Attracting Chinese Foreign Direct Investment to Small,Developed Economies: The Case of Ireland

In response to the unparalleled growth in foreign direct investment (FDI) from China in recent years, we present a multilevel, in‐depth analysis of Chinese investment in Ireland using semi‐structured interviews and case studies. Our findings suggest that while Chinese FDI can be explained to an extent through classical theories of FDI, such investment is unconventional in many regards and thus requires the extension of established theories. We also find that factors above and beyond those that apply to traditional sources of investment are at play in the case of China, including the presence of host‐country clusters, the strength of intergovernmental relations, and the degree of alignment between China's development priorities and the host. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Emerging Profiles of Polish Outward Foreign Direct Investment

In this study, the authors identify the emerging profiles of Poland's outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) at the macro- and micro-levels and propose relevant policy measures. They also set up a theoretical framework for further investigation of the identified trends and patterns. Both types of analysis—macro and micro—point to a regional focus of Poland's OFDI on Europe and to a sectoral concentration on services, followed by manufacturing. At the same time, the micro-analysis reveals a dominant role of a few largest Polish multinationals in the country's OFDI.     

财政政策不确定性与对外直接投资

基于Huang和Luk构建的财政政策不确定性指数,本文采用2003～2018年中国与88个国家的面板数据检验了财政政策不确定性与对外直接投资(OFDI)的相关关系.结果显示:(1)中国财政政策不确定性对OFDI有显著正向影响;(2)金融危机前,中国财政政策不确定性对OFDI呈现出显著抑制作用,危机后呈现出显著促进作用;(3)相比发展中国家,中国财政政策不确定性对在发达国家的OFDI促进作用更大,且OFDI在发达国家更关注经济增长速度,在发展中国家更关注能源禀赋和制度稳定因素.这一研究结果为探索中国OFDI飞速发展提供了新的研究视角,也启示中国政府应尽可能保证财政政策的稳定性与持续性,防止因规避国内财政政策不确定性风险造成盲目对外投资,同时还需对不同地区的OFDI进行差异化引导,提升中国OFDI的质量.     

Increasing Sub-Saharan Africa's Share of Foreign Direct Investment: Public Policy Challenges,Strategies, and Implications

In this article, the author describes anecdotal predictors of foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows, which include key indicators of development, governance variables, information infrastructure, and business environment. He also presents the public policy challenges of increasing FDI to Sub-Saharan Africa. Using Porter's 1990 Porter , M. E. ( 1990 ). The competitive advantage of nations . New York : The Free Press .[Crossref] , [Google Scholar] framework of competitive advantage of nations as a backdrop, specific strategies to increase FDI inflows with their implications are offered. Among the suggested strategies and implications are using the “principle of clustering” where demand conditions are favorable, looking outside the traditional inflows of FDI to Africa, establishing carefully monitored export processing zones, expanding regional trading arrangements, working together to change the negative perceptions of the region, and reducing corruption. The article ends with a conclusion and discussion.     

The Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in Transition Economies: A Meta‐analysis

In this paper, we conduct a meta‐analysis of studies that empirically examine the relationship between economic transformation and foreign direct investment (FDI) performance in Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union over the past quarter century. More specifically, we synthesise the empirical evidence reported in previous studies that deal with the determinants of FDI in transition economies, focusing on the impacts of transition factors. We also perform meta‐regression analysis to specify determinant factors of the heterogeneity among the relevant studies and the presence of publication‐selection bias. We find that the existing literature reports a statistically significant non‐zero effect as a whole, and a genuine effect is confirmed for some FDI determinants beyond the publication‐selection bias.     

对外直接投资、外部经济与高新技术产业集群

外部经济导致高新技术产业以集群方式发展 ,集群是集群单元、集群模式和集群环境构成的开放式系统 ,有其自身的生命周期 ,对外直接投资作为当前国际经济联系最重要的工具对高新技术产业集群有全面而深刻的影响。     

Foreign Direct Investment in Sub-Saharan Africa: Motivating Factors and Policy Issues

Sub-Saharan Africa's (SSA) foreign direct investment (FDI) share has persistently averaged 1% of global flows. The location decision and perceptions of investors are therefore instructive for policy making. This article factor analyses a survey of perceptions, operations, and motivations of 758 foreign investors in 10 SSA countries. We find that the provision of transaction cost–reducing information on industries and markets and utility services to investors before and after a firm's FDI decision are significant factors. FDI location decision in SSA is influenced strongly by political economy considerations. Labor and production input variables are not influential.     

Growth Effect of Foreign Direct Investment in Developing Economies: The Role of Institutional Quality

This paper investigates the effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) on economic growth conditional on the institutional quality of host countries. We first develop several theoretical arguments to show that institutional heterogeneity may be an explanation for the mixed results of previous empirical studies. Second, using a panel smooth regression model on a large sample of developing countries, we show that FDI has a positive effect on growth only beyond a certain threshold of institutional quality. To benefit from FDI‐led growth, institutional reforms should thus precede FDI attraction policies. Additionally, some reforms seem to promote faster marginal effects of FDI, while institutional complementarities may lead to an incremental effect on growth.     

外商直接投资、贸易条件与政策选择

改革开放以来,我国吸引的外商直接投资(FDI)一直呈逐年上升趋势,外资企业进出口占我国对外贸易的比重也呈上升趋势,而我国的价格贸易条件则呈现下降的趋势。本文借助外商直接投资的主体——外商投资企业的进出口与价格贸易条件进行实证分析,提出我国对外商投资的政策应从"招商引资"转变为"招商选资"。     

Foreign Direct Investment in Hungary

Abstract

When in 1989 the markets in Central and Eastern Europe opened, western firms were quick to move in. Hungary treated foreign firms equal to domestic ones in the privatization process. It attracted most foreign direct investment in the region. Now, other countries are likely to follow the Hungarian path and allow foreign firms to take over domestic firms. This contribution discusses the experience of six Dutch multinational firms in Hungary and discusses whether these can be useful for expansion into other countries in the region. The results indicate that firms easily underestimate the cost of reconstructing acquired enterprises and that building a market position is more expensive than anticipated.     

Foreign Direct Investment in China

Summary

China has attracted the second largest amount of foreign direct investment in the world each year since 1993. Hundreds of thousands of foreign-invested enterprises are in operation in China. However, what drive the success or cause the failure of foreign investments is still not well understood. This paper critically examines one success factor, i.e., the importance of timing of marketing entry into China. It begins with a brief review of the literature on first-mover advantages and the recent empirical research. It then attempts to theorize on why timing of market entry matters in the context of foreign direct investment. Apart from drawing upon the four recent studies in this area, this paper focuses on the auto industry in China and the case of Volkswagen to illustrate the importance of early entry into an overseas market. It calls for foreign investors to seize the first-wave opportunities when the door is opened a certain sector. It pays in the long run both in terms of the market share position and profitability.     

Ireland's Foreign Direct Investment Competitive Advantage and Japanese Outward Foreign Direct Investment

This article addresses Ireland's record in attracting foreign direct investment (FDI). FDI has been identified as one of the key factors that has spurred the growth of the Celtic Tiger. An adaptation of Porter's Diamond is offered to explain the determinants of Ireland's competitive advantage in attracting FDI. The overall trends in FDI inflows to Ireland are considered. The study then focuses on Japanese FDI into Europe and Ireland in particular. The pattern of Japanese FDI flows into Ireland is analysed in the context of Ireland's determinants of FDI competitive advantage. Future considerations around Ireland's model of competitive advantage are addressed.     

Does Real Exchange Rate Volatility Affect Foreign Direct Investment? Evidence from Four Developed Economies

This study examines the impact of shocks to exchange rate uncertainty (volatility) on foreign direct investment (FDI) in Canada, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The analysis is conducted using vector autoregressive models that contain the price level, real output, the real exchange rate, the volatility of the real exchange rate, the interest rate, and FDI. The results from variance decompositions yield public policy implications. In Canada, Japan, and the United States, innovations to exchange rate uncertainty explain significant portions of the forecast error variance in FDI at longer time horizons. The impulse response functions indicate that, to the extent that shocks to exchange rate volatility have an impact on FDI, the impact is positive and takes place with a lag.     

论我国对外直接投资的产业选择

我国入世后,在继续做好引进外资的同时,要不失时机地实施“走出去”战略,正确选择我国对外直接投资的产业,参与国际分工,发展所需的稀缺生产要素,转移国内剩余生产能力,促进产业结构升级。     

Foreign Direct Investment in Central America

Summary

Foreign Direct Investment has gone through three distinct phases in Central American history. First, it was mainly in the form of agricultural development during the agricultural export-led growth era. The import-substitution era saw manufacturing enter as well. The non-traditional export promotion strategy currently in place attracts firms seeking to use the region as a platform for exporting outside the region. Modern FDI generates greater linkages with the rest of the economy than in the past. However, remittance of profits is still large and problematic.     

外资并购:国际直接投资的双刃剑

本文认为,外资并购已经成为国际直接投资的一种主要方式.近年来我国外资并购呈逐年上升态势,在给我国带来先进管理经验和技术的同时,也出现了很多问题,对我国经济产生了负面影响.如外资并购容易形成垄断和控制,大幅度裁员影响社会稳定,相关法规建设严重滞后且缺乏可操作性,国有资产流失严重,对外资进入具体行业的程度规定还不够明确,在反垄断审查中缺乏权威的数据支持等.文章提出,我国政府应重新架构相关的法律法规体系,明确外资并购可以进入行业或领域的具体程度,完善资本市场和产权交易市场,建立并购经济信息网络、分析体系及外资并购国有企业的监管协调机制,注意运用我国市场潜在的优势,尽量在并购中获得较高比例的控股权,进一步明确政策导向,吸引外资并购西部国有企业,同时,鼓励我国企业"走出去",到国外进行投资和并购.     

绿色区位导向性政策与外商直接投资:来自国家生态工业示范园区的证据

本文利用199个地级及以上城市2005—2014年的数据,采用渐进双重差分方法实证检验了创建国家生态工业示范园区对外商直接投资的影响。研究结果表明:国家生态工业示范园区的设立对外商直接投资的各项指标均具有显著且稳健的负向影响,该效应的大小在城市行政等级、城市经济地位和城市所在区域等层面存在差异;国家生态工业示范园区的创建显著提高了城市的环境规制水平,导致了外商直接投资的跨城市转移;国家生态工业示范园区的创建还提高了城市科研投入和绿色创新水平,表明这一绿色区位导向性政策在吸引高技术清洁型外商直接投资方面具有较大潜力。