银企共解中小企业融资难可行性途径研究——基于中小企业市场化资信机制下的专项扶持模式探讨

中小企业融资难在世界各国都很普遍，但由于其在GDP增长、就业问题及技术进步等方面不可替代的地位，世界各国政府都给予高度关注。长期以来，我国政府与社会各界对中小企业融资难的问题一直非常关注，尤其在研究银行等金融机构的支持力度上的争论也颇多，但融资“瓶颈”问题一直未能得到实质解决。在当前复杂的国内外形势下，探索中小企业专项型融资渠道，建立资金融通安全管理与监控机制，对促进社会稳定与国民经济增长的作用，显示出紧迫性。该文从中央与地方政府、金融机构与管理机构及社会各界三方面，探讨如何破解中小企业融资难问题，力求探索出可行性途径。     

对安徽省中小企业融资问题的思考

中小企业在国民经济中占据着极其重要的地位,是促进就业、推动社会经济发展的重要力量。但许多中小企业由于自身积累较少、规模较小、抗风险能力弱等原因,很难得到银行等部门的资金支持,资金问题已成为制约中小企业发展的"瓶颈"。本文对安徽中小企业融资难现状进行分析,找出主要问题所在,并探讨化解中小企业融资难的有效途径。结论是只有政府,金融系统,企业自身相互配合、共同努力,实行综合治理,才能解决好中小企业融资难的问题,进而使我国经济得到长期稳定持续发展。     

科技中小企业融资困境与对策研究

科技型中小企业对于促进我国国民经济的发展有非常重要的作用,但是随着经济的发展,科技型中小企业在发展中的一些问题也逐渐显现出来,其中最为突出的就是融资问题。由于科技中小企业面临直接融资渠道过少,间接融资渠道过窄,政策性融资渠道的效果不明显等诸多问题,政府应制定相关的优惠政策,加强金融中介服务体系建设,建立完善的资本市场体系,促进银行体系的构建。     

物流金融下我国中小企业融资新渠道

中小企业在我国经济发展中的作用现在已为社会各方所关注,在当前我国信贷紧缩的背景下,中小企业更是步履维艰。第三方物流业与金融业相结合推出的物流金融业务,能更有针对性地解决部分中小企业的融资难问题,尤其是满足在生产或销售上季节性较强的企业的短期融资需求。文中从我国中小企业目前的融资团境出发,提出物流金融能有效地解决中小企业短期融资难题,并有针对性地对中小企业利用物流金融融资提出建议。     

科技型中小企业融资困境及金融支持政策研究

当前,我国科技型中小企业普遍面临着融资困境,究其原因,市场失灵和政府失灵是导致当前我国科技型中小企业陷入融资困境的主要原因,而银企信息不对称以及科技型中小企业信号发送障碍是导致科技型中小企业信贷市场失灵的关键,政府在金融市场体系建设过程中的职能错位是导致政府失灵的根源。因此,要降低银企之间的信息不对称程度和更好地发挥政府职能,应该大力发展关系型贷款、积极尝试互联网股权众筹融资、完善信用担保体系、完善知识产权和企业经营管理权“权”压融资服务体系、发行知识产权金融支持证券、成立政策性科技银行、发展小额贷款担保公司和区域性中小商业银行等,以缓解科技型中小企业的融资困境。     

中小企业债务融资与公司价值关系研究——基于中小板上市公司的实证研究

中小企业在我国经济社会发展中具有重要的战略地位,但是融资难问题却一直制约着中小企业的发展。文章以2010年到2012年我国中小企业板上市公司的数据为研究依据,进行实证检验,分析我国中小企业债务融资与企业价值的关系。研究发现,中小企业的债务融资与企业价值有着显著的正相关关系,尤其是银行借款融资对企业价值起到了积极的作用。因此,我国中小企业应该增加债务融资,尤其是增加银行借款融资的比重。所以,解决中小企业融资难、贷款难的问题刻不容缓。这篇文章旨在为我国中小企业进行融资以及政府的扶持提供具有一定参考价值的数据支持。     

Social expenditure cyclicality: New time-varying evidence in developing economies

This paper provides a novel dataset of time-varying measures of cyclicality in social spending for an unbalanced panel of forty-five developing economies from 1982 to 2012. We focus on four categories of government social expenditure: health, social protection, pensions, and education. We find that in developing countries social spending has been acyclical over time, with the exception of spending on pensions. However, sample averages hide marked heterogeneity across countries, with many individually showing procyclical behavior in different social spending categories. The use of time-varying measures of social spending cyclicality overcomes the major limitation of previous studies in assessing the drivers of fiscal cyclicality that rely solely on cross-country regressions and, therefore, cannot account for country-specific as well as global factors. Using weighted least squares regressions, we find that the degree of social spending (pro)cyclicality is negatively associated with financial deepening, the level of economic development, trade openness, government size, and political constraints on the executive.     

中小企业信贷融资约束及其对策研究——从制度性约束和信息不对称视角考察

中小企业迅速发展已成为我国经济社会发展的重要推动力。然而,中小企业发展的最大障碍问题仍然是"融资难"。本文借助于"金融缺口"理论考察中小企业信贷约束困境,并从制度性约束和信息不对称视角,深层分析了信贷约束的原因,为化解我国中小企业信贷约束,应从融资制度安排上进行重点设计。     

Default rates in the loan market for SMEs: Evidence from Slovakia

Financial markets in emerging economies are often perceived as more risky than those in developed countries. We investigate whether this is true for loans to SMEs using a unique unbalanced panel of nearly 700 loans made to SMEs in Slovakia between 2000 and 2005. Several probit and panel probit models show that liquidity and profitability factors are important determinants of SME defaults. Moreover, we find that indebtedness significantly increases the probability of default. Liability as proxied by the legal form of SMEs has important incentive effects. Finally, there exist significant differences between sectors. We show that default rates and factors converged to values found in developed financial markets.     

中小企业信贷融资约束及其对策研究——从制度性约束和信息不对称视角考察

中小企业迅速发展已成为我国经济社会发展的重要推动力。然而,中小企业发展的最大障碍问题仍然是融资难。本文借助于金融缺口理论考察中小企业信贷约束困境,并从制度性约束和信息不对称视角,深层分析了信贷约束的原因,为化解我国中小企业信贷约束,应从融资制度安排上进行重点设计。     

浙江省中小企业信息披露质量与股权融资实证分析

中小企业融资难在融资景气指数下降的环境下更显突出。本文以2010年中小企业板块的浙江公司为样本,研究其信息披露质量与股权融资成本间的关系,采用剩余收益模型计算股权融资成本,通过多元回归证明,中小企业信息披露质量对其股权融资成本同样会产生正面影响,基此提出了应对建议。     

浅谈大庆高新区如何推动银行业和非银行金融机构快速发展

采用强化政策支持、引导金融创新的措施促进高新区银行业快速发展,实施"速贷通"工程提高商业银行对中小企业支持力度,更加充分发挥银行主渠道融资功能,推动高新区银行业快速发展。充分发挥政府的引导作用,引导非银行金融机构快速发展,缓解中小企业"融资难"问题。     

信息不对称与中小企业融资问题

中小企业在我国已成为国民经济的重要组成部分。但是,随着商业银行加强对贷款风险的控制,普遍实行担保和抵押制,中小企业融资难问题日益突出。造成这一矛盾的根本原因在于中小企业与金融机构之间严重的信息不对称,中小企业由于自身信誉差、信息内部化,银行不能准确判断筹资者真实情况而惜贷。解决的根本途径在于全社会健全信用系统,促使中小企业树立诚信观念,提高资金使用效益,还贷守信。同时,还需要政府、金融机构共同努力协作,成立中小企业管理机构,建立中小企业发展基金,完善专门的贷款担保机构,有效解决信息不对称问题,改善中小企业融资环境。     

江西融资租赁业发展态势分析及对策

在西方发达国家,融资租赁是仅次于银行放贷的第二大融资方式。在全国融资租赁行业如火如荼发展的新阶段,为更好地发挥融资租赁的功能,全面实施江西省"十二五"战略规划,为鄱阳湖生态经济区建设等省内重点工程、重点项目搭建资金平台,有效解决省内中小企业融资难问题,促进江西省地方经济的发展,本文提出应学习借鉴成功经验,在观念转变、加强组织领导、政策扶持和完善租赁物权管理等方面,加快江西融资租赁行业的发展。     

浅析我国中小企业融资

改革开放以来,中小企业在我国快速发展,在解决就业、稳定社会、保障民生、促进经济又好又快发展等方面发挥了重要作用。然而,由于中小企业自身抵御风险能力较低和生产经营不规范等原因一直面临着融资难问题。本文分析了中小企业融资现状和制约因素,并提出了解决我国中小企业融资问题的措施。     

Does the Composition of Government Expenditure Matter for Long‐Run GDP Levels?

We examine the long‐run GDP impacts of changes in total government expenditure and in the shares of different spending categories for a sample of OECD countries since the 1970s, taking account of methods of financing expenditure changes and possible endogenous relationships. We provide more systematic empirical evidence than available hitherto for OECD countries, obtaining strong evidence that reallocating total spending towards infrastructure and education is positive for long‐run output levels. Reallocating spending towards social welfare (and away from all other expenditure categories pro‐rata) may be associated with modest negative effects on output in the long run.     

The Debt/Equity Swap in Latin America– In Whose Interest?

This paper presents the basic analytics of a debt/equity swap and illustrates the concept with a detailed example of American Express Bank's swap transactions that began in 1986 and have resulted in construction of seven hotels in Mexico during the course of the swap agreement. The economics of the swap are presented from the lending bank's view, from the foreign direct investor's view, and from the borrowing country's view. It is concluded that: swaps offer net benefits to the borrower country when additional investment is generated (from the swap transaction itself and/or from encouraging further investment as a result of the swap policy); they offer net benefits to the lender when future loan servicing prospects are poor and viable investment opportunities exist; and they offer net benefits to the direct investor when the cost of financing the investment through the swap is less than for alternative financing sources.
The analytical framework presented here allows the bank lender to formally compare alternatives of holding impaired LDC loans on its books, selling the loans in the secondary market, trading the loans for loans from another country, and swapping the loans for equity investments in the borrowing country. It similarly allows the government policymaker to compare the relevant economic costs and benefits of swaps, so that better swap policies can be developed.     

中小企业融资瓶颈及对策分析

中小企业融资难是世界级难题,为此我国政府应该力求信贷改革;同时中小企业也要优化融资环境,提高信用等级,拓宽融资渠道,募集更多的资金。     

Firm financing and growth in the Arab region

This paper documents how firms in Arab countries use equity, corporate bond and syndicated loan markets to obtain financing and grow. Working with a new dataset on issuance activity in domestic and international markets and firm performance, the paper finds that capital raising through these markets has grown rapidly since the early 1990s and involved an increasing number of firms. Whereas the amounts raised in equity and loan markets (relative to gross domestic product) stand well relative to international standards, bond issuance activity lags behind. However, bond financing has gained importance over time. Equity issuances take place primarily in domestic markets, whereas bonds and loans are mostly issued internationally, display long maturities and entail low levels of credit risk. Issuing firms from the Arab region are very large compared to international standards. They also tend to be larger, faster growing and more leveraged than non-issuing firms in Arab countries.     

浅析金融危机下中小企业融资问题

长期以来,融资难一直是制约我国中小企业发展的"瓶颈"。全球性的金融危机波及了中国,使我国许多中小企业因材料涨价、人工成本提高、人民币大幅升值、融资难等问题而纷纷倒闭,如何帮助中小企业度过这次难关,关键问题就是破解企业的融资问题。本文针对中小企业融资难的现状及成因分析,提出了中小企业融资困境的新思路。