多媒体课件制作与应用中的不足及对策

现代化校园网的建成为全面深入推行素质教育提供了最优化环境。但是,现阶段的网络和多媒体教学还处在一个相当初级的水平,存在着诸多亟待改进之处。该文列举了多媒体课件制作及课堂实际应用过程中几个具有代表性的问题,并探讨其解决方案。     

VONNA(HBP)

ABSTRACT

In this paper, a new learning package, VONNA(HBP), which provides an interactive and online environment for novices to study and practice hotel budget planning, is introduced. Its design philosophy will be discussed thoughtfully with special focus on how to make use of the multimedia and Internet. According to literatures, learning packages are faced to be more effective in delivering teaching material. Researchers indicate that students using a self-paced learning package score higher than in a traditional classroom setting. Moreover, the learning package provides different scenarios for students to explore themselves in a practical environment and is more cost effective and systematic than lectures. Currently, most learning packages in hotel education are not implemented using multimedia with Internet access. Our paper describes a new learning package that fills the gaps.

VONNA(HBP) requires participants to investigate operational budgets on various areas such as sales levels, payroll, inventory level, promotion strategies, and facilities planning, etc. Eventually, the students/novices are required to practice their skills in a comprehensive case about a hypothetical hotel. They need to solve managerial problems by a combination of budgetary planning on human resources, staff training programmes, facilities' maintenance and replacement, or promotion schemes. Analytical tools are available for students/novices to judge an appropriate decision in handling constrained resources.     

Studies in Tourism and Hospitality Management

Abstract

Universities around the world are involved in dynamic change as they seek creative solutions in response to a number of educational and structural issues. To be effective, educational methodologies and technologies need to be anchored to the diverse material circumstances characterising different groups of learners. The challenge for universities offering programs of study in tourism and hospitality management is to provide avenues for learning which are reflective of the needs of industry and incorporate the technology now available. One of the more significant responses has centred on the development of educational programs for flexible learning.

This paper is an analytical reflection on the experience of redesigning and developing programs in tourism and hospitality to increase student access to a wide variety of stimulating learning resources and delivery media. In particular, it documents the process of developing, teaching and evaluating a subject entitled, “Asian Cultures in Tourism and Travel” within a three-year Bachelor of Business program that offers concentrations in Tourism, Travel, Hospitality and Leisure Management.     

上海苏州河沿岸文化景观带功能开发设计

本文结合苏州河沿岩文化景观带的功能潜力和上海城市功能定位提出了苏州河沿岸文化景观带功能开发的总体目标和规划原则，并对分段开发 进行具体策划与设计。     

对概念性旅游规划的认识

随着旅游业竞争态势的全面展开,旅游规划工作的不断深入,旅游规划的现实需求也相应出现了新的变化特点。为了适应这些变化,旅游规划界对传统的规划思想和经典的研究方法不断重新认识,并引入新的规划设计理念。概念性旅游规划就是近年来出现的新生事物,它的出现必将对丰富旅游规划学科内容、推动旅游规划研究的发展起到积极的作用,非常值得关注。本文通过综合分析相关的研究文献,对概念性旅游规划的概念、性质、特点、应用等提出了系统的分析和阐述。     

Curriculum Development in International Convention and Conference Management at Meio University,Okinawa, Japan

Abstract

Many factors, political, economical, and environmental, are conducive to the introduction of a specialized convention and conference management curriculum in Okinawa, Japan. Recent changes in the Japanese government's industrial policies to expand and reinforce the Okinawa Free Trade Zone by 2005 is one such factor. To handle this increase, Okinawa will require an infrastructure that will support and maintain this expansion, which includes educating the workforce with a sound convention and conference university curriculum in Okinawa. Therefore, this study documents the process and results of a convention and conference management curriculum development endeavor between Meio University in Nago, Okinawa, Japan, and the University of Houston in the United States.     

Working Holiday Tourist Learning: Scale Development and Validation

The purpose of this study is to explore the learning of working holiday tourists (WHTs) and to develop a relevant scale. Firstly, in-depth interviews and content analysis were employed to generate the initial items. Secondly, 11 factors were extracted from an exploratory factor analysis with 273 samples. Thirdly, a confirmatory factor analysis with 522 samples was performed to identify the validity of the WHT learning scale. The results show that the 11-factor and 35-item WHT learning scale has good fit, reliability and validity. The findings expand the current knowledge of tourist learning and working holidays, and provide marketing implications and suggestions for future research.     

要素结构变动、制度环境与旅游经济高质量发展

文章在对旅游经济发展质量的内涵构成、影响因素进行文献梳理的基础上,从行动资源与保障机制两个视角构建了旅游经济高质量发展的行动逻辑框架,并对要素结构变动、制度环境及二者交互作用促进旅游经济高质量发展的机理进行了分析。基于效率、结构和环境3个维度构建并测算了旅游经济发展质量指标,运用2003—2016年省际面板数据对理论分析进行了实证检验。结果表明:(1)要素结构变动、制度环境分别是旅游经济发展质量提升的行动资源、保障机制;(2)代表要素结构变动的资本劳动投入比对中、东部地区旅游经济发展质量的正向作用显著,对西部地区的作用不显著,而景区禀赋对中、西部地区的作用显著,对东部地区作用不显著;(3)制度环境对旅游经济发展质量总体上具有正向促进作用,对中、东部地区作用显著,对西部地区的作用尚不显著;(4)制度环境能够调节要素结构变动的作用方向及程度,二者交互形成集成动力对各地区旅游经济发展质量均产生正向作用。针对上述结论,文章从基于供给侧结构性改革推动要素结构升级、制度创新等视角提出了促进旅游经济高质量发展的相关建议。     

Development of a Scale to Measure Social Capital in Recreation and Sport Clubs

ABSTRACT

Social capital's measurement has been limited and an effective scale is needed. This research employed focus groups and interviews and a panel of experts to provide understanding and items for a social capital scale in sport and recreation setting. After a pilot study the Club Social Capital Scale (CSCS) was completed by 1,079 members of sport and recreation clubs. This 42-item scale included the factors trust, friendship, acceptance, reciprocity, norms, and governance. Exploratory factor analysis resulted in a 20-item four component (governance, norms, friendship-acceptance, and trust-reciprocity) CSCS. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the potential four or five factor model and the hierarchical structure. The CSCS is the first psychometrically developed instrument to measure the factors underlying social capital rather than its outcomes. It can inform policy makers or sport and recreation administrators to establish baseline social capital in their organization and the efficacy of interventions or changes in policy.     

Technology-mediated management learning in hospitality organisations

This study examines the role of information and communication technology (ICT) applications in management learning and development in hospitality organisations. Managers who search for authentic social knowledge are most likely to use learning management systems, company intranets, email applications and search engines. Managers who look for personal knowledge are most likely to select search engines, online audio or video communication applications, telephone conferencing and customer online community websites. This study provides evidence that e-learning practices in management development do not fully support managers’ learning. The paper lastly offers solutions to address this mismatch.     

Gender Relations and Sport for Development in Colombia: A Decolonial Feminist Analysis

Abstract

Playing sports has long been a taboo for women in Colombia, yet new spaces for female participation have emerged in recent decades. This article explores the gendered nature of sport in Colombia through the lived experiences of female participants involved in a local Sport for Development and Peace organization. Building on ethnographic fieldwork and a decolonial feminist perspective, the authors examine how cultural experiences of physicality are gendered but are potentially changing in the context of leisure practices and how this may shape power relations. Although more girls and women are participating in masculine leisure pursuits, there are critical limitations to social change and female participants demonstrate the coloniality of gender in action.     

An Integrated Approach to Service Quality in Hotels

ABSTRACT

An examination of service quality in hotels goes beyond the measurement approach by incorporating, customer satisfaction, organizational culture and climate. Customer satisfaction is examined and the use of employee perceptions of customer satisfaction is proposed as an index for customer satisfaction. Organizational climate is discussed as being a fundamental element that needs to be understood and used by managers in order to promote service quality. A conceptual model that incorporates all the elements of an expanded service quality model is presented by utilizing organizational culture and climate as its base. It is argued that hotel managers need to address all aspects of the model simultaneously instead of the single element at a time approach.     

遗产资源保护及旅游发展中的政府作为研究

目前，加强遗产资源的保护，促进遗产旅游的持续、健康发展，是政府面临的一个重要问题。本文认为，遗产资源的有效保护及旅游发展，主要应由政府作为；在分析影响政府作为因素的基础上，提出了提高政府作为效能的主要措施，并指出政府应在制度、组织、公务员（职务）等3个方面加强作为。     

风景区保护与发展统一论的若干商榷意见

本文认为，保护是风景区永恒的主题，但必须适应市场经济的要求，旅游业是风景区发展的决定性方向；市场配置资源必将成为风景区发展的必由之路；风景区的保护和发展离不开政府主导；应该积极推进体制创新，并结合实践论证了风景区保护与发展的统一，并回答了目前困扰风景区保护和发展中存在的一些敏感问题。     

我国城乡旅游地居民参与旅游规划与发展研究

综合国内外居民参与研究的成就,本文提出了传统型、行政主导型、居民政府共同参与型和居民全过程主导参与型等4种居民参与旅游规划与发展模式.并从城市和乡村旅游地角度,比较了中山市和四项山旅游地的居民基本特征和居民参与旅游规划与发展的差异.根据居民参与旅游规划与发展差异,四顶山旅游地采用行政主导推动型模式,中山市旅游地采取居民政府共同参与型模式.在此基础上,从政府、规划师、居民教育及信息交流4个方面提出了居民参与实施对策.     

Picking on the poor: the contradictions of theory and neo-liberal critique. A response to Stasja Koot's paper on the contradictions of capitalism for Indigenous tourism in the South African Kalahari

The relevance of neo-liberal critique of a community-owned, but commercially managed lodge, is examined with regard to Stasja Koot's paper on “The contradictions of capitalism” published in the Journal of Sustainable Tourism in 2016. Koot focuses on the ≠Khomani Bushmen's relationship with !Xaus Lodge in the Kalahari Desert. His argument locates this small facility as an exemplar of the global contradictions of capitalism in the tourism sector. My response critiques Koot's methodology, theory and conclusions. It provides the missing history of the project discussed, and details the financial evidence that cautions Koot's speculative interpretations. My analysis cautions the relevance and use of Koot's application of David Harvey's Marxist-derived theory of spatial and temporal fixes. This response's assessment is that Koot's conclusions are arrived at without sufficient supporting evidence, and that his theory-led argument conceals a myriad of contextual contradictions that question the unproblematic application of Harvey's theory into a political economic context for which it was not designed. Some comment is offered on researcher positions and responsibilities and on how to interpret responses offered by ≠Khomani sources, whose own playful (and sometimes wilful) exploitation of researchers results in information that must always be triangulated for accuracy.     

旅游度假地规划特点及现有规划设计规程的适用性研究

本文通过对旅游度假地规划特点和现有规划设计规程适用性的研究,论述了旅游度假地规划设计规程研究的紧迫性和重要性,同时提出了旅游度假地规划设计规程的研究框架.     

旅游规划整合--对"大旅游"内涵的再认识

随着旅游活动的不断普及和深入发展，旅游规划实践在我国各地蓬勃兴起，旅游规划的思想、内容与方法也在不断发展完善。本文简要回顾了国内外旅游规划的发展，并对系统科学理论、可持续发展思想等对旅游规划的影响进行了评析，认为在我国很多地区都亟待发展的情况下，旅游规划必须重视旅游地的社会经济要素．让旅游规划可以在当地发挥实际作用，通过“大旅游”开发切实增强旅游开发地的自我发展能力。文章在前人研究的基础上，对“大旅游”的内涵进行了更为明确的阐述，将其概括为大资源、大产业带、大产业链、大市场、大系统等几个方面，并就其中的产业整合和空间整合进行了重点阐述，分析了深入研究与发展“大旅游”的重要意义。     

自然文化遗产对当地农村社区发展的影响--以北京市为例

本文在实地调查的基础上,结合国外的实践经验,对遗产资源保护与当地农村社区发展的关系进行实证分析.首先给出调查的部分发现和评论.随后本文揭示风景名胜区管理机构与当地农村社区之间现实和潜在的矛盾与冲突,其中土地和森林权属以及受益分配问题,很可能成为今后社会矛盾新的焦点问题.最后,讨论了遗产资源保护与当地农村社区和谐发展的重要途径以及在当前发展阶段下,鼓励当地农村社区参与遗产资源保护的经济替代策略.     

旅游罩:类型、形成机制及其对旅游业发展的启示

旅游罩(tourism bubble)的研究在我国尚未见相关文献,相比较而言,国外的研究已有一定的基础.本文首先引入旅游罩的概念范畴,并对其基本类型作了进一步的划分,认为在旅游活动中,主要存在旅游者罩(tourist bubble)、旅游业罩(tourism industry bubble)和旅游目的地罩(tourist destination bubble)三种不同类型的旅游罩.在此基础上,探讨了不同类型旅游罩的形成机制,认为旅游者的心理因素形成了旅游者罩,大众旅游组织方式形成了旅游业罩,旅游目的地的规划和管理因素形成旅游目的地罩.最后,文章分析了旅游罩对旅游业发展的启示,认为旅游罩的形成和存在在一定程度上对旅游业的发展是不利的,需要采取相关的措施,控制旅游罩的形成或打破旅游罩,以促进旅游业的健康、有序、协调发展.