Seeking causality between liquidity risk and credit risk: TED-OIS spreads and CDS indexes

Since the Global Financial Crisis, credit risk and its management have become one of the most appealing topics in finance literature. In this study, we investigate the interaction of credit risk and liquidity risk through the TED and the OIS spreads and various credit default swap indexes from the CDX and the iTraxx family (CDXIG, CDXHY, ITEEU, and ITEXO). The empirical analysis is conducted through the Kapetanios unit root test, the EGARCH model, the Bootstrap Toda-Yamamoto modified Wald test and the asymmetric causality analysis. The results of symmetric and asymmetric causality methods reveal that liquidity risk appears to play an important role in credit risk, and in most cases, the TED and the OIS spreads dominate the CDS indexes. It can, thus, be concluded that the TED and the OIS spreads are superior to the CDS indexes as an early warning indicator in the credit market.     

江苏省农村金融发展与农户收入关系的实证分析

本文利用1990—2007年江苏省农村金融发展与农户收入的统计数据,经过ADF检验、协整检验、Granger因果关系检验．对江苏省农村金融发展与农民收入的关系进行了实证分析。结果显示：江苏省农村金融发展长期对农民收入增长有促进作用,但农村金融发展效率不是农民收入增长的原因。本文在最后分析实证结果并提出简要的政策建议。     

我国铝期货与现货价格均衡关系实证研究

期货市场与现货市场是一对关联程度非常高的市场,本文以上海期货交易所铝期货和现货为例,利用协整检验、误差修正模型等方法,得到了我国铝期货市场与现货市场长期均衡关系和短期动态关联关系,表明我国铝期货市场已基本具备市场价格发现功能,并形成了价格自我约束机制。     

Fractional cointegration and real exchange rates

This paper uses fractional integration and cointegration to model the DM-US dollar and the yen-US dollar real exchange rates in terms of both monetary and real factors, more specifically real interest rate and labour productivity differentials. We find that whilst the individual series may be integrated of order 1, their long-run relationship might have a fractionally cointegrated structure. This means that mean reversion occurs, consistently with the findings of other studies. However, it also indicates, in contrast to such studies, that the cointegrating relationship possesses long memory. In other words, the error correction term responds slowly to shocks, implying that deviations from equilibrium are long-lived. It appears that only a combination of real and monetary variables can accurately track down the movements of real exchange rates.     

Economic policy uncertainty: Persistence and cross-country linkages

This paper provides new evidence on the stochastic behaviour of the EPU (Economic Policy Uncertainty (EPU) index constructed by Baker et al. (2016) in six of the biggest economies (Canada, France, Japan, US, Ireland, and Sweden), and also on cross-country linkages, over the period from January 1985 to October 2019. For this purpose, it uses fractional integration/cointegration methods to measure the degree of persistence of the EPU and whether there exists a long-run equilibrium relationship linking the individual indices. This framework is much more general than the standard approaches based on the I(0)/I(1) dichotomy since it allows for fractional values of the integration/cointegration parameter and therefore does not impose restrictive assumptions on the dynamic behaviour of the individual series and their linkages. EPU is found to be in most cases a non-stationary, mean-reverting series which is characterised by long memory. Several breaks are also detected in each country. Finally, there is very little evidence of cross-country linkages. Our analysis provides fresh insights into the degree of persistence and the transmission of EPU shocks and has implications both for investors having to make risk management decisions and choose investment strategies and policymakers having to design effective macroeconomic policies.     

陕西省人口城镇化与就业增长之间的关系研究--基于VAR模型的实证检验

陕西省人口城镇化发展水平与就业增长之间是否存在真实的影响关系,人口城镇化发展水平是否构成就业增长波动的动因？如果人口城镇化水平能促进就业增长,那么促进过程在长短期又具有表现出什么特性？基于此,本文采用1978年-2012年的样本数据,运用协整理论、误差修正模型和VAR模型实证检验陕西省就业增长与人口城镇化水平之间的真实影响关系,从而提出针对性措施以促进陕西就业增长与人口城镇化的包容性发展。     

Bivariate FIGARCH and fractional cointegration

We consider the modelling of volatility on closely related markets. Univariate fractional volatility (FIGARCH) models are now standard, as are multivariate GARCH models. In this paper, we adopt a combination of the two methodologies. There is as yet little consensus on the methodology for testing for fractional cointegration. The contribution of this paper is to demonstrate the feasibility of estimating and testing cointegrated bivariate FIGARCH models. We apply these methods to volatility on the NYMEX and IPE crude oil markets. We find a common order of fractional integration for the two volatility processes and confirm that they are fractionally cointegrated. An estimated error correction FIGARCH model indicates that the preponderant adjustment is of the IPE towards NYMEX.     

汇率与股票价格的关系：理论前沿与实证研究综述

汇率与股价关系的理论研究主要从两个方向进行,一是将汇率、股价与其它宏观变量一起纳入到一般均衡的分析框架,二是从外汇市场微观结构的角度,通过考察国际间证券投资与套利行为从而在汇率与股价之间建立联系.对于两者之间关系的实证研究,则主要分为相关性检验与因果关系检验.从目前的研究成果看,无论是理论上还是实证上,对于股价和汇率关系的研究,都远未达成共识.     

通货膨胀对资本结构的影响：理论模型与实证检验

利率管制下具有股权融资偏好的企业融资模型表明,通货膨胀会增大公司的债务融资比重,并且利率管制带来的利率刚性和公司税率都会放大通货膨胀的这种作用。同时,以中国30家上市公司25个季度的财务面板数据为基础进行的实证研究发现,通货膨胀对中国上市公司的债务—权益比率具有非常显著的正向作用,货币对于公司的资本结构是非中性的。另外固定资产比率非常显著的正向作用于债务—权益比率。     

中国A、B股市场关联性的实证分析

利用市值加权法分别编制相应的A、B股市场指数，在此基础上利用多种经济计量模型对A、B股市场关联性进行多角度、分阶段的实证分析，以期得到B股开放前后两市关联性的结论。上述研究可以对A、B股的内在关联性有一个更准确的判断，为管理层在决策上提供相应的依据。     

Equality of Real Returns on Canadian and US Treasury Bills: A Fractional Cointegration Analysis

This paper empirically analyzes the long memory relationship between the real returns on Canadian and US Treasury bills. A fractional cointegration approach, instead of conventional integer integration (unit root) and cointegration approaches, is used in analyzing the relationship. The advantage of fractionally integrated models is that they allow a smooth transition from a stationary process to a unit-root process. Furthermore, such models embody unit-root models as a special case. The models are therefore more general and appropriate for empirical analysis. By using fractionally integrated models, one also resolves the problems of an inconsistency in test results associated with using unit root and cointegration approaches. Briefly, it is found that the real returns on Canadian and US Treasury bills are fractionally integrated and the order of integration is significantly less than unity. Furthermore, the difference between the real returns follows a stationary process. This indicates that the Canadian and the US capital markets as well as product markets are well integrated. Furthermore, the domestic monetary authorities will not be able to influence the domestic real interest rate independent of the other market in the long-run.     

税收增长与经济增长关系的理论分析和实证研究

1994年工商税制全面改革以来,我国税收收入呈现出高速增长态势,从1997年起税收增长幅度已经超过经济增长幅度,从而引发财税理论界和实务界的高度关注.对税收增长与经济增长关系进行理论分析,以1994～2004年相关数据为对象进行实证研究,对我国税收增长和经济增长关系作出基本判断:目前我国税收增长处于合理增长范围,税收增长与经济增长关系基本协调.     

Cryptocurrencies and stock market indices. Are they related?

In this paper, we investigate the stochastic properties of six major cryptocurrencies and their bilateral linkages with six stock market indices using fractional integration techniques. From the univariate analysis, we observe that for Bitcoin and Ethereum, the unit root null hypothesis cannot be rejected; for Litecoin, Ripple and Stellar, the order of integration is found to be significantly higher than 1; for Tether, however, we find evidence in favour of mean reversion. For the stock market indices, the results are more homogeneous and the unit root cannot be rejected in any of the series, with the exception of VIX where mean reversion is obtained. Concerning bivariate results within the cryptocurrencies and testing for cointegration, we provide evidence of no cointegration between the six cryptocurrencies. Along the same lines, testing for cointegration between the cryptocurrencies and the stock market indices, we find evidence of no cointegration, which implies that the cryptocurrencies are decoupled from the mainstream financial and economic assets. The findings in this paper indicate the significant role of cryptocurrencies in investor portfolios since they serve as a diversification option for investors, confirming that cryptocurrency is a new investment asset class.     

国债期限溢价与股权溢价之间动态相关性分析

鉴于国债期限溢价与股权溢价之间的相关关系具有时变性特征,本文运用BEKK-MGARCH、ADCC-MGARCH等模型从条件相关系数角度考察国债期限溢价与股权溢价之间的动态相关性。经验分析结果发现,在描述两者的相关性动态变化方面,考虑非对称性的ADCC-MGARCH模型优于BEKK-MGARCH模型;尽管国债期限溢价与股权溢价之间的条件相关系数大小在短期内会发生变动,但是条件相关系数在正负符号上却保持相对稳定。     

股权结构与企业投资多元化关系:理论与实证分析

本文以中国上市公司为样本,对股权结构与企业投资多元化关系进行了理论与实证分析。结果表明,股权集中度,包括第一大股东持股比例与企业投资多元化水平显著负相关;国有股比例与企业投资多元水平负相关,但相关性不显著;法人股比例与企业投资多元水平基本无关;流通A股(社会公众股的替代)比例与企业投资多元水平显著正相关;流通B股对企业投资多元化水平的影响可能是负向的。     

对外汇储备激增与流动性过剩关系的理论分析与实证检验

外汇储备过快增长与流动性过剩已成为我国经济中的两个突出问题。本文首先基于中央银行的资产负债表和货币数量理论,分析了我国外汇储备激增是导致流动性过剩的主要原因;然后对上述结论进行了实证检验;最后总结了流动性过剩对经济金融体系的影响,并从三个方面提出了治理流动性过剩的措施。     

中期和长期国债收益率的非线性协和关系及动态调整

本文分析探讨一种用于揭示非平稳时间序列非线性调整过程的模型——两机制门限协和模型,深入研究了该模型的参数估计、检验统计量,并通过自助法模拟计算其检验统计量临界值及P值。鉴于我国中期和长期国债收益率之间存在协和关系,但由于经济主体调整行为的不连续性,这种协和关系往往表现为非线性调整过程,利用传统线性向量误差修正模型无法揭示这种调整过程。为此,本文利用两机制门限协和模型研究我国的中期和长期国债收益率的非线性调整过程,研究结果表明:我国中期和长期国债收益率存在门限非线性协和关系,并可用该模型验证期限结构理论。     

Fractional cointegration and tests of present value models

This paper tests the validity of present value (PV) models of stock prices by employing a two-step strategy for testing the null hypothesis of no cointegration against alternatives which are fractionally cointegrated. Monte Carlo simulations are conducted to evaluate the power and size properties of this test, which is shown to outperform existing ones, and to compute appropriate critical values for finite samples. It is found that stock prices and dividends are both I(1) nonstationary series, but they are fractionally cointegrated. This implies that, although there exists a long-run relationship, which is consistent with PV models, the equilibrium errors exhibit slow mean reversion. As the error correction term possesses long memory, deviations from equilibrium are highly persistent.     

汇率制度改革后中国股市与汇市关系——人民币名义汇率与上证综合指数的实证研究

本文利用协整检验和Granger因果检验的计量方法研究了汇率制度改革后中国股市与汇市的关系。实证结果表明,汇率制度改革后中国股市与汇市存在长期稳定的协整关系,人民币升值是中国股市上扬的单向Granger原因。最后,本文利用国际收支和资本流动理论对这些实证结果作了进一步解释,并提出了相应的政策建议。