企业社会责任与财务绩效相关性研究

近年来社会责任问题受到了社会的普遍关注,本文通过对利益相关者理论演进过程的分析,提出了利益相关者模型。在此基础上,选用内部和外部主要利益相关者的财务数据,分等级评分衡量企业社会责任绩效表现,并选用盈利能力和成长能力指标衡量财务绩效进行实证研究,证明了企业社会责任和财务绩效存在正相关关系。     

独立董事制度与公司业绩的相关性分析：来自沪市A股的实证研究

独立董事制度是近年来我国上市公司为完善公司治理结构而从西方引入的一项重要措施。本文以沪市A股上市公司为研究对象 ,主要分两部分对独立董事展开讨论。其一 ,对独立董事的设立情况、薪酬现状、来源等问题进行分析 ;其二 ,对独立董事制度及其在董事会中所占的比例和公司业绩的相关性进行研究。分析发现 ,公司设立独立董事前后 ,公司业绩有显著性差异 ,但是公司业绩与独立董事在董事会中所占比例无关 ,而且引入独立董事后 ,公司业绩似乎变得更糟。     

Narcissism and Empowerment: How Narcissism Influences the Trickle-Down Effects of Organizational Empowerment Climate on Performance

The present study proposes a trickle-down model of employee empowerment in which empowerment climate at the organization level is positively related to the empowering leadership of team leaders and ultimately to individual task performance. Importantly, we hypothesize that team leaders’ and members’ narcissism can respectively inhibit and enable the cross-level empowerment process by affecting the intended distribution of decision-making authority and resources between team leaders and members. The analysis of data from 834 team members of 189 teams in 46 organizations reveals that organizational empowerment climate is positively related to team leaders’ empowering leadership when they are less narcissistic. Empowering leadership is positively related to individual task performance when team members are highly narcissistic. Finally, we observe that the combination of less narcissistic leaders and more narcissistic members is a condition under which the indirect effect of organizational empowerment climate on individual task performance through empowering leadership is positive.     

Russia's Evolving Corporate Governance in the Cultural Context

Abstract

The paper explores evolution and current state of the Russian corporate governance in cultural context. Russia has a relatively short history of corporate governance, and securities market and stock capital play a less significant role, compared to the West. The evolution of culture and corporate governance is analyzed in a comparative setting. Under the Soviet framework, business and corporate developments were non-existent or severely restricted. The post-Soviet capitalism is characterized by dynamic and turbulent developments in corporate governance and business culture. The paper examines the Russian findings from the recent international studies of culture and explores cultural impact on corporate governance in the country.     

公益型非营利组织绩效预算与绩效评价的理论探讨

公益型非营利组织的运营颇具独特性，它们不受“利润动机”的驱使，而是依靠“使命绩效”的凝聚力来引导运营。在此，我们将公益型非营利组织的运营目标归为“绩效最优”，并将其贯彻于整个组织运营管理的过程之中，通过两大支柱手段——绩效预算和绩效评价的结合运用，提出一个理论框架，以求改善公益型非营利组织的绩效。     

FAHP Sensitivity Analysis for Measurement Nonprofit Organizational Performance

An approach of nonprofit organizational performance measurement and its computing algorithm is proposed in this paper. In this study, we propose the organizational performance measurement. Importantly, the proposed can assist the administrators to assess the organizational performance, making it highly applicable for academia and commercial purposes.     

Reducing Organizational Politics in Performance Appraisal: The Role of Coaching Leaders for Age‐Diverse Employees

We examined whether a supervisor's coaching leadership style predicts the perception of organizational politics in performance appraisal (OPPA) reported by the collaborators. Additionally, we drew on social cognition and motivational life‐span development theories to hypothesize age‐related differences in perceived OPPA and its link with the coaching leadership style. Using hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) on a sample of 576 employees and 112 leaders, we found that coaching leaders are perceived as less manipulative in their performance ratings, especially by older employees. This article includes a discussion of the implications these results have for performance management of an age‐diverse workforce. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Leading by Example: A Model of Organizational Citizenship Behavior for the Environment

Organizational citizenship behaviors for the environment (OCBEs), which are based on individual, voluntary and informal initiatives, are increasingly considered as an essential ingredient of corporate greening. Drawing on the emerging literature on this issue, this paper explores the determinants and consequences of managers' OCBEs. A study of 304 managers from the manufacturing sector allowed us to validate a new model of managers' OCBEs based on structural equation modeling. The model shows the role of environmental values and perceived behavioral control (PBC) in the adoption of OCBEs. As expected, the model also shows positive and significant relationships between OCBEs, environmental management practices and performance in this area. The study sheds new light on the impacts of OCBEs and explores the reasons why they can be used to lead by example and to improve environmental performance. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

Leadership in Organizational Knowledge Creation: A Review and Framework

Organizational knowledge creation integrates context, knowledge assets, and knowledge creation processes throughout the organization. Using organizational knowledge creation theory as an organizing framework, we conduct a literature review that shows prior work has focused on the role of central, upper‐echelon, leadership in knowledge creation processes, without devoting much attention to context and knowledge assets. To remedy these weaknesses, we develop a new framework for situational leadership in organizational knowledge creation. The framework is based on a continuum that ranges from centralized to distributed leadership at three layers of activity: a core layer of local knowledge creation; a conditional layer that provides the resources and context for knowledge creation; and a structural layer that forms the overall frame and direction for knowledge creation in the organization. We discuss the implications of this framework for theory and practice.     

公司治理中的预算管理:一种契约观

本文从契约的角度分析预算管理在公司治理中的作用。首先分析预算管理的契约性,然后从企业预算目标、利润观预算和预算松弛三方面探讨公司治理中的预算问题。     

企业文化、企业培训对组织绩效的影响研究

本文从实证的角度出发,以大陆上海地区、江苏地区以及台湾地区的企业为研究对象,收集244份有效样本,以LISREL结构方程式为分析工具,企图建立企业文化、企业培训与组织绩效等构面完整的理论模型,并运用大量数据进行统计分析,以解释高阶主管支持、企业文化强度对企业培训、组织绩效的影响。     

智力资本与企业战略绩效:基于中国上市公司的实证研究

基于企业资源观的分析框架,从促进企业竞争优势的稀缺战略资源特性出发,构建了智力资本贡献于企业战略绩效的关系模型。采用上市公司2006-2008年的相关数据,对智力资本与企业战略绩效之间的相关性进行了实证研究。研究结果显示物质资本与企业战略绩效显著正相关,人力资本对企业具有积极的价值创造作用,结构资本与企业战略绩效呈一定程度的正相关关系。     

Chief executive officer ability,corporate social responsibility,and financial performance: The moderating role of the environment

This paper seeks to explore how chief executive officer (CEO) ability influences the economic impact of corporate social responsibility strategic decisions. Currently, the evidence on the impact of corporate social responsibility on the value of the company is mixed; in this paper, we aim to observe the moderate role played by this particularity of the CEO in the relationship between socially responsible commitment and financial performance. Our results identify that the most able CEOs make investments in social and environmental practices that lead to greater financial performance; in contrast, the less able CEOs can overinvest or underinvest in an opportunistic way for personal benefit at shareholders' expense. In addition, the role that CEO ability plays in social and environmental strategies is particularly pertinent in munificent environments that foment managerial discretion; in these contexts, high managerial ability leads to investment in socially responsible performance, which benefits shareholders by alleviating moral hazard.     

我国上市公司财务困境与公司业绩之关系分析

文章通过对上市公司陷入财务困境后采取的重组措施以及重组前后公司业绩的定量分析,初步回答了我国上市公司财务困境与公司业绩的关系问题。     

人力资源管理柔性与企业绩效之实证分析

人力资源管理柔性分为功能柔性与数量柔性,二者对企业绩效的影响主要体现在对单位产品成本、人事成本、顾客满意度、人均产量、产品质量的影响上,实证研究结果表明,功能柔性对成本降低、人均产量提高、产品质量提高、顾客满意度提高都有着积极、显著的影响;而数量柔性则相反。     

企业控制权转移的长期绩效研究

基于财务数据法和长期持有超额收益法,本文研究了控制权转移企业的长期绩效以及影响长期持有收益的因素。实证结果表明:从长期来看,上市公司控制权转移并没有给企业绩效带来显著的改善。同时,控制权比例和行业属性对控制权转移企业长期持有超额收益率具有显著影响;相对于企业价值而言,控制权转移时机和资产整合更为重要。     

股权制衡的公司治理绩效模型研究

本文分别从控股股东与非控股大股东的绩效函数出发,建立股权制衡的公司治理绩效模型,用以分析控股股东利益侵占和公司股权制衡的作用关系。研究发现:一方面,公司股权制衡受到控股股东侵占行为的操纵,表现为控股股东侵占对股权制衡的正向作用;另一方面,股权制衡能够提升公司治理绩效,表现为股权制衡对控股股东侵占的负向影响。另外,非控股大股东具有与控股股东相互合谋的动机,以实现对公司中小股东利益的联合侵占。     

Corporate Governance in China: A Meta‐Analysis

How has the impact of ‘good corporate governance’ principles on firm performance changed over time in China? Amassing a database of 84 studies, 684 effect sizes, and 547,622 firm observations, we explore this important question by conducting a meta‐analysis on the corporate governance literature on China. The weight of evidence demonstrates that two major ‘good corporate governance’ principles advocating board independence and managerial incentives are indeed associated with better firm performance. However, we cannot find strong support for the criticisms against CEO duality. In addition, we go beyond a static perspective (such as certain governance mechanisms are effective or ineffective) by investigating the temporal hypotheses. We reveal that over time, with the improvement in the quality of market institutions and development of financial markets, the monitoring mechanisms of the board and state ownership become more strongly related to firm performance, whereas the incentive mechanisms lose their significance. Overall, our findings advance a dynamic institution‐based view by substantiating the case that institutional transitions matter for the relationship between governance mechanisms and firm performance in the second largest economy in the world.     

Corporate governance and pay for performance: evidence from Germany

This paper investigates how two distinctive features of the German corporate governance system—concentrated ownership structure and representation of employees on firm supervisory boards—influence the sensitivity of managerial pay to firm profitability. There is a positive, though very small, link between pay and profitability for widely held firms. The presence of a largest owner seems hardly to affect this link in any economically significant way. However, the link between pay and profitability is smaller and indeed not significantly different from zero in firms whose largest owner is a German financial institution. This suggests that large owners tend to act as a substitute for rather than a complement to performance related pay in Germany. We thank Dennis Leech for allowing us to use his algorithms for computing voting power indices, and Brian Cheffins, Tim Guinnane, Andrew Harvey, Dennis Leech, Hamish Low, Sheilagh Ogilvie, Melvyn Weeks and two anonymous referees for helpful comments. The research reported in this paper was started during a joint visit to CES, University of Munich, and completed during visits of Edwards and Weichenrieder to the University of Konstanz and the ifo Institute for Economic Research in Munich. We thank the three institutions for their hospitality, especially Bernd Genser and Hans-Werner Sinn. A previous version of this paper was circulated under the title “The Measurement of Firm Ownership and its Effect on Managerial Pay”.     

行业竞争环境、董事会治理与公司绩效——基于国有上市公司

董事会治理和行业竞争作为两种不同的治理机制对公司绩效产生重要的影响,本文以2010-2012年国有上市公司为研究样本进行实证分析,结论表明,行业竞争环境以及董事会治理都与公司绩效之间有显著相关关系。