共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Melanie Lombard 《International journal of urban and regional research》2019,43(3):569-575
Recent attention to the phenomenon of ‘beds in sheds’—outbuildings used illegally for residential accommodation—suggests that shelter informality is increasing in the UK. Reflecting concerns about its apparent proliferation, the issue has been increasingly prominent on government and media agendas, framed in terms of illegal immigration and rogue landlordism, with policy announcements accompanied by high‐profile police and border agency raids. While little firm evidence exists on the scale, nature and causes of this type of informal shelter provision, this paper takes as its starting point the discursive construction of informality in the specific context of the UK, exploring the role of key agentic and structural factors therein. It suggests that an emphasis on agency in government and media accounts may risk obscuring the structural factors (including state policies) involved in the production of informality, as well as the interaction between agency and structure. The case of shed housing demonstrates how informality is produced by a complex interplay of structural and agentic factors characteristic of many global Northern cities, captured by the notion of ‘informality as practice’ which derives from debates focusing on Southern cities. At the same time, it shows how discourses around informality may be mobilized in the service of specifically context‐driven ideological agendas, in this case relating to immigration and welfare. 相似文献
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在日本国民的实际生活中,公营住宅为解决低收入家庭的居住问题起了不容低估的作用。在政府的主导下,日本形成了以公营住宅、公团住宅、公库住宅为三大支柱的公共住宅供应体系。政府在财政、金融和税收制度上,对公营住宅采取了相应的措施,对解决日本住宅短缺问题起到了举足轻重的作用。 相似文献
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英国住房保障政策的体系、进展与反思 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
英国是世界上最早实施政府干预住房市场的国家,早在1919年颁布的《住房和城镇规划法》中就明确规定居民住房问题为公共事务,政府对此负有义务。经过不断的摸索和改进,英国的住房保障政策从起初的政府直接供给公共住房,逐渐向政府以财政、金融等手段鼓励扶持社会化公共住房的建造与运营转变。本文对英国20世纪90年代以来的住房保障体系演变与发展现状做了介绍,并重点对扶持政策、资助项目、主管机构、融资方式等方面进行了详细阐述,以期对今后我国住房保障相关政策的研究制定有所启示。 相似文献
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Francesco Chiodelli 《International journal of urban and regional research》2019,43(3):497-516
This article deals with housing illegality/informality in Italy, where it represents an established aspect of urban development. It presents a case study focused on Desio, a town close to Milan in northern Italy. Here housing illegality occurs by virtue of the well‐established presence of a mafia‐type criminal organization (the ‘Ndrangheta). Three examples of illegal construction in Desio are analysed, forming the basis for a discussion on the distinctive features of illegal house‐building in Italy. In particular, institutional incentives encouraging illegal housing are investigated, with reference to both formal institutions (e.g. planning laws, rules preventing unauthorized housing and building amnesties) and informal institutions (e.g. organized crime). The case of illegal housing in Italy contributes significantly to the wider international debate on urban informality, highlighting the critical need for research along avenues as yet only partially explored (e.g. informal housing in Western countries and the role of criminal activities and actors in the spread of informality) and challenging some common assumptions such as the geographical dualism (‘global North’ versus ‘global South’) which, implicitly, results from the international literature. 相似文献
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Cory Parker 《International journal of urban and regional research》2020,44(2):329-348
Unsanctioned tent cities are increasing in number in cities throughout the western United States. Scholars explain the phenomenon as homeless people asserting their ‘right to the city’ or as ‘managed marginality’. These explanations capture much of the socio-political relationship between local government and homeless populations, but do not explain the long-term persistence of tent cities and the fluctuating nature of their visibility. A spatial history of informal encampments in Sacramento at three key moments—the founding of the city, the Great Depression and the Great Recession—reveals a long-term ebb and flow of tent cities occupying close-to-the-center, urban vacancies. Urban vacancies arise from the partitioning of the city into specific purposes, places and people, a taken-for-granted perception of how cities should be. The visibility of tent cities disrupts this aesthetic notion of stability and growth as homeless people use the tent to protest their isolation and exclusion. 相似文献
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土地政策和城市住房发展 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：9
本文首先分析了北京的住房市场 ,然后对住房价格的构成及其变化进行了分析 ,结合微观经济学理论 ,总结出北京市房价高的原因 ,即 ,(1)房地产开发过程中没有不变成本 ,因而没有规模经济 ;(2 )根据基准地价系统 ,容积率决定地价 ,这一方面与西方城市经济学理论相悖 ,另一方面使房地产商没有经济利益驱动 ,资源没有得到合理强度地利用。最后 ,本文提出了进一步改革的建议和对策。 相似文献
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Raquel Rolnik 《International journal of urban and regional research》2013,37(3):1058-1066
Over the last few decades we have witnessed a global U‐turn in prevailing housing and urban policy agendas, spread around the world by the driving forces of globalization and neoliberalism. The new paradigm was mainly based on the withdrawal of states from the housing sector and the implementation of policies designed to create stronger and larger market‐based housing finance models. The commodification of housing, together with the increased use of housing as an investment asset within a globalized financial market, has profoundly affected the enjoyment of the right to adequate housing. Taking the World Bank's 1993 manifesto as a starting point and the subprime crisis as its first great international flashpoint, this essay traces some key elements of the neoliberal approach to housing and its impact on the enjoyment of the right to housing in different contexts and times. The reform of housing policy — with all its components of homeownership, private property and binding financial commitments — has been central to the political and ideological strategies through which the dominance of neoliberalism is maintained. Conversely, the crisis (and its origins in the housing market) reflects the inability of market mechanisms to provide adequate and affordable housing for all. 相似文献
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Alvaro Luis Dos Santos Pereira 《International journal of urban and regional research》2017,41(4):604-622
The financialization of housing has been increasingly identified as an important driver of social and economic change in contemporary capitalism. Focusing on the Brazilian context, this article considers the extent to which recent changes in housing regulations, policies and markets confirm or challenge narratives about the financialization of housing in the international academic debate. I argue that while many of the trends stressed in the literature are apparent, more extreme processes of financialization within the Brazilian housing sector remain limited––not only because of institutional and regulatory constraints, path dependence or political resistance, but also because of fundamental structural conditions of Brazil's position as a peripheral economy. Three different but mutually reinforcing processes are scrutinized in order to evaluate the financialization of housing and its limits in Brazil: the re‐regulation of the real estate financial sector initiated in the 1990s; the changing funding patterns among real estate companies since the mid‐2000s; and the increasing commodification of housing induced by a large‐scale and heavily subsidized housing program launched in 2009. 相似文献
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公共住房问题对于研究和理解社会问题具有重要的意义。本文从社会分层理论的视角,探析我国公共住房政策存在的问题,结合我国的特殊国情提出了一些切实可行的解决措施。 相似文献
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本文在概述我国和北京市的公共住房政策之后,主要运用3E理论对北京市经济适用住房政策的经济（Economics）、效率（Efficiency）和效果（Effectiveness）进行评估。通过量化分析和对比分析,认为北京市经济适用房存在房价收入比过高、供给需求失衡和目标群体不明确三大问题,需要一一进行解决。 相似文献
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居民住房政策偏好是住房政策设计与调整的依据,会受到客观和主观层面的因素影响。本文基于一项全国问卷调查数据,从客观和主观层面对城镇居民住房政策偏好影响因素的研究表明,客观层面的个人年收入水平、主观层面的房价满意度等因素都会对住房政策偏好产生影响。个人年收入水平越高,就越认为应当对房价进行干预;对房价的接受程度越高,就越不倾向于支持对房价进行干预。如果将房价偏高归因于监管不力,就越认为应当干预房价;如果将房价偏高归因于炒房,就越会支持对房价进行干预。如果对于房价的接受程度越高,就越不认为政府应当提供保障性住房。如果将房价上涨归因于土地政策不合理,就更为支持提供保障性住房;如果将房价偏高归因于政府监管不力,就越会支持提供保障性住房。相关发现对于住房政策的调整具有积极借鉴意义。 相似文献
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Anne Vogelpohl Tino Buchholz 《International journal of urban and regional research》2017,41(2):266-281
Hamburg currently exemplifies the departure from a straightforward neoliberal urban track. The city's neoliberal path only moved into full swing in the first decade of the 2000s. During this period, urban development was primarily subject to property market mechanisms—with projects being granted to the highest bidder—prompting effects such as rapidly rising rents, deepened social segregation and increased property‐led displacement. Since 2009, however, the city's entrepreneurial urban policy encountered comprehensive resistance movements that eventually led to the rediscovery of a political will for a new housing policy and interventionist policy instruments. This article focuses on the turning point of neoliberal policies and examines the wider scope of the contemporary urban agenda in Hamburg. We first conceptualize potential limits of the neoliberal city in general and then discuss three momentous local policy experiments—the International Building Exhibition, promising ‘improvement without displacement'; the rediscovery of housing regulations through the ‘Social Preservation Statute'; and the ‘Alliance for Housing', aiming to tackle the housing shortage. We discuss these approaches as funding, regulation, and actor‐based approaches to limiting the neoliberal city. 相似文献
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针对2008由房产次贷危机所引发的金融海啸以及随即而来的连续三年的房价上涨,本文探讨了我国金融货币政策对房价的调整效应和影响作用。 相似文献
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在研究住房保障政策绩效评价内涵的基础上,从3E的角度设计评价指标,构建了基于熵值赋权和综合指数评价法的综合评价模型。选取南京、无锡和扬州三个城市进行实证分析,得出政策评价结论并提出对策建议。 相似文献
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本文从西方国家住房政策的演变脉络,简述了政府赋予能力思想出现的社会经济背景.基于我国旧城改造中的问题、旧城区的特点与社会发展目标,作者认为在市场经济条件下,通过国家提供与市场提供两种方式都不能理想地实现旧城改造的目的,而实施政府赋予能力政策应是旧城改造的一条新思路. 相似文献