我国企业跨国市场进入方式的选择战略

本文首先比较了不同跨国市场进入方式的优缺点,分析了并购与新建、独资与合资的各国选择经验和选择影响因素,最后指出我国对外直接投资的跨国市场进入方式选择:从投资动机看,对发达国家技术和管理经验寻求型直接投资的进入方式应以并购、合资为主,从东道国的外资政策看,我国的产业转移型对外直接投资的主要目标是发展中国家,进入方式应以新建、合资为主,从投资规模角度看,我国自然资源寻求型对外直接投资的进入方式应以合资为主。     

我国企业跨国并购的影响因素与进入模式选择

跨国并购和新设投资是对外直接投资的两种股权进入模式,我国企业通过跨国并购实现的对外直接投资逐步增长,并迎来了通过跨国并购进行全球布局的较佳时期。本文分析了我国企业跨国并购和新设投资两种进入模式选择的宏观、产业和微观三类影响因素,指出我国企业跨国并购存在的主要问题,并提出了我国企业跨国并购进入模式选择的建议。     

我国企业对外直接投资的区位选择

我国理论界关于是否应该将发达国家作为我国企业对外直接投资的重点目标问题上产生的不同意见,在相当程度上反映了我国对外直接投资区位选择所面临的对外直接投资动因与能力的矛盾。实证检验证实我国企业目前的对外直接投资区位还是以与我国经贸关系密切、市场规模相对狭小的国家和地区为主。但从长远看,发达国家和地区应成为我国企业对外直接投资区位选择的重点目标。     

我国企业对外贸易中的吸收效益分析

在开放经济条件下,对外直接投资是国际贸易扩散的重要渠道。近年来,国外学者研究证实了双向外溢效应的存在,这就为贸易劣势跨国企业向贸易发达国家(地区)的直接投资行为提供了很好的解释。我国贸易获取型对外直接投资规模也在不断扩大,但在进行对外投资的过程中,我国企业应该注意提高自身吸收能力等一系列问题。积极利用贸易寻求型对外直接投资进行贸易学习和逆向贸易转移,是发展中国家跨国企业在经济全球化形势下的一种适宜选择。     

中国企业ODI在欧洲的发展现状研究

中国对外直接投资(ODI)的规模和结构不断优化,现选择长期以来与中国有着良好经贸关系往来的主要欧洲国家为研究对象,分析中国企业的对外直接投资在该区域的发展现状、行业及地区分布、投资结构及影响因素等,为中国企业走出去的目的地选择、投资领域以及经营范围等提供参考和借鉴.     

我国企业对外直接投资模式的回顾与战略选择

对外直接投资模式可以按照是否涉及股权分为两类:一类是股权安排下的进入模式;另一类是非股权安排下的对外直接投资模式本文在回顾我国企业对外直接投资模式选择的基础上,结合企业自身特征提出了不同的对外直接投资模式选择战略.     

中国服务企业对外直接投资活动分析

虽然中国服务企业对外直接投资起步较晚,但从2009年开始呈现加速态势.在进入模式选择上,中国服务企业对外直接投资主要采取新建模式;在区域布局上,中国服务企业以香港为中介和重要跳板走向世界其他国家和地区.同时,中国服务企业进入境外呈现明显的区域化特征,中国服务企业主要进入与我国地理相邻、文化相近的港澳台、东盟、日韩地区以及服务市场较大的北美、西欧地区.     

工业机器人应用与中国企业对外直接投资

本文使用2009—2019年国际机器人联合会公布的工业机器人数据和中国制造业上市公司的微观数据，从投资决策和投资强度两个方面考察了工业机器人应用对中国企业对外直接投资的影响。研究结果表明：工业机器人应用整体上促进了中国企业的对外直接投资，并主要促进了中国企业对高收入国家(地区)的投资概率和投资强度；机制检验结果显示，工业机器人应用能够通过规模经济效应和创新激励效应两条渠道促进中国企业投资于高收入国家(地区);异质性分析显示，工业机器人应用对中国企业投资于高收入国家(地区)的促进作用主要集中在非国有企业、沿海地区企业、低外部融资依赖度企业和技术密集型企业；基于投资动机的研究显示，工业机器人应用能够显著促进中国企业在高收入国家(地区)开展商贸服务型及研究开发型对外直接投资，而对当地生产型对外直接投资未产生显著影响。本文研究肯定了工业机器人应用对中国扩大对外开放的积极作用，对促进智能制造高质量发展及推动企业更好地“走出去”具有重要启示。     

关于中国企业对外直接投资方式选择的思考

并购、新建、独资和合资是当今主要的对外直接投资方式。中国跨国企业在制定对外直接投资战略时,应该结合企业的内部和外部因素,权衡各种主要进入方式的优劣利弊,选择正确的投资方式。     

我国对外直接投资产业选择研究

对外直接投资是指我国国内投资者以现金、实物、无形资产等方式在国外及港澳台地区设立、购买国(境)外企业,拥有该企业10%或以上的股权,并以控制企业的经营管理权为核心的经济活动(商务部《对外直接投资统计制度》对对外直接投资的定义)。它分为非金融类对外直接投资和金融类对外直接投资。本文从经济全球化趋势和对外直接投资的关系着手,简要介绍了对外直接投资产业选择的相关理论和日、美对外直接投资产业选择现状,深刻分析了我国对外直接投资的必要性和可行性分析,并在详细分析我国对外直接投资现状和对外直接投资产业选择现状的基础上,提出了我国对外直接投资产业选择基准及战略。     

The Emerging Securities Market in Russia

Abstract

This paper examines the motivations of foreign firms for investing in the Eastern and Central European countries, based on a synthesis of surveys of investors and on anecdotal observations. The findings of this examination are used as a framework within which policies towards FDI are formulated and evaluated. It suggests that the efforts of Eastern and Central European governments should be directed towards the improvement of the conditions which affect investment driven by market, export and efficiency seeking motivations. These are the areas in which the region seems to have large potential as host for FDI that has not fully materialized yet.     

投资结构、对外开放与劳动力流动影响二元经济结构的实证研究

在一个引入FDI的二元经济模型中可以证明,二元经济结构的变动是由包含FDI在内的投资结构、劳动力流动和两大部门的技术差距所造成的,因此,在现有技术水平上,只要优化投资结构和合理引导劳动力流动,就可以改善二元经济结构。这可以为基于中国数据的面板协整检验所证实,且其效应具有显著的区域差异特征;同时,实证检验结果还显示,固定资产投资、FDI和劳动力流动均会改善二元经济结构,而对外贸易则会发挥相反的作用。就区域差异来看,变量调整会恶化发达省份的二元经济结构,而改善发展中省份的二元经济结构,这为在区域间和城乡间优化投资结构提供了实证支持。     

FDI entry mode choice of Chinese firms: A strategic behavior perspective

This study investigates the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) entry mode choice between a wholly owned subsidiary and a joint venture by Chinese firms that invest overseas. We argue that the FDI entry mode choice of a Chinese firm is primarily influenced by the variables related to the firm's strategic fit in host industry and its strategic intent of conducting FDI. Using survey data of a sample of 138 Chinese firms, the results suggest that a Chinese firm prefers wholly owned subsidiary entry mode when it adopts a global strategy, faces severe host industry competition, and emphasizes assets seeking purposes in its FDI. A joint venture is preferred when the firm is investing in a high growth host market.     

Regional determinants of inward FDI distribution in Poland

In this paper we examine the location determinants of the inflow of foreign direct investment (FDI) into Poland, at a regional level. Using survey data from an on-line questionnaire in February 2005 and a multinomial logit model incorporating the investor's specific characteristics, we show that knowledge-seeking factors alongside market and agglomeration factors, act as the main drivers for the inflow of FDI to the Mazowieckie region (including Warsaw), while efficiency and geographical factors encourage FDI to the other areas of Poland. Some implications are drawn for FDI attraction policy in Poland.     

FDI是打破西部地区制度瓶颈的突破口

制度瓶颈是阻碍西部经济发展的主要因素。FDI (外商直接投资 )的进入有助于促进体制改革、转变企业经营方式 ,带动民营经济发展 ,影响居民思想观念、促进技术进步、扩大市场规模 ,从而对地区制度变迁产生强大的推动力。西部地区应加快制度创新 ,改善投资环境 ,积极吸引FDI (外商直接投资 ) ,以此来促进西部制度变迁 ,使西部经济发展摆脱制度瓶颈的束缚。     

论内向型FDI与国际贸易的关系——中国作为东道国的面板数据分析

本文运用固定影响变截距模型,采用1992-2004年我国作为东道国,香港特区、韩国、日本、美国、我国台湾地区、新加坡和德国等七个对中国直接投资最多的国家或地区的面板数据,对我国内向型FDI与国际贸易的关系进行了实证研究。研究结果表明,我国的内向型FDI与国际贸易之间具有显著的互补性,而且内向型FDI对我国的出口具有正的滞后效应。     

国际直接投资特点的历史研究

国际直接投资(FDI)发生于殖民地时代,表现为殖民宗主国对殖民地国的单向商业资本输出。发展于资本主义工业革命时期,表现为资本主义工业国对发展中国家的产业资本输出。壮大于二战后的美国经济强大和欧洲经济复苏时期,表现为美国由战前的最大债务国转变为国际直接投资最大资本来源国。多元化于20世纪80年代后,表现为世界更多的国家和地区加入国际直接投资活动,美国在世界国际直接投资中的地位下降。文章对国际直接投资的发生、发展阶段特征和不同国家、经济体对外直接投资的特点进行了比较分析。     

State policies and the challenges in attracting foreign direct investment: A review of the Ghana experience

Foreign direct investment (FDI) to low‐income countries has not only received much publicity in the past two decades due to its economic importance, but its overall flow to these countries has also significantly increased in both relative and absolute terms. However, only a few sub‐Saharan African countries have been successful in attracting significant FDI flows. This article examines Ghana's experience in attracting FDI. Thus, the main thrust of this article is threefold. First, it evaluates the main economic policy adopted by the government from 1981 to 2002 to reverse the post‐independence economic decline. Second, it examines how the policies facilitated the attraction of FDI inflows to Ghana. Finally, it reviews some of the problems that impede the attraction of value‐added FDI inflows to Ghana. Qualitative analysis of available evidence reveals that the implementation of the Structural Adjustment Program (SAP), the main economic reform policy, has led to an increase in the number of multinationals investing in Ghana. This article argues that Ghana's SAP has had some degree of success in many areas, including the lowering of inflation; promotion of an environment of financial stability; elimination of the licensing requirement; the opening of previously closed sectors; removal of tariff barriers that prohibit FDI inflows; abolishing exchange controls; and reducing opportunities for the foreign exchange black market. In spite of the developments, there are still serious challenges that hamper the attraction of FDI inflows into the country. This article contends that there is the need for urgent action to tackle these challenges. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Should I invest with my conscience?

This paper discusses the idea that investors have moral reasons to avoid investing in certain business areas based on their own moral views towards these areas. Some have referred to this as 'conscience investing', and it is a central part of the conception of ethical investing within the socially responsible investment (SRI) movement. The paper presents what is taken to be the main arguments for this kind of investing as they are given by those who have defended it, and discusses the plausibility of these arguments from the point of view of moral philosophy. The paper argues that focusing on the moral views of individual investors is not very fruitful – there are strong reasons to think that investors do not have moral reasons to invest 'with their consciences', or, to the extent that such reasons are allowed, that they are very weak compared with other sorts of moral reasons pertaining to ethical investing.