跨境电商综合试验区与外贸高质量发展——基于双重差分法的实证分析

近年来,跨境电商迅速发展,逐渐成为外贸发展的新动能、新业态。基于广东21个已设跨境电商综合试验区地市,选取2005—2020年面板数据,利用双重差分法分析设立跨境电商综合实验区对广东外贸产生的影响,并就跨境电商综合实验区的政策效应进行评价。研究发现,设立跨境电商综合实验区显著促进广东外贸发展,政策效应明显;对外开放程度、工业化水平、产业结构升级均有助于广东外贸显著增长,是跨境电商综合试验区推动外贸高质量发展的重要路径;异质性分析表明,跨境电商综合实验区对低外贸依存度样本组出口贸易的政策促进效应更显著,高外贸依存度样本组的贸易政策效应则不显著。最后,针对研究结论提出行之有效的对策建议。     

中小企业发展跨境电商研究

文章从跨境电商有效缩短了贸易流通的环节,跨境电商的贸易模式有效的增加了企业的盈利能力和中小企业参与外贸机会变得越来越容易等三个方面分析了跨境电商对中小企业发展的益处,然后从物流、产品、人才和定位等四个方面分析研究我国中小企业跨境电商发展遇到的难题,最后提出了中小企业开展跨境电商业务采取的措施,旨在为我国中小企业发展跨境电商业务提供有益借鉴。     

跨境电商产品页面价值特性对消费者购买意愿的影响

明确吸引消费者的跨境电商产品页面内容的价值特性,有利于跨境电商企业优化其品牌产品页面内容,并以此提高消费者购买意愿。结合质性研究方法与结构方程模型,构建跨境电商产品页面价值特性对消费者购买意愿影响的概念模型。研究发现：好的跨境电商产品页面价值特性会使消费者产生在线品牌融入行为;跨境电商产品页面价值特性影响消费者购买意愿,在线品牌融入在跨境电商产品页面价值特性和消费者购买意愿之间发挥中介作用。为提升跨境电商场景下消费者购买意愿,跨境电商企业应重视产品页面价值开发,通过提升产品页面的信息价值、娱乐价值、互动价值与体验价值,提升消费者使用体验;还应关注消费者在线品牌融入,通过提升消费者价值感知与积极情绪,刺激消费者购买意愿。     

文化创意赋能跨境电商出口品牌化策略研究

近些年,跨境电商新业态发展迅速,但以中小企业为主的跨境电商企业在做大做强时出现品牌化能力弱的情况。随着"一带一路"倡议的开展,我国先进文化越来越被国外人民认可和喜欢,把文化创意应用于跨境电商品牌化过程,可提升我国跨境电商企业的品牌建设能力。本文分析了把文化创意应用与于跨境电商品牌化建设的困境,提出跨境电商企业可从注重知识产权、利用新媒体宣扬文化、克服文化距离、联合消费者创新和组建创新联盟等方面来提升跨境电商品牌塑造能力。     

跨境电商助力企业转型升级效应研究

跨境电商有助于企业扩展国际化路径，加速全球生产、分工环节的重新整合，为企业转型升级提供新动能。文章以我国253家出口型制造企业调研数据作为样本，通过建立中介效应模型，对跨境电商助力企业转型升级的驱动效应和影响机制进行探究。研究结果表明，跨境电商对企业转型升级有着显著的驱动效应；进一步的影响机制检验显示，增加研发投入和提升品牌效应是跨境电商促进企业升级的主要渠道。根据研究结论，文章提出政府应加大对跨境电商宣传和支持力度、优化电商生态环境、支持企业研发创新与品牌创造，从而进一步促进企业参与跨境电商，助力企业转型升级。     

中小企业参与西部民族地区乡村振兴意愿的影响因素——基于有序Logistic-ISM模型分析

为了提高西部民族地区中小企业参与乡村振兴的积极性，从理论上厘清西部民族地区中小企业参与乡村振兴意愿的影响机制，文章基于参与西部民族地区乡村发展的中小企业有效问卷，通过有序Logistic回归模型分析中小企业参与乡村振兴意愿的影响因素，并采用解释结构模型（ISM）深入探讨各影响因素的内在逻辑关系与层次结构。实证发现：政策支持、外部资金、企业实力、农户素质、利益联结、企业开办年限、主要产品和发展阶段显著正向影响中小企业参与乡村振兴意愿，而企业类型显著负向影响中小企业参与乡村振兴意愿；政策支持、外部资金、企业实力、农户素质和利益联结是影响中小企业意愿的直接因素，而开办年限、主要产品、发展阶段和企业类型是其深层影响因素。基于此，为提高中小企业参与乡村振兴意愿提出针对性建议。     

跨境电子商务与生产性服务业集聚

跨境电子商务是推动中国对外贸易高质量发展、促进产业转型升级的重要推手。本文利用2003-2019年中国284个地级市面板数据，基于跨境电商综合试验区的准自然实验，运用双重差分法考察跨境电商对生产性服务业集聚的影响。研究发现，跨境电商能显著提高生产性服务业专业化集聚水平，推动地区产业优化升级，但抑制了多样化集聚。政策效应随时间推移而逐渐增强，对以信息传输、软件和信息技术服务业为代表的高端生产性服务业影响更明显；中西部城市、欠发达地区和中小城市政策效应更显著。此外，跨境电商能加快地区信息化水平建设，扩大进出口贸易增长，提升城市创新水平，从而促进生产性服务业专业化集聚和产业优化升级。本文为跨境电商推动生产性服务业集聚创新，促进地区间生产性服务业协调发展提供了经验证据。     

基于fsQCA方法的江西省跨境电商发展政策研究

随着生产全球化的发展及跨国公司的全球性扩张,从跨境电商"9710"新模式开单到跨境电商国际快递补贴政策的印发,中国跨境电商飞速发展。结合中国跨境电商发展实际,选择货物进出口总额、人才量、货运承受能力、技术支持、电子商务企业数量、一般公共预算支出、地区生产能力等7个指标,以中国31个省域为研究对象,采用模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)方法,探究跨境电商发展各个指标之间相互作用的逻辑关系。研究发现,存在3条不同的因素组态促进地区跨境电商发展,核心指标是货物进出口总额和电子商务企业数量。因此,依据3条不同政策路径的边缘因素作用,将促进跨境电商发展的路径分为距离导向型、经济导向型和政府全面引导型,并说明各路径适应地区的特点。最后为促进江西省跨境电商进一步发展提出相应建议。     

阻碍跨境电子商务发展的因素分析及对策

随着经济全球化的进一步发展,越来越多的企业开展了跨境电商业务,使跨境电商业务成为了新时代下新的企业经营销售模式,也是企业未来发展的一个重要的趋势。虽然跨境电商业务的开展有利于企业和社会经济的发展,但在其开展的过程中存在诸多问题,阻碍了我国电商业务的发展。文章就阻碍我国跨境电商业务发展的因素进行分析,并提出一系列的相关对策,希望为我国跨境电商的发展起到一定的促进作用。     

珠海市跨境电商产业培育政策评价研究

为了研究珠海的跨境电商产业政策的效果,本文利用文本挖掘与PMC分析方法,选取珠海市跨境电商7项典型支持政策,建立13项一级指标和60项二级指标,对政策进行评价,结果显示:1项跨境电商政策评价为完美,2项评价为优秀,其余4项为可接受。就一级指标分项来看,加大资金投入、推进对外贸易发展、提高海关便利、作用对象和促进产业集聚方面表现较好,其他方面有待改进。结合珠海跨境电商政策与珠海实际情况,发现珠海在发展跨境电商方面存在四个主要问题,分别是过分注重资金投入、对跨境电商产业链认识不足、对跨境电商产业支持对象认识不清、跨境电商法律治理能力重视不够等问题,并针对上述四个问题,提出解决对策,期望为珠海跨境电商产业的进一步发展提供政策的改进与完善对策。     

Penetration and Post-infection Development of Meloidogyne Incognita on Tobacco as Treated by Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas Fluorescens Strain P-72-10

The bio-control potential of rhizospere bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens against plant-parasite nematode had been demonstrated. P. fluorescens had shown the effect to enhance tobacco resistance to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Inoculation with P. fluoreseens in tobacco could lead to significant reductions in the number of juveniles that penetrated tobacco root and further life stage development of the juveniles. The number of juveniles penetrated into tobac- co root in treatment with P. fluorescens is significantly different from CK at 2DAI, 6DAI, 8DAI and 10DAI. Significant reduction and delayed development of juveniles that penetrated into tobacco root and treated were observed in treatment at 14DAI, 21DAI, 28DAI and 35DAI. In addition, P. fluoreseens treatment leads to a significant reduction in the number of eggs per egg-mass at 35 DAI. The results show P. fluorescens induced a continuously suppression on root-knot nema- tode M. incognita throughout their entire early infection phase of root penetration, subsequent life stage development and reproduction.     

For Better or for Worse? Local Impacts of the Decentralization of Indonesia’s Forest Sector

This paper quantifies the local impacts of mechanized logging on forest-dependent communities in Indonesia, before and after decentralization. A conceptual framework incorporates financial, social, enforcement, rent-seeking, and environmental impacts. Using data from 60 communities in East Kalimantan, the empirical results suggest that significantly more households received financial and in-kind benefits after decentralization compared to before. Many communities engaged in self-enforcement activities against firms both before and after decentralization. Post-decentralization, a significantly higher proportion of households perceived community forest ownership. There were few significant differences in perceived environmental impacts. Little evidence exists of a post-decentralization trade-off between environmental and financial contractual provisions.     

以资本管理为核心的银行治理综合评价指标研究

商业银行的特殊性体现在风险性、外部性和多重治理目标上,尤其集中体现在风险管理的本质上。风险管理日益成为现代商业银行的主体活动和核心职能,资本管理成为现代商业银行风险管理的核心。在整合EVA和RAROC指标的基础上。文章构建了以资本管理为核心的银行治理的综合评价指标,以求真实反映银行经营的成果,有效衡量风险收益和风险成本的对比关系,从而反映以资本管理为核心的银行风险管理的过程、能力和效率。     

Markteintrittstiming von Telekommunikationsdiensteanbietern

Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Studie analysiert für 87 Neuprodukteinführungen (NPE) und Auslandsmarkteintritte (AME) von Telekommunikations(TK)-Diensteanbietern in Deutschland, zu denen 42 Schlüsselinformanten in einer schriftlichen Befragung Auskunft gaben, (1) inwieweit deren zeitliche Eintrittspositionierung durch Marktcharakteristika und Unternehmensressourcen erkl?rbar ist sowie (2) inwieweit und gegebenenfalls unter welchen unternehmensexternen und -internen Situationsbedingungen deren Markteintrittstiming mit dem wahrgenommenen Eintrittserfolg assoziiert ist. Ein früher Markteintritt wurde dann realisiert, wenn die Wettbewerbsintensit?t im adressierten Gesch?ft niedrig und das Budget für den Expansionsschritt überdurchschnittlich ausfielen. Zwischen dem Markteintrittstiming und der Beurteilung des Eintrittserfolgs bestand ein nicht monotoner, umgekehrt U-f?rmiger Zusammenhang: Frühe Folger wiesen signifikant bessere Erfolgswerte auf als Pioniere und sp?te Folger, deren Erfolgsniveaus nicht signifikant divergierten. In einer Industrie, die durch starke externe Netzeffekte gepr?gt ist, fallen offenbar die Nachteile eines Markteintritts als Pionier oder sp?ter Folger st?rker ins Gewicht als die Vorteile dieser beiden zeitlichen Eintrittspositionierungen. Unabh?ngig vom Markteintrittstiming wurden NPE/AME von TK-Unternehmen als erfolgreicher eingestuft, wenn sie sich in einen Markt mit stark wachsender Nachfrage und aufeinander abgestimmt (re)agierenden Wettbewerbern mit qualitativ überdurchschnittlichen, abw?rtskompatiblen, erprobbaren und wenig erkl?rungsbedürftigen TK-Diensten engagierten.      

利用膜技术回收利用碱性废水研究进展

回顾了利用膜分离技术处理碱性废水的工艺与综合利用技术所取得的丰硕成果，总结了各种治理方法的特点、适用性及发展方向。     

Taxing Times in Indonesia: The Challenge of Restoring Competitiveness and the Search for Fiscal Space

Indonesia’s economic growth picked up slightly in mid-2016 but remains below the level demanded by government and popular aspirations. Despite a plethora of reforms intended to increase efficiency and productivity, some policies are perverse and longstanding problems of implementation remain. The share of manufacturing has declined, the real exchange rate has appreciated, exports have dwindled, and growth has been trending downwards. The banking sector is stable but inefficient, with wide net interest margins and numerous barriers to competition. Trade protection, particularly in basic food commodities, has created high costs that weigh particularly heavily on the poor. Declining government revenues have placed increasing pressure on the public budget, even as the current administration aims to increase spending on infrastructure and welfare and to enhance productivity. In an effort to increase revenues, the government has announced a tax amnesty program and other measures. In addition, Sri Mulyani Indrawati, the new finance minister, has taken steps to cut non-essential expenditure in order to secure high spending on infrastructure and at the same time keep within the 3% budget deficit limit stipulated by law. Although the overall debt situation is not yet alarming, declining revenues and budget cuts that do not fully reflect this decline are putting pressure on increasing debt levels. The government’s high-profile tax amnesty program was the major policy initiative implemented in the second half of 2016 that aimed to relieve this pressure. Despite widespread criticism of, and scepticism about, the tax amnesty (both within and outside Indonesia), its first phase had a much higher participation rate than most independent accounts expected. Revenues raised so far through the amnesty are less than 60% of the official target, but this is actually a strong result for the short term. The bigger question, however, is whether the amnesty is a key element of a more encompassing strategy to overhaul the system of taxation and tax administration.     

The causes of Japan's ‘lost decade’: The role of household consumption

In this paper, I analyze the causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and find that the stagnation of investment, especially private fixed investment, was the primary culprit. I then investigate the causes of the stagnation of household consumption during the 1990s and find that the stagnation of household disposable income, the decline in household wealth, and increased uncertainty about the future are among the contributing factors. Finally, I consider whether demand side factors or supply side factors were more important as causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and conclude that the former (especially misguided government policies) were probably more important.