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The Review of Austrian Economics - 相似文献
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The Review of Austrian Economics - 相似文献
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The Review of Austrian Economics - This paper explores the intellectual context of the Department of Economics at the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) during the 1930s. We... 相似文献
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Hitoshi Matsushima 《The Japanese Economic Review》1997,48(3):293-306
In this paper, we argue that it is essential to incorporate bounded rationality into game theory. Game theory has been applied to aspects of economics such as industrial organizati on on the basis of the naive interpret ation of game theory, which requires players to be ideally rational in an extremely unrealistic way. We stress the importance of establishing the perceptive interpretation of game theory by taking boundedly rational players' inductive reasoning processes into account. We explain my recent work, Matsushima (1997), which shows that the subjective games perceived by players in the long run are entirely different from the true objective game, and are trivial games in the sense that there exists a strictly dominant and subjectively Pareto-efficient strategy profile among the set of pure strategy profiles.
JEL Classification Numbers: C70, C90, D43, D80 相似文献
JEL Classification Numbers: C70, C90, D43, D80 相似文献
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Erwin Dekker 《The Review of Austrian Economics》2016,29(2):103-119
Recently a number of scholars, including Tony Judt and Corey Robin, have attempted to discredit Austrian economics by emphasizing the (cultural) distance between the context in which the Austrians made their contributions and our current society. This article argues that the cultural and social context is indeed relevant for how we understand the contribution of the Austrians, but that the critics fundamentally misunderstand or misrepresent the Austrian and Habsburg context. It is argued that the relevant context, particularly for the interwar contributions of Mises, Schumpeter, Hayek and Popper is the despair about the breakdown of their civilization, which includes the rise of mass political movements such as socialism and fascism. It is only against this background that we can understand the intent of their work, and the problems which they sought to address. It is further argued, in contrast with earlier work which has tended to emphasize the philosophical and methodological context in which they operated, that this cultural and social context is at least as relevant to understand the meaning of their work. 相似文献
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The proponents of the Austrian school of economics, like economists in general, often take a negative view of incorporating psychological assumptions in the main body of economic theory. Still they regularly make use of such assumptions while applying the theory. The paper argues for a cautious use of the findings of psychology from the very start of economic reasoning. The examples employed to illustrate the argument are from the loan decision process of a banker. 相似文献
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The Austrian School of Economics since WWII has increasingly claimed a unique position within the scientific community of economists. This paper argues that the most persuasive way to make this claim to uniqueness is to focus on the distinction scholars in the Austrian tradition place between information and knowledge in their work. In other words, it is the epistemic-cognitive turn that the Austrian school took in the wake of the socialist calculation debate that separates the school from other branches of neo-classicism within economic science that constitutes its best case for analytical uniqueness. 相似文献
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This paper argues that contrary to Roy Cordato's claim, Ronald Coase's work on the problem of social cost is an important contribution to Austrian economics. Coase identified a criterion that can be used to establish initial legal rights to control actions that have external effects. In other words, he discovered a criterion that, in some cases, can be directly applied to help establish a property system when there is none. The criterion also helps a government adapt, or maintain, a property system in light of continuing changes that are characteristic of the entrepreneur economy. Cordato's anti-state ethical economics, which he used to criticize Coase, is a deviation from the century-old tradition of Austrian economics. Menger, Mises and Hayek saw economics as a body of logical knowledge that is value free. In addition they recognized a role for government in defining legal rights and in maintaining the property system in light of changing conditions. Accordingly, it is wrong to invoke Austrian economics, properly understood, to criticize this aspect of Coase's work. In this paper, I argue that Cordato has followed a deviant and troubling path by trying to construct an Austrian economics based on ethics, that he has failed to understand that a changeable property system is a prerequisite for the market economy, and that he has correspondingly failed to recognize Coase's contribution to the problem of how to maintain the property system in light of continuing change. 相似文献
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Jeffrey M. Herbener 《The Review of Austrian Economics》1991,5(2):33-50
Conclusions The Austrian tradition is identified by an built upon praxeology—the application of deductive reasoning to the irrefutable
fact of human action. This method is the red thread that runs from Menger to B?hm-Bawerk to Mises to Murray Rothbard and the
modern practitioners of Austrian economics. Working within this tradition, economists have produced a great edifice of irrefutable,
universally applicable economic theory. They have shown how the free market advances mankind in its struggle against scarcity
and why socialism cannot do so. They have taught us that we must choose one of these two social arrangements, since no system
exists between them. We must make our selection and advance, by education and persuasion, either capitalism or socialism.
Let us choose wisely. 相似文献
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自2008年美国金融危机发生以来,经济金融化成为国内外学界关注的焦点。文章从政治经济学的角度指出了金融化的本质在于资本积累演变为资本脱离剩余价值的生产与交换而通过金融系统实现增殖的过程,进而通过构建一个包含异质性主体的非对称演化博弈模型,揭示了非金融主体与金融主体之间从普通经济关系到金融关系的动态演变过程及其作用机制。研究表明:(1)经济主体之间的动态关系演变表现为非金融企业主要通过金融活动获取利润,金融企业则关注中间业务和表外业务并将普通家庭纳入其体系使之成为新的利润源泉,而普通家庭则被迫接受强势经济主体的二次分利,这些关系的变化将导致一国经济的金融化乃至金融危机。(2)经济发展状态取决于金融主体与非金融主体之间的相互关系,其中,非金融主体行为起主导性作用。在既定假设下,当非金融主体仅通过其资源保护行为影响金融主体的分利技术时,既可以促使一国经济走向新的稳定状态也可促使其走向崩溃;当非金融主体通过其资源保护行为和分利技术影响金融主体的分利技术时,经济可以实现演化稳定状态。(3)经济主体的金融化行为有三个层面的影响:一是经济主体的金融化行为促进经济主体自身在短期内实现高额资本积累;二是金融主体的分利行为与非金融主体的生产行为经常呈现对立的经济关系并容易被激化;三是没有政府介入的自由市场必然导致矛盾激化而陷入危机。因此,深入理解经济金融化问题的本质及其对经济的影响机制,对当前中国的经济转型和金融改革都具有重要意义。 相似文献
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心智成本理论:一个超越新古典经济学的解释框架 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
行为经济学提出了一种不同于新古典理性人假设的行为模式。行为经济学基于实验和经验的证据虽然解释了许多复杂的人类行为 ,但其结构零散需要进一步的理论提升。论文试图在心智成本范式的框架下把新古典经济学与行为经济学统一起来。 相似文献
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There is a growing interest in various schemes for individualizing instruction in economics, and at least 50 studies have been made of some aspect of this approach. Soper and Thornton report on a study that constitutes a valuable addition to the literature in this subject. Perhaps more important than the results of their experiment, however, is the experimental design they used. Their model is one that should be examined carefully by everyone interested in research in economic education. 相似文献
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Journal of Quantitative Economics - 相似文献
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This article examines two major issues of Austrian economics. The first is the alleged superiority of Austrian over neoclassical economics. The second is the capacity of Austrian economics to support new theoretical research. The analysis shows that Austrian economics has the widest domain of validity for explaining economic phenomena. It is also shown that Austrian economics has a progressive theoretical character due to the fact that there exist a number of analytical phenomena that Austrian economics cannot explain in its present state but that may be explained by means of a leap with continuity from Austrian anthropological presuppositions. 相似文献
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Inductive Game Theory: Discrimination and Prejudices 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
This paper proposes a new theory, which we call inductive game theory . In this theory, the individual player does not have a priori knowledge of the structure of the game that he plays repeatedly. Instead, he accumulates experiences induced by occasional random trials in the repeated play. A stationary state is required to be stable against intentional deviations based on the player's experiences, and then it turns out to be a Nash equilibrium. The main part of the paper is the consideration of possible individual views of the society based on individual experiences. This view is defined to be a model of the society which the player builds from his experiences. Coherency with these experiences and a condition called rationalization are required for a model. As concrete objects of the theory, this paper analyzes the phenomena of discrimination and prejudice. The development of the new theory is undertaken by contrasting its observational and behavioral aspects with mental and judgmental aspects. The relationship between discrimination and prejudice will emerge in this dichotomous consideration. 相似文献
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In the search for new and better ways of teaching economic concepts, instructors are turning to a wide variety of materials and methods. There is a need to evaluate any new technique, not only in broad general terms but in its use with a specific type of college or student. Furthermore, one cannot generalize about such things as games and simulations but should concentrate on evaluating particular pieces of material or approaches, and the effectiveness of those items with particular kinds of students. This article will raise many questions about the adequacy of the research that has been done in this field and will undoubtedly inspire others to employ similar means of testing and evaluating new materials and methods. Other educational researchers might be especially interested in the authors' use of factor analysis. 相似文献
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I consider whether entrepreneurship is a distinct category within economic theory. More generally, I consider the links between discussions of entrepreneurship and philosophic debates over the nature of the aesthetic. For instance, Kant's attempt to elevate the category of the aesthetic has much in common with Kirzner's attempt to elevate the concept of the entrepreneur. Shackle's theory of choice refers very directly to the notion of the aesthetic. Theories of the aesthetic and theories of the entrepreneur have common strengths and weaknesses. 相似文献