Two state capital accumulation with heterogenous products: Disruptive vs. non-disruptive goods

The paper considers the problem of a firm that, while producing a standard product, has the option to introduce an innovative product. The innovative product competes with the standard product and will therefore reduce revenues of the standard product. A distinction is made between innovative products that do or do not become even more relatively appealing as their market share grows (e.g., because of network externalities). It is shown that in the former case, which we call a “disruptive” good, history dependent long run equilibria can occur, which are in line with recent real life economic examples.     

Why are some family firms not innovative?: Innovation Barriers and Path Dependence in Family Firms

Although scholars have recognized the importance of innovation in family firms, the literature on family firm innovation tends to generally depict family firms as either ‘good’ or ‘bad’ for innovation, or focus on the factors with the potential to positively stimulate family firm innovation. Drawing on path dependence theory, this study focuses specifically on what family-specific barriers work against innovation in family firms. To that end, we follow a qualitative theory-building approach due to the limited amount of extant theory, and study a sample of four family businesses headquartered in Spain and Uruguay. The related propositions and theoretical contributions emerging from our study are shared in the concluding section.     

Optimal pricing of a conspicuous product during a recession that freezes capital markets

This paper considers the problem of how to price a conspicuous product when the economy is in a recession that disrupts capital markets. A conspicuous product in this context is a luxury good for which demand is increasing in brand image. Brand image here means the ability of a consumer to impress observers by conspicuously displaying consumption of the good. Brand image is built up when the good is priced high enough to make it exclusive, and eroded if the good is discounted.Recession is modeled as having two effects: it reduces demand and it freezes capital markets so borrowing is not possible. In pricing the conspicuous product the firm faces the following trade-off. Reducing price helps maintain sales volume and cash flow in the face of reduced demand, but it also damages brand image and thus long-term demand.The paper analyzes the firm's pricing policy facing scenarios of mild, intermediate and severe recessions, while taking the threat of bankruptcy into account. For an intermediate recession the optimal solution is history-dependent. The results have implications for policy interventions in capital markets and for timing of mergers and acquisitions.     

人事任用问题的不完全信息信号博奕

人事任用问题是一个社会非常重要而基本的问题。一般由于信息的不对称,人事部门很难完全了解被任用人的素质,从而做出合适的人事安排。本文采用博奕论和信息经济学的基本原理对此进行了分析,分析表明:人事任用问题实际上是一个不完全信息动态信号博奕过程,人事部门只要设计出具有足够信息量的信号,在博奕过程中产生分离均衡。这样,就可以通过被任用人发出的信号识别出其类型,从而做出适当的人事安排,最终达到人才资源的最优配置。     

Learning competitive pricing strategies by multi-agent reinforcement learning

In electronic marketplaces automated and dynamic pricing is becoming increasingly popular. Agents that perform this task can improve themselves by learning from past observations, possibly using reinforcement learning techniques. Co-learning of several adaptive agents against each other may lead to unforeseen results and increasingly dynamic behavior of the market. In this article we shed some light on price developments arising from a simple price adaptation strategy. Furthermore, we examine several adaptive pricing strategies and their learning behavior in a co-learning scenario with different levels of competition. Q-learning manages to learn best-reply strategies well, but is expensive to train.     

Export strategy: : a dynamic capabilities perspective

It is argued here that traditional export strategy research (encompassing the study of internationalization processes and export performance) is characterized by weak theoretical foundations and could benefit from a reorientation towards a dynamic capabilities perspective (DCP). We seek to draw on insights from DCP in order to devise a theoretical basis that could enrich export strategy research. Although our development of DCP insights builds on previous work, it also adds a crucial distinction between knowledge stocks and informational architecture. Changes in architecture are of greater importance. Following this elaboration of the dynamic capabilities perspective, we outline some implications and guidelines for future export strategy research.     

国家创新能力视角下的中等收入转型——基于新结构经济学理论

本文基于新结构经济学,采用1975—1995年48个经济体专利引用数据,构建国家创新能力指标,使用面板门槛模型,考察国家创新能力对经济增长的影响。研究结果表明,国家创新能力对经济增长的影响存在显著的门槛效应,其依赖于经济体所处的收入阶段和要素禀赋结构。从收入阶段来看,国家创新能力有助于促进中上等和高收入经济体的经济增长;从国家创新能力不同维度来看,专利数量和质量均有利于促进经济增长,但专利集中度、技术周期、知识传播度、自主创新度对中等收入内部不同阶段经济体的作用不同。研究结论从经验上支持了新结构经济学最优创新结构理论,且为中等收入经济体实施创新驱动战略提供了理论支撑。     

经济学与财务管理理论的发展

财务经济学是应用微观经济学的分支,侧重于应用和微观是它的两大特点。财务经济学理论通常被认为是现代企业财务管理的基础理论,经济学基础决定着现代企业财务管理理论的产生和发展。     

Econometric modelling in finance and risk management: An overview

This paper gives an overview about the sixteen papers included in this special issue. The papers in this special issue cover a wide range of topics. Such topics include discussing a class of tests for correlation, estimation of realized volatility, modeling time series and continuous-time models with long-range dependence, estimation and specification testing of time series models, estimation in a factor model with high-dimensional problems, finite-sample examination of quasi-maximum likelihood estimation in an autoregressive conditional duration model, and estimation in a dynamic additive quantile model.     

经济学说的演进与会计科学理论的发展

经济学是会计学的基础,在会计理论发展的道路上,经济学扮演着非常重要的角色。会计的基本理论与方法密切依存于不断演进中的经济理论,经济学理论和方法的创新必然会对会计学的发展产生深远的影响。     

重构流通经济学:基于商务经济学的视角

流通经济学研究的贫困问题不容忽视。主要原因在于学科的基本概念模糊、学科定位不准、没有一个科学的研究范式。但是,流通经济学贫困不能否定流通经济学科的存在。构建商务经济学是解决流通经济学贫困的出路,因为它拓宽了流通经济学的研究领域和研究空间,使得流通、贸易、商业等术语使用混乱的状况得到改善。商务经济学可以加速内外贸学科一体化,突出电子商务的作用。     

有限理性论

有限理性的概念是由西蒙教授引入经济学的,是指经济主体通过其实际行为表现出来的理性。现有的一些有限理性理论在一定范围内获得了实验研究结果的支持。通过对有限理性理论最新发展成果的介绍,重点阐述了注意力对概率判断的影响和经济主体做选择的主要方式等几个核心问题。     

中国经济改革是在什么经济学指导下取得巨大成就的？——纪念中国改革开放40周年

马克思主义政治经济学没有过时,因为其中所包含科学的商品经济基本原理和资本主义市场经济理论,依然是关于资本主义生产方式和资本主义市场经济的科学理论,而关于社会主义和共产主义的基本原理同样也没有过时。中国经济改革是参考借鉴而不是以西方经济学为指导,因为参考借鉴不等于指导,中国经济改革和发展中遇到的许多问题在西方经济学中找不到答案,以西方经济学为指导可能使中国经济改革和发展误入歧途。实践证明,中国经济改革是在中国特色社会主义政治经济学指导下取得巨大成就的,而且全面深化改革更需要中国特色社会主义政治经济学指导。