Review and Application of Knowledge Management and Knowledge Sharing in Tourism

Knowledge and its management are generally recognised as a strategic asset that provides organisations with a competitive edge. Prior research demonstrates that knowledge sharing (KS) is crucial because it helps organisations promote best practice, facilitate knowledge creation and enhance effectiveness. Although there is a growing realisation that KS is critical to knowledge creation and organisational performance, this is still an emerging area of inquiry whose key variables, relationships and implications for tourism organisations are not yet clear. In this paper, key concepts of knowledge, organisational knowledge, knowledge management (KM) and KS are reviewed. This paper would be of interest to readers who would like to understand more about how KM and KS can be applied to tourism.     

PPT年度回顾的启示——政府职能、供应链与营销

基于国内PPT(Pro-Poor Tourism,有利于贫困人口的旅游)研究的缺乏,本文结合PPT年度回顾中的相关案例和研究成果,探讨了我国旅游扶贫在政府职能、供应链和营销三个方面应当采取的措施和发展方向.指出政府应该在法规建设、制定政策、建立旅游扶贫专项基金和制度设计方面发挥重要作用;在具体操作层面上要注重对旅游供应链的重构和研究,强化私营企业的营销主体地位,以及选择有针对性的营销渠道.     

邮轮收益管理的舱位分配：基于EMSR-a和EMSR-b的比较分析

邮轮业被称为“漂浮在黄金水道上的黄金产业”,近几年达到8％左右的增长速度,成为现代旅游业中发展最迅速的行业。与航空和酒店业一样,邮轮业具有收益管理的所有行业特征,可以看作是典型的收益管理行业。文章基于北美邮轮市场的实际数据,对邮轮收益管理的需求分布特征和存量分配问题进行了研究。首先,以邮轮公司特定航线的需求数据为基础,将实际数据与多种概论分布进行比较,来挖掘邮轮舱位水平上总需求的分布规律。研究表明,正态分布和伽玛分布能较好地拟合邮轮舱位总需求的分布特征。其次,以正态分布为例,基于EMSR—a和EMSR—b两种舱位分配算法,以某次航行的实际数据为基准需求,对高总需求和低总需求下分别考虑（1）高价格舱位高需求和（2）低价格舱位高需求的4种需求状况进行了模拟,并对两种存量分配方法的分配效果进行了比较。结果表明,两种方法分配效果的优劣取决于实际的需求状况。