A Thematic Review of Australia's Club Management Magazine

ABSTRACT

This analysis of articles from 1993 to 2003 in Australia's premier club management trade magazine, Club Management in Australia (CMA), the publication of the Club Managers' Association Australia (CMAA), highlights a number of recurring key themes. These are: taxation legislation; employment relations and human resources; gambling, alcohol, smoking, and related social issues; club expansion, innovation and growth; and contribution to the community. This article analyses these themes and discusses the key forces driving change in these areas, while also identifying the viewpoints of club managers. It is concluded that empirical academic research into these themes and the issues pertaining to them is needed. This is especially true of gambling, smoking, and social issues, the effectiveness of new gambling and club-related legislation, and the contribution of clubs to the community. Further research will be required to test the validity of several of the arguments put forward by the CMAA in the articles reviewed.     

A Case Study of Gambling Involvement and Its Consequences

Gambling has attracted minimal recent research in leisure studies. Focusing on Indigenous Australian gambling, this article draws on theoretical frameworks in leisure and gambling to develop gambling involvement profiles. Using qualitative methods, 169 Indigenous Australians were interviewed. Thematic analysis generated three typical gambler profiles—light, binge and heavy gamblers—distinguishable by different gambling behaviors, motivations and consequences. Analysis of the dimensions of leisure involvement revealed that light and heavy gamblers differed according to importance/interest, pleasure, centrality, self-expression, social bonding, risk probability, and risk consequence. The article demonstrates the application to gambling of certain leisure involvement constructs.     

Gambling destinations and the effect of gambling results on tourist satisfaction and loyalty

ABSTRACT

Tourists visiting gambling destinations are likely to participate, to some or to a great extent, in gambling activities. Therefore, their gambling experience contributes to the evaluation of their experience at the destination. This study investigates the effect of gambling results on the overall satisfaction and loyalty of 7431 tourists visiting Macao by estimating a set of ordered probit models. The results indicate an asymmetric effect on the overall satisfaction: the negative effect of a losing outcome outweighs the positive effect of a winning outcome. Both winning and losing gambling outcomes have a positive and similar effect on the likelihood to recommend the destination, and the likelihood to revisit is affected in a positive way only by a winning outcome. The main determinants of tourist satisfaction and loyalty are further verified and the influence of tourist profile variables is also explored. Theoretical and managerial implications are outlined based on the results.     

Strategic Management of External Change in NSW Registered Clubs

ABSTRACT

This research examines how clubs strategically manage change resulting from alterations in their external environment. Specifically, this paper aims to investigate the marketing implications of recent legislative change arising from restrictions imposed on advertising and promotion of club gaming in one Australian state, the most populous state of New South Wales (NSW). Managers of three northern NSW clubs situated adjacent to the southern Queensland (QLD) border were interviewed to obtain primary data for this investigation. Results show that legislation restricting gaming advertising, promotion and external signage has caused difficulties in marketing these three clubs whose core product is gaming machines. Short-term results of revised marketing strategies indicate that club member numbers are steady but spending is unpredictable. Visitors are harder to attract, particularly new visitors.     

浅谈旅游史教学中的情意教学

情意教学作为一种运用现代教育、心理学原理进行教学的新型方法,在当今大学生素质教育中显得非常必要。本文分析了旅游史教学运用情意教学的必要性和意义,探讨了制定旅游史情意教学目标的方法,提出了在旅游史教学中运用情意教学的具体构想,总结了实施情意教学应注意的问题。     

Understanding Other Customer Perceptions in the Private Country Club Industry

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of other customer perceptions (OCP) in the private country club industry. Based on the existing theoretical background, it was hypothesized that three dimensions of OCP – similarity, physical appearance, and suitable behavior – characterize notions of private country club prestige and influence private country club loyalty. In addition, it was proposed that there are significant differences in OCP based on personal characteristics such as socio-demographic and golf-related profiles. Data were collected from 294 amateur golfers in the USA; results indicated that all three dimensions of OCP influenced private country club prestige, which in turn positively affected private country club loyalty. Lastly, there were significant differences in OCP according to personal characteristics. Key theoretical/managerial implications are presented and discussed.     

The Role of CSR and Responsible Gambling in Casino Employees' Organizational Commitment,Job Satisfaction,and Customer Orientation

This study aims to examine not only the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on casino employees' organizational commitment (OC), job satisfaction (JS), and customer orientation (CO), but also the effect of responsible gambling (RG) on CO. In particular, this study examines how employees' expectation of implementing RG strategies influences their attitude toward customers. For this purpose, this study conducted a survey of employees (n?=?307) who were working for a casino in Seoul, Korea. The results of this study indicate that economic, legal, and philanthropic CSR had an effect on OC, which, in turn, influenced JS. Additionally, JS and the expectation of RG strategies were found to influence CO. These findings will contribute to understanding the impacts of CSR and RG on casino employees' behavior toward customers and providing practical implications to the casino industry.     

赌权开放对澳门博彩旅游业经济效率影响的动态分析

博彩旅游业在澳门的经济结构中具有重要的战略地位.澳门赌权自2002年始的开放使其博彩旅游业的规模进一步放大,带动了其他产业发展的延伸,同时刺激了澳门经济体内各种不合理元素的显现,尤其是博彩旅游业的"极性"发展使澳门资源结构不平衡的症结进一步暴露.为了合理评价赌权开放对澳门经济所造成的影响,本文采用数据包络分析(DEA)方法,围绕赌权开放前后澳门经济的发展变化,对澳门1997-2006年的经济效率进行动态比较.结果显示:赌权开放提高了开放前博彩旅游业的经济效率,减少了行业资源的浪费,扩大了经济的产出能量.根据澳门博彩旅游业发展中的问题,应采取相应的政策措施.     

中国旅游史研究之我见

本文通过对已出版的若干旅游史著作在概念界定、旅游类型、旅游产业、旅游产物四方面的特点归纳和分析,提出从方法论建设、内容更新以及多学科合作三点建议。     

从西方经济史看旅游起源若干问题

目前有关旅游起源不同认识的症结在于如何看待原始人类的出行。本文不同意以原始人类迁徙具有被迫性和求生性来否定其为旅行或旅游,认为西方古代经济史提供的基本事实表明,近代以前与谋生相关的旅行、特别是商业旅行大都曾程度不等地带有被迫和求生的色彩,因而从逻辑和历史的角度,被迫性和求生性都不宜作为区分原始迁徙和古代旅行的标尺。本文提出,原始人类迁徙与后世旅行的区别主要在于它不具备旅行活动的基本特征和社会意义。     

Assisting problem gamblers in the gaming venue: An assessment of practices and procedures followed by frontline hospitality staff

This study examined how frontline hospitality staff respond to patrons with gambling problems in gaming venues. Personal interviews with 48 staff in Queensland Australia yielded rich in-depth data. While overall, staff were confident they could identify signs of problem gambling and procedures to follow if patrons ask for assistance with a gambling problem, uncertainty and unresolved challenges persist over how to respond to problem gamblers who do not request assistance. While better training, systems and processes may improve staff interventions, continued reliance on human judgement and discretion are likely to see the vast majority of problem gamblers in venues ignored.     

A Re-examination of the Legalization of Casino Gambling from the Japanese Tourist Perspective: A 10-year Review

With the explosion of casino development in the Asia Pacific as well as the USA, casino gambling has become more culturally embraced as a recreational activity. The purpose of this study was to re-examine the legalization of casino gambling in Hawaii from Japanese-speaking tourists' perspective and compare these results with a previous study completed a decade before. With the continuing decrease of Japanese visitors to Hawaii, and with the importance of the Japanese market to Hawaii's economy, state officials are considering other forms of tourism to help revive the Japanese tourism market and increase Hawaii's global competitiveness. By analyzing the responses of the current Japanese-speaking tourists to Hawaii and comparing these responses with the Japanese tourists surveyed 10 years previously (1996), an attempt can be made to determine whether Japanese tourists in 2006 have changed their perception of the legalization of casino gambling in Hawaii. This research examines a number of challenges to consider concerning the legalization of gaming in an established tourism destination such as of Hawaii. Although the findings of this study indicate that the Japanese-speaking tourists have changed their perspective from past studies on the effects that legalization of casino gambling has in Hawaii, future research should focus on other segments of the tourist market.     

浅谈旅游史教学中的情意教学

情意教学作为一种运用现代教育、心理学原理进行教学的新型方法,在当今大学生素质教育中显得非常必要.本文分析了旅游史教学运用情意教学的必要性和意义,探讨了制定旅游史情意教学目标的方法,提出了在旅游史教学中运用情意教学的具体构想,总结了实施情意教学应注意的问题.     

Learning Provision,the Labour Market and Skills Needs of the Tourism and Related Sectors in Wales

Abstract

This paper reports results of a project commissioned by the Tourism Training Forum for Wales to assess the labour market, learning provision and skills needs of the tourism and related sectors in Wales, in light of the establishment of People 1st, one of 22 employer-led Sector Skills Councils under the umbrella of the Sector Skills Development Agency, which represents a new approach to skills development in the United Kingdom. Standard industrial classification codes do not map well onto the sector footprint and are insufficiently fine grained which makes it impossible to construct a complete picture from official statistics. Employers report skills gaps amongst a range of staff and a lack of “soft” skills amongst job applicants. Learning provision across Wales was deemed to be sufficient, but it does not necessarily reflect the needs of industry. The paper concludes that despite a consensus on the need to upgrade skills, improve professionalism and to nurture a training culture, there is an absence of an integrated approach to delivering learning and training that is designed to ensure the quality standards which will ensure destination competitiveness.     

A Model of Brand Prestige Formation in the Casino Industry

The objective of this study was to investigate the antecedents and consequences of brand prestige in the casino industry. To test the proposed model, this study collected data from 228 casino customers in the United States. The results of the data analysis show that three types of casino service quality (i.e. game service, service environment, and service delivery) influence the formation of brand prestige and can thus help to enhance social value, brand preference, and revisit intentions. Finally, brand consciousness moderated the relationship between brand prestige and brand preference.     

选择旅游业为区域主导产业的合理性问题探讨

根据对我国区域经济及旅游业发展的现状分析,选择旅游业作为区域经济主导产业在很多地区存在着盲目性与不合理性。探讨旅游业作为特定区域主导产业的合理性,需要对符合国情的“旅游业”及“主导产业”有合适的概念界定,以及对区域旅游产业的发展现状、潜力、优势及整体效益有相对科学的分析。在此基础上确定旅游业作为区域主导产业选择的基准。同时还需重视对被确定为区域主导产业的旅游业自身的培育。     

A Factor Analysis of Internal Service Constructs in the Lodging Industry

Abstract

Parasuraman, Zeithaml and Berry's Extended Model of Service Quality has received a great deal of attention in various disciplines. Nearly all the work on this model has addressed either the dimensionality of the consumer service perceptions or the way in which the model measures quality. Only one work has been identified that addressed the internal components of their model. It is critical that organizations understand the internal factors that affect the delivery of a high quality service experience. This research subjects the internal constructs identified by Parasuraman, Zeithaml, and Berry to a factor analysis study in the lodging industry. This research found that the management factors did not function as proposed. New factors are identified based on exploratory factor analysis and a comparison of the two models is presented.     

Determinants of Innovative Behaviour in the Hotel Industry: A cross-Cultural Study

The present study develops a conceptual framework that sheds light on whether institutional pressures (i.e., normative, mimetic, and coercive) and corporate support can improve innovative behavior across different societies and the moderating role of national cultural dimensions on this link. Our study validated these arguments empirically using data from the 2018 Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM). Data were collected and analyzed from 2,618 respondents. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey of full-time non-managerial employees selected, from different departments of various four- and five-star hotels across five economically and culturally different societies (UK, UAE, Germany, China, USA). Our results indicated that both institutional pressures and corporate support have positive influence on employees’ innovative behaviour. Furthermore, Hotels in cultures with high levels of individualism and low levels of uncertainty avoidance, power distance, and masculinity will indicate higher levels of innovative behaviour in response to corporate support programs. While, hotels in nations with high levels of power distance, collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, and masculinity will indicate higher levels of innovative behaviour in response to normative, mimetic, and coercive pressure. These findings provide important implications for innovative behaviour by developing and validating a multilevel model empirically in the hospitality context.     

A Logistic Regression Analysis of Discount Receiving Behavior in the Cruise Industry

Abstract

This exploratory study analyzed the relationships between a number of selected demographic and trip-related variables and cruise vacationers' discount receiving behavior. Cruise vacationers' discount usage was measured as a dichotomous variable (i.e., discount received-discount not received), and hence logistic regression was employed to test the hypothesized relationships. Among the ten independent variables, three variables, namely age, prior experience with cruise vacations, and gender were significant predictors of discount usage. Our study results indicate that younger female vacationers are more likely to use discounts compared to older male vacationers. Furthermore, experienced cruise vacationers seem more prone to taking advantage of discount prices than novice cruise vacationers. Findings of this study suggest that cruise marketers might want to focus on younger, experienced female cruise vacationers in their promotional efforts.     

我国饭店业可持续发展探讨

本文从经济、社会、资源、环境、制度建设五个方面构建了我国饭店业可持续发展的考察要素框架;在研究饭店绿色营销与饭店业可持续发展的关系的基础上,提出了饭店实施绿色营销管理是实现饭店业可持续发展的理想选择,并探讨了饭店绿色营销的任务和对策,着重分析了饭店绿色营销的综合成本与综合效益;在研究饭店绿色标志的基础上,提出我国饭店业可持续发展的重点在于建立和实施饭店绿色等级标准。