上市公司自愿信息披露的文化因素影响分析

我国上市公司自愿信息披露的普及度和披露的质量都不尽人意,目前多是从经济动机、政府监管力度、市场缺陷、制度盲点等方面进行分析,而忽视了社会文化对自愿信息披露的影响。本文通过对我国传统文化中制约我国自愿信息披露的思想(如功利思想、重人情、轻工商)进行反思,分析了西方文化中有助于鼓励自愿信息披露的思想理念,在借鉴国外先进文化思想的基础上,从文化氛围营造和培育角度提出了提升我国自愿信息披露水平的相关建议。     

上市公司自愿性披露信息若干问题研究

随着我国资本市场的发展,上市公司自愿性披露信息将呈增长趋势,加强自愿性披露信息的研究,有利于推动和引导我国上市公司自愿性披露信息工作的开展。本文对自愿性披露信息进行了价值分析,总结了影响上市公司自愿性披露信息的主要因素,并提出提高上市公司自愿性披露信息质量政策的若干建议。     

Voluntary Disclosure in the Annual Reports of New Zealand Companies

New Zealand is currently experiencing a liberal and competitive economic environment which has led to a greater investment interest in corporate securities. Likewise, New Zealand firms are also developing strategies to attract investors, for example, through voluntary disclosure of information. Therefore, the level of information voluntarily disclosed by New Zealand companies is of interest to prospective investors. The purpose of this study is to examine empirically the relationship between five firm-specific characteristics and the general level of accounting information voluntarily disclosed by companies listed on New Zealand Stock Exchange (NZSE). In this study the a priori expectations are based on agency theory. The five firm-specific characteristics examined are: firm size, leverage, assets-in-place, type of auditor, and foreign listing status. The results obtained from cross-sectional regression show that firm size, foreign listing status and leverage are significantly related to the extent of voluntary disclosure. In contrast assets-in-place and type of auditor are not significant explanatory variables. A study of this type would be of particular relevance to accounting policy makers because, inter alia, it helps them in (a) understanding corporate disclosure behaviour, (b) explaining why firms adopt certain disclosure strategies, and (c) developing a coherent and acceptable set of mandatory disclosure requirements.     

上市公司自愿性信息披露若干问题研究

随着我国资本市场的发展，自愿性信息披露将呈增长趋势，加强自愿性信息披露的有关问题研究，有利于推动和引导我国自愿性信息披露工作的开展。本文对自愿性信息披露的价值进行分析，总结上市公司自愿性披露的信息类别和主要的影响因素，并对上市公司自是性信息披露中应；主意的问题进行探讨。     

信息披露监管:强制披露与自愿披露的协调

从信息是否可观测、可核实的经济特性出发,分析强制性信息披露制度有限性的根源及其与自愿性信息披露制度共存的问题.强制性信息披露制度对披露一些动机不可观测、内容不可核实的信息存在一定的有限性,而自愿性信息披露制度则能很好地对这类信息进行披露,因此两种信息披露制度可以实现一定的共存,使信息披露制度体系从单纯以管制为主转变为激励与管制并重.     

Determinants of Voluntary Disclosure of Sales in Small Private Companies in Belgium

Small businesses are the backbone of the economy in many countries. In Europe, for example, small companies represent more than 90 per cent of all companies (e.g., Lukacs, 2005 ). Although these companies represent such an important portion of the economy, few studies have examined their voluntary disclosure decisions. Because small companies have certain unique characteristics compared with their larger counterparts, the general applicability of past voluntary disclosure studies to small companies is questionable. Drawing on agency and proprietary cost theory, this study investigates whether ownership, competition, and accountant factors influence the decision to disclose financially sensitive information on a voluntary basis. Our results (using an e‐mail questionnaire to small private companies in Belgium, n = 1,068) indicate that nearly 40 per cent of the responding companies are not aware of their disclosure behavior. For companies that are aware of their disclosure behavior, the logistic regression analysis demonstrates that factors relating to the separation of ownership and control, namely the type of ownership and number of shareholders, are among the most important determinants in the voluntary disclosure decision of small private companies. Companies with at least one legal entity as an owner of a company are less likely to disclose, while companies with more shareholders are more likely to disclose. We also provide evidence that perceived competition and the default setting of the accounting software used have a significant influence on the voluntary disclosure behavior.     

上市公司强制与自愿信息披露的协调利用

目前在我国的证券市场中存在着一定程度的诚信危机,投资者对上市公司信息披露的质量不是很满意,证券市场的发展已经引起了市场参与者的普遍关注,而我国对信息披露的探索主要局限于强制披露,较少涉及自愿披露的内容,因此我国应当吸取国外发达资本市场国家的经验将强制披露和自愿披露看做是互补而非替代的关系,以满足信息使用者的需求。     

公司特征与碳信息自愿性披露——基于合法性理论的分析视角

在自愿性信息披露的研究框架下,结合合法性理论,选取深沪A股上市公司为研究样本,通过对其2011年年报进行内容分析,构建了公司碳信息自愿性披露指数,对我国上市公司的公司特征与碳信息自愿性披露的关系进行了实证分析。实证检验发现:(1)公司规模、财务风险、固定资产比例均与碳信息自愿性披露显著正相关;(2)销售增长率与碳信息自愿性披露显著负相关;(3)上市年限与碳信息自愿性披露显著负相关。研究表明,上市公司将碳信息自愿性披露作为维护和提升自身合法性地位的一种管理方式。合法性压力越大的公司,越愿意提供自愿性碳信息披露;合法性压力越小的公司,越不积极主动提供自愿性碳信息披露。     

Voluntary Assurance of Voluntary CSR Disclosure

We study a firm's decisions to engage in socially responsible activities, voluntarily report on them, and purchase external assurance of the report. In our signaling model, neither firm type nor the level of activity is observed. We show that if voluntary assurance is not too expensive, the firm that engages in more socially responsible activities purchases external assurance and thus “selects” a separating equilibrium. As a result, CSR reports can be used to infer the level of activity and this causes all firms to engage in more socially responsible activity. Further, when voluntary assurance is required to support a separating equilibrium, greater monitoring by social activists increases the chosen quality of voluntary assurance—voluntary assurance and monitoring by social activists are complements, not substitutes.     

Litigation Risk and Corporate Voluntary Disclosure: Evidence from Two Quasi-Natural Experiments

Abstract

We examine the effect of litigation risk on corporate voluntary disclosure using two quasi-natural experiments, which have substantial and opposing impacts on the litigation risk of firms headquartered in the Ninth Circuit. We find that firms in the Ninth Circuit decrease (increase) the quantity and quality of their voluntary disclosure, relative to control firms, when their litigation risk is lowered (elevated). The pre-treatment test shows an indistinguishable trend between treatment and control firms. A battery of robustness checks indicates that our results are not driven by alternative explanations. We hypothesize and find that the impact of litigation risk is more pronounced when firms have bad news and that firms are more likely to preempt bad news through voluntary disclosures when litigation risk is elevated. Overall, results from both experiments suggest that litigation risk causally increases corporate voluntary disclosure.     

公司治理结构和自愿性信息披露关系的实证研究

本文选取了2002年169家中国上市公司作为研究样本,检验了公司治理结构的四个因素即董事会中独立非执行董事的比例、监事会人数、审计委员会、董事长是否兼任总经理与自愿性信息披露程度的关系。研究结果表明,董事长不兼任总经理的公司。其自愿性信息披露程度就比较高,而其余三个公司治理因素并没有对自愿性信息披露程度产生影响。     

第三方信息提供者对公司自愿披露博弈影响研究

本文通过构建一个信息不对称的古诺双寡头产量竞争模型,研究第三方信息提供者对上市公司自愿披露行为的影响。结果发现:随着第三方信息提供者的增多,为了引导其羊群行为,控制流向竞争者的信息,保持竞争优势,即使私人成本较高,上市公司也将自愿披露其私人信息。     

上市公司自愿性披露信息监管体系构建

上市公司自愿性披露信息是指除强制性披露的信息外,上市公司基于公司形象、投资者关系、回避诉讼风险等动机主动披露的信息,是企业披露信息的重要组成部分,也是上市公司展示核心竞争力的有效途径。本文在分析我国上市公司自愿性披露信息中存在问题的基础上,提出了构建上市公司自愿性披露信息监管体系的建议。     

Voluntary Disclosure and Analyst Forecast

Empiricists document that firms more often voluntarily disclose bad news than good news and link this pessimism to managers’ increased incentives not to fall short of earnings expectations. This paper analyzes the voluntary disclosure of a manager’s private information by explicitly considering her incentives to meet or beat an analyst’s earnings forecast. The model predicts that managers who face strong incentives to meet or beat these forecasts more frequently disclose bad news than good news in order to guide analysts’ expectations about future earnings downward. This pessimism is higher in markets with less informed managers and may hold even if the manager has strong incentives for high stock prices and meet-or-beat incentives are comparably low.     

上市公司信息披露失信行为的经济后果

上市公司信息披露失信行为对股东财富、股票系统性风险以及股票市场波动等都有一定影响。从这三个方面进行研究,定量性评估上市公司信息披露失信行为的经济后果,则能为市场监管与处罚提供依据。研究结果表明,上市公司信息披露失信行为在被揭露的时窗内平均使股东财富损失2．35％,价值平均500多万元;股票的系统性风险也因为上市公司的失信行为而被显著性放大;股票市场的整体波动则随着失信案例的增多而加剧。     

Factors Influencing Corporate Environmental Disclosure

In this paper, we have studied the factors that influence the environmental disclosures of Italian listed companies. We also aimed to verify the effects produced by the introduction of specific legislation (albeit of a voluntary nature) on environmental disclosures. The analysis has the advantage of including all of the informational documents produced by the company. The analysis shows an (excessively) low level of disclosure of environmental information by the companies examined. The econometric analysis then shows, contrary to our hypothesis and the results of previous analyses carried out in other countries, a negative and statistically significant relationship between environmental disclosures, the presences of minority shareholders and large auditors and the listing of the company, including in foreign markets. We lastly observed that the introduction of ad hoc legislation as purely voluntary only affects the contents of quantitative environmental disclosures, which are unsuitable for a highly industrialized developed country. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

Corporate Accounting Disclosure in ASEAN

This article analyses corporate annual report disclosure practices in five ASEAN countries: Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines and Thailand. The purpose is twofold. First, to ascertain the extent, pattern and nature of corporate disclosure in ASEAN. Second, to reveal whether existing disclosure requirements would be conducive to accounting harmonisation in the ASEAN region. Data sources are the annual reports of 145 public companies listed on ASEAN stock exchanges, and disclosure requirements in companies legislation and stock market regulations. A disclosure checklist and a model are used to analyse disclosure practices. The results reinforce and extend extant international studies of disclosure practices. They are thought likely to benefit those seeking to operate public companies in ASEAN and those contemplating accounting harmonisation in ASEAN.     

公平和效率为导向的内部控制信息披露方式的转变

自《萨班斯--奥克斯利法案》颁布以来,美国上市公司内部控制信息披露方式由自愿性披露转变为强制性披露。而在2008年我国五部委联合发布的《企业内部控制基本规范》标志着我国上市公司内部控制信息也开始向强制性披露方式转变。论文试图用经济学的公平与效率理论分析内部控制信息由自愿性披露方式转变为强制性披露方式背后的原因,经过分析发现披露方式的转变是促进资本市场效率向保障资本市场公平的转变。     

上市公司自愿性披露信息问题研究

自愿性披露信息是对强制性披露信息的补充和深化,其对提高公司信息披露质量,揭示公司价值具有重要作用。本文试图为上市公司自愿性披露信息行为动因给出理论解释,并在分析我国自愿性披露信息的现状和产生原因的基础上,提出强化自愿性披露信息的建议,以期为上市公司自愿性披露信息研究提供参考。