中国国有企业制度变迁:特点及经验总结

本文从制度变迁的视角看待我国国有企业改革，分析改革的特点并进行经验总结。国企制度变迁过程具有诱致性因素和强制性因素交互作用，但强制性因素起主导作用的特点。国有企业改革的过程，也是一个经营者与政府反复博弈的过程。国有企业逐渐成为市场主体，最终实现同市场经济体制的契合是改革所坚持的目标；政府的明智抉择是民间的改革创举得以推行的决定性因素；正确对待国有资产流失问题是国有企业改革顺利推进的必要条件。     

国有企业"期股"制度

国有企业推行“期股”制度，有利于进一步推动和深化国有企业产权制度改革，科学合理组织国有资本逐年有序退出，强化对经营者及经营管理层的激励和约束机制，有利于加快经营者及经营管理层持大股的步伐，推动企业实行投资主体多元化战略目标的实施，本文就国有企业“期股”制度，加以简单论述。     

浅谈国企改革与企业管理制度的建立

股份制是中国改革开放之后,针对国有企业存在的各种制度缺陷,在借鉴国外经验的基础上推行的一套改革办法.国有企业改革从高端管理层上应该取消高层管理人员的任免委派制度;从基础职工层上应该注重对人才的培养;国有企业应该广泛开展ISO管理体系认证.     

从MBO实务探讨我国国有企业实行MBO的可操作性

中国国有企业在经历了简政放权到现代企业制度各阶段的改革以后,始终无法回避的就是产权问题。在国有股减持风波之后,兴起于20世纪70年代美国的管理层收购(MBO)走入了中国改革家们的视线。究竟在国有企业"国退民进"的过程中,中国式的MBO该如何走,能走多远?本文试从MBO具体的操作实务来探讨我国国有企业实行MBO的现实可操作性,并结合四川剑南春集团MBO的实例分析我国国有企业MBO定价偏低的弊病,展望MBO在中国发展的趋势。     

试论我国国企改革中的管理层收购制度

管理层收购制度是我国国有企业改革的几种有效方式之一,是我国目前经济转型的得力工具。这种源于西方的制度于90年代进入我国,在我国实践的几年中,由于发展条件还不够成熟,产生了一系列大大小小的问题。因此,以管理层收购制度的概念、发展历史为切入点,对管理层收购制度在我国遭遇的窘况和优势进行了深刻分析,并对如何克服该制度的缺陷提出了建议。     

试论我国国企改革中的管理层收购制度

管理层收购制度是我国国有企业改革的几种有效方式之一,是我国目前经济转型的得力工具.这种源于西方的制度于90年代进入我国,在我国实践的几年中,由于发展条件还不够成熟,产生了一系列大大小小的问题.因此,以管理层收购制度的概念、发展历史为切入点,对管理层收购制度在我国遭遇的窘况和优势进行了深刻分析,并对如何克服该制度的缺陷提出了建议.     

议信托机制对我国国有企业管理层收购的适用性

管理层收购(Management Buy-Outs)是我国国有企业改制的一种重要方式,自20世纪末在我国正式出现以来发展迅速。随着实践的进行,我国关于国有企业管理层收购的相关规章在这期间经历了从无到有、从制定规章进行规范到选择性限制的过程。在这过程中。信托机制因其对于解决在法律框架下,国有企业管理层收购的收购主体、融资渠道等方面的问题,而一度被广泛使用。但随之而来的是信托机制在管理层收购应用中暴露出的种种问题,使得我国相关法规也迅速的作出了调整。本文从我国国有企业管理层收购制度的发展变革入手,分析了信托机制在管理层收购中,主体资格的合法性、定价机制、融资渠道三方面的适用性,最后对信托机制如何更好的适用于管理层收购给出了建议。     

以企业制度变革推进国有企业改革——关于河南洛阳轴承集团有限公司的实例分析

国有企业特别是特大型国有企业的改革与发展,对于我国经济体制改革和国民经济的发展,一直具有举足轻重的地位。推动和操作国有企业改革的过程,涉及到方方面面,是一个非常复杂的系统工程。本文试图通过对洛阳轴承集团有限公司改革进程的简要分析,来认识企业制度变革对推进国有企业改革的重大作用。     

信息不对称、股份制改革和股票市场效率

近年来，随着承包制弊端的不断暴露，股份制逐渐成为国有企业改革的方向。政府试图通过股份制改革来转换国有企业经营机制，增强国有企业活力，提高国有资本营遥效率，实现国有资本保值增值的目的。但是，股份制改革能否实现预期目的，关键在于能否形成所有对企业的经营管理与绩效进行有效监督和控制的一整套制度安排。遗憾的是，这一制度安排在我国远未形成。这主要是由于我国股票市场效率低下，     

振兴东北民营经济的政策分析

近年来,东北地区的经济发展偏慢,这与东北地区比重过大的国有企业改革不到位,竞争力不强直接相关.振兴东北老工业基地,就要先振兴民营经济,使市场竞争机制的作用充分发挥,从而全面提高企业的经济效益.为此,政府应构建和发挥这样一些政策机制的作用:     

Penetration and Post-infection Development of Meloidogyne Incognita on Tobacco as Treated by Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas Fluorescens Strain P-72-10

The bio-control potential of rhizospere bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens against plant-parasite nematode had been demonstrated. P. fluorescens had shown the effect to enhance tobacco resistance to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Inoculation with P. fluoreseens in tobacco could lead to significant reductions in the number of juveniles that penetrated tobacco root and further life stage development of the juveniles. The number of juveniles penetrated into tobac- co root in treatment with P. fluorescens is significantly different from CK at 2DAI, 6DAI, 8DAI and 10DAI. Significant reduction and delayed development of juveniles that penetrated into tobacco root and treated were observed in treatment at 14DAI, 21DAI, 28DAI and 35DAI. In addition, P. fluoreseens treatment leads to a significant reduction in the number of eggs per egg-mass at 35 DAI. The results show P. fluorescens induced a continuously suppression on root-knot nema- tode M. incognita throughout their entire early infection phase of root penetration, subsequent life stage development and reproduction.     

利用膜技术回收利用碱性废水研究进展

回顾了利用膜分离技术处理碱性废水的工艺与综合利用技术所取得的丰硕成果，总结了各种治理方法的特点、适用性及发展方向。     

Taxing Times in Indonesia: The Challenge of Restoring Competitiveness and the Search for Fiscal Space

Indonesia’s economic growth picked up slightly in mid-2016 but remains below the level demanded by government and popular aspirations. Despite a plethora of reforms intended to increase efficiency and productivity, some policies are perverse and longstanding problems of implementation remain. The share of manufacturing has declined, the real exchange rate has appreciated, exports have dwindled, and growth has been trending downwards. The banking sector is stable but inefficient, with wide net interest margins and numerous barriers to competition. Trade protection, particularly in basic food commodities, has created high costs that weigh particularly heavily on the poor. Declining government revenues have placed increasing pressure on the public budget, even as the current administration aims to increase spending on infrastructure and welfare and to enhance productivity. In an effort to increase revenues, the government has announced a tax amnesty program and other measures. In addition, Sri Mulyani Indrawati, the new finance minister, has taken steps to cut non-essential expenditure in order to secure high spending on infrastructure and at the same time keep within the 3% budget deficit limit stipulated by law. Although the overall debt situation is not yet alarming, declining revenues and budget cuts that do not fully reflect this decline are putting pressure on increasing debt levels. The government’s high-profile tax amnesty program was the major policy initiative implemented in the second half of 2016 that aimed to relieve this pressure. Despite widespread criticism of, and scepticism about, the tax amnesty (both within and outside Indonesia), its first phase had a much higher participation rate than most independent accounts expected. Revenues raised so far through the amnesty are less than 60% of the official target, but this is actually a strong result for the short term. The bigger question, however, is whether the amnesty is a key element of a more encompassing strategy to overhaul the system of taxation and tax administration.     

The causes of Japan's ‘lost decade’: The role of household consumption

In this paper, I analyze the causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and find that the stagnation of investment, especially private fixed investment, was the primary culprit. I then investigate the causes of the stagnation of household consumption during the 1990s and find that the stagnation of household disposable income, the decline in household wealth, and increased uncertainty about the future are among the contributing factors. Finally, I consider whether demand side factors or supply side factors were more important as causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and conclude that the former (especially misguided government policies) were probably more important.     

我国发展天文旅游的条件、前景探析及策略思考

天文旅游资源从成因可以分为行星地球天文旅游资源、天体天文旅游资源和天文文化旅游资源三类。天文旅游方兴未艾,我国天文旅游具有很大发展前景。文章对我国开展天文旅游的条件进行了分析,对发展天文旅游的策略和措施进行了梳理。     

城市社会的开放与农民的城市化

城市社会在对农民的开放与封闭之中徘徊。改革开放后城市社会对农民的开放已经使很多农民城市化。城市社会对农民的封闭已由政策性封闭转向经济性封闭。城市社会对农民的封闭增加了农民城市化的成本和社会风险。必须加强城市社会对农民的开放,逐步消除对农民的封闭政策,以推进农民的城市化。     

信息化时代商学院图书馆的建设与发展——中、美四大名校商学院图书馆建设的比较与启示

信息化时代中美商学院图书馆的建设与发展,成为当今时代高等商学教育发展与进步的一个重要环节,对中美四大商学院图书馆的发展状况、差距进行分析比较,对促进我国商学院图书馆事业的改革、建设和发展具有一定的启示作用和参考价值。