trabajadores de las ferias libres

This study analyzes and discloses the relationship between Job Satisfaction and Performance variables of a total population of 264 workers in Chilean Free Fairs. Out of the total population to which this research applies (264 individuals), the sample taken corresponds to 60% of each Fair, which is equivalent to 158 individuals. In order to obtain the objectives we applied a 54-item instrument. The first part collects general information about respondent; the second part collects average information of sales and salary to measure the workers’ productivity and the third part studies job satisfaction. Once performed the analysis of data collected, the results show that the dimensions of job satisfaction, boss relationship satisfaction and recognition satisfaction have a statistically significant relationship with productivity: daily sales/daily working hours. Good management of these can positively contribute to an increased competitiveness of Free Fairs. Another outstanding aspect included in this study is satisfaction with the physical environment, which has a statistically significant relationship between daily and monthly salary, which significantly contributes to the hours spent at work by individuals as well as the wage they perceive.     

Administración del riesgo crediticio al menudeo en México: una mejora econométrica en la selección de variables y cambios en sus características

The early prediction of bad debtors in revolving loans in Mexico is a relevant current issue. The proposed econometric model of behavioral scoring considers the changes in the characteristics of consolidated clients and produces better results than those obtained with methodology used by the CNBV on provisions. The obtained results show the possibility of replacing the current model, minimizing the expected loss and increasing the ROA of Mexican financial institutions in 2.20% complying the methodology and statistical testing criteria according to the Unique Banking Dispositions and the guidelines of Basel II on credit risk.     

Propuesta de un índice para evaluar la gestión del control interno

Derived from its humanitarian mission, to pay quality health care to the population, in hospitals and health facilities is needed reduce the occurrence of events that may threaten the physical and psychological integrity of the patients they serve. One of the strategies to consider to overcome this challenge is the proper implementation of the internal control system, to ensure the sustainability of insurers, by increasing efficiency in the care of people, feasible only within a care model that quantifies and management on population identified and addressed. The objective of this paper was to propose a coefficient to evaluate the internal control management for a hospital entity. This was conceived under the guidelines of the multi-criteria modeling in conjunction with the detection of critical points through Petri nets. For this, the order of importance and fulfillment of the components of Internal Control and in unison the unreliability of critical processes in the entity being identified practical application was determined.     

Evaluación de la conversión a café orgánico usando la metodología de opciones reales

Since the deregulation of the coffee market in 1989, price crises are proof of the uncertainty and risk around coffee growers’ income, particularly for small producers who, in the case of Mexico, have taken action such as the conversion of their traditional crops into the organic production system which, besides the ecological priority, allows them to get a higher income than from conventional coffee. In this document we model as real investment options (RIO) the possibility of conversion from one system into the other one also including the feasibility of abandoning this strategic decision.