Variations in housing satisfaction and health status in four lower socio-economic housing typologies in the eThekwini Municipality in KwaZulu-Natal

A study was done in the Durban Area, South Africa amongst residents (n?=?300) of four lower socio-economic housing typologies: Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) houses, informal settlements (IS), traditional rural houses (TR) and inner-city apartments (IC). Respondents living in IC were most satisfied with their dwellings, those living in RDP houses and in IS were the least satisfied. People living in the IC perceived their health best, while those living in IS perceived it as worst. Major reasons for dissatisfaction with housing were pest infestation in their dwelling in the past 12 months, inadequate toilet facilities, high temperature, unclean neighbourhood, poor ventilation and dust. Pest infestation and poor ventilation were mentioned most frequently by flat dwellers whilst RDP, IS and TR households complained about inadequate toilet facilities. For many people living in low socio-economic housing, both housing and service provision remain inadequate.     

Income inequality and access to housing: Evidence from China

Economic theory suggests that income inequality predicts housing price and housing affordability for low-income households. Employing Chinese urban household survey data, this paper examines empirically the relationship between income inequality and access to housing for urban low-income households. The empirical results demonstrate that higher income inequality within cities is significantly related to a higher housing cost burden, a smaller per capita living space, and lower housing quality for low-income households. Further studies demonstrate that the negative impacts of income inequality could be moderated by product differentiation in housing markets, as a higher degree of differentiation in the size of housing units corresponds to a smaller effect of income inequality on housing affordability.     

Housing Attribute Preferences in a Northern Mexico Metropolitan Economy

Studies of the valuation of housing attributes have been conducted for numerous metropolitan markets. Empirical analyses of this nature for cities in Latin America and Mexico are less common. This study utilizes data for 175 new houses in Ciudad Juarez, a major metropolitan economy in northern Mexico, to estimate a hedonic pricing model. All units in the sample were completed and sold between November 2006 and April 2007. For each house, a total of 14 characteristics relating to structure and location are employed as explanatory variables. Estimation results indicate that the structural characteristics play bigger roles than the neighborhood amenities. Surprisingly, neighborhood parks are found to lower housing values.      

Beyond Income: What Else Predicts Very Low Food Security Among Children?

We examine characteristics and correlates of households in the United States that are most likely to have children at risk of inadequate nutrition—those that report very low food security (VLFS) among their children. Using 11 years of the Current Population Survey, plus data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we describe these households in great detail with the goal of trying to understand how these households differ from households without such severe food insecurity. While household income certainly plays an important role in determining VLFS among children, we find that even after flexibly controlling for income‐to‐poverty rates some household characteristics and patterns of program participation have important additional explanatory power. Finally, our examination of the NHANES data suggests an important role for both mental and physical health of adults in the household in determining the food security status of children.     

Trends in the housing status of black americans across selected metropolitan areas

This article examines housing data for a set of metropolitan areas and their central cities, and explores the major issues that arise when considering the impacts by race of federal housing assistance programs. Housing market conditions and characteristics vary widely by race across the areas covered-Birmingham, AL; Buffalo, NY; Cleveland, OH; Indianapolis, IN; Memphis, TN; Milwaukee, WI; Newport News, VA; Oklahoma City, OK; Providence, RI; Salt Lake City, UT; and San Jose, CA. Issues related to racial impacts of federal housing assistance emanate from two major policy goals-to help low-income households and to provide equal housing opportunity.     

The Impact of Housing Prices on Health in the United States Before,During, and After the Great Recession

We estimate the effects of U.S. Metropolitan Statistical Area housing prices on a variety of health outcomes and health-related behaviors separately for homeowners and tenants. The constructed data set consists of information on individuals from the 2002–2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System combined with homeownership data from the March Current Population Survey and housing prices from Freddie Mac. We estimate positive effects on homeowners' mental health when housing prices increase. We also find negative effects on tenants' health and health-related behaviors with increases in housing prices. These estimated contemporaneous effects are concentrated among low-income homeowners and tenants, and the effects for tenants are not persistent in the long run. However, the cumulative effects of an increase in housing prices on obesity become more pronounced for homeowners in the long run, resulting in worse self-reported health.     

广州市中低收入群体的住房消费保障——基于公共住房政策的国际比较与借鉴

保障性住房是实现中低收入群体"住有所居"的唯一途径,其有效推进有赖于公共住房政策的充分实施与完善。然而,当前的公共住房政策在具体实践中由于固有的缺陷与不足而遭遇瓶颈与低效。本文通过对国际上发达国家的住房公共政策进行比较,以期广州市在住房公共政策的实施中对其有所借鉴并进一步完善,从而实现广州市中低收入群体基本的居住权利。     

Recent changes in the housing status of blacks in los angeles

In the aftermath of reductions in federal housing assistance programs during the 1980s, many cities are experiencing severe shortages of affordable housing. It is particularly difficult for low income and minority households to find and maintain adequate, low-cost housing. This article describes how Los Angeles has responded to this need through implementation of a particular housing policy and financing strategy. It specifically examines what impacts this program has had in producing affordable housing in the city’s low-income, minority neighborhoods. Recommendations for further public action on housing needs in Los Angeles are also offered.     

新疆吐鲁番地区城镇低收入群体生活状况、面临的困难及对策建议

为了解当前吐鲁番地区城镇低收入群体的生活状况,国家统计局吐鲁番调查队根据全地区城镇住户抽样调查资料,结合居民消费价格(CPI)监测资料,对2010年吐鲁番地区低收入居民家庭收入、消费、住房、医疗、教育、就业等方面问题进行了实地调研分析,研究物价上涨对低收入群体生活的影响程度,社会保障水平是否完善等问题,最后提出了一些提高吐鲁番地区城镇低收入群体生活水平的建议。     

Identifying income heterogeneity determinants using the method of moments quantile regression

Prior studies have typically concentrated on poverty status to determine anti-poverty measures; however, this approach cannot sufficiently detect income heterogeneity. This study employs quantile regression for panel data to investigate the Korean Labour and Income Panel Study 2003–2020. Moreover, it adopts both household- and community-level variables and separates demographic groups as working-age and older adults, considering Korea's severe old-age poverty. The findings indicate that household-level characteristics, such as householder's gender, physical health, and employment status, present heterogeneous effects across the income distribution. Second, low-income households are more vulnerable to regional economic and labour market downturns than high-income neighbours. Lastly, although the National Pension, a backbone of the public pension system, provides limited supports for retirees because it was introduced much later than other countries, it assists low-income old adults more effectively. Therefore, this study suggests more tailored redistribution measures, considering heterogeneous effects of household- and community-level environments, and a further expansion of the National Pension to mitigate old-age poverty.     

垃圾处理设施对住宅价格影响的Meta分析

基于16篇垃圾处理设施对住宅价格影响的实证研究进行Meta分析,探讨垃圾处理设施引起周边住宅价格波动的影响因素,并分析这些因素具体影响作用和方向。研究结果显示：整体上,垃圾处理设施对周围住宅存在贬值效应,住宅平均贬值幅度为10.4%;距离变量、建筑变量、区位特征、邻里特征和方法变量对垃圾处理设施对周边住宅价格波动幅度具有显著影响。通过研究为垃圾处理设施负外部性的管理提供理论依据。     

Demographic characteristics of the population of Greater Soweto, 1993

"This research note provides information and findings on some aspects of urbanisation in Greater Soweto. It outlines the demographic characteristics of the population, namely the characteristics of households; household preferences for services; perceptions on accommodation; age and gender profiles; education levels; the origin of the inhabitants and mobility in and migration to Greater Soweto. Some findings are particularly important for future planning of services and low-income or subsidised housing."     

On the macroeconomic determinants of the housing market in Greece: a VECM approach

This study examines the role of the housing market in the Greek economy. We review the literature and assess the interdependence between the housing price index and its macroeconomic determinants within a VECM framework. An equilibrium relationship exists and in the long run the retail sector and mortgage loans emerge as the most important variables for housing. The dynamic analysis shows that the mortgage loans followed by retail trade are the variables with the most explanatory power for the variation of the houses price index.     

新疆城乡低收入群体住房保障问题研究

改革开放以来,新疆一直致力于城乡居民住房建设,城乡居民住房水平显著提高,居住条件明显改善。2011年新疆实施的民生建设工程将对提高城乡居民生活质量,缩小城乡居民住房差距,提高城乡居民住房总体水平发挥积极作用。本文着重分析新疆城乡居民住房特别是低收入群体住房基本现状及特点,以及城乡住房建设中面临的问题,并以此提出加快新疆城乡住房建设步伐,特别是低收入群体住房保障的对策建议。     

香港公屋制度对深圳的启示

解决城市中低收入居民的住房问题是建设和谐社会的重要组成部分,香港政府通过其公共房屋制度,有效地解决了居民的住房问题。但我国内地的住房保障制度建设才刚刚起步,亟待完善。深圳作为中国经济较发达的城市之一,人均收入较高,政府运作高效,与香港有着相似的地理环境,比内地其他城市更适于借鉴香港经验。深圳可以在现有的经济适用房与廉租屋制度框架下,借鉴香港经验,建立有深圳特色的住房保障体系。     

Family structure and home ownership: Evidence from China

This paper studies how individuals, particularly low-income individuals, have financed housing purchases since the housing market was privatized in urban China in the 1990s. To the surprise of many policy makers and economists, more than 80% of the households in urban China owned private housing by the end of 2010. In contrast to most developed countries, we find that male siblings are important borrowing resources to purchase housing. Conditional on the number of siblings, having more brothers instead of sisters increases the probability of owning housing among male individuals born during the baby boom (1949–1978) in urban China. However, there is no such brother effect for females. The brother effect is stronger for males with low income or low levels of education and is also stronger when brothers are wealthier. Our results are robust to different model specifications. Our results suggest that females are likely to be excluded from family-based informal financial market for housing purchase among baby boom generations in China.     

Housing inequality and housing poverty in urban China in the late 1990s

This paper discusses housing inequality and housing poverty in urban China in the late 1990s, using original household surveys. Focuses are on the distributive implications of the privatization of public-owned housing and the wave of rural–urban migration. Estimates of the imputed rent function for owned housing purchased at discount prices indicates that meritocracy and political credentialism work differently as determinants of housing inequality. The paper confirms that there has been a large disparity in housing conditions between urban and migrant households, and that a new type of housing poverty has been emerging among migrant households.     

新疆人口居住状况及影响因素分析——新疆2005年1%人口抽样数据信息挖掘

本文依据新疆2005年1%人口抽样数据,运用数据挖掘技术,结合定性分析研究方法分析了新疆居民住房现状、结构与趋势。研究结果表明,新疆居民的居住条件有所改善,住房私有化程度提高,城乡之间和地区之间的居住条件差异较大,户主的收入、职业和受教育程度对家庭的住房条件有较大影响。最后对改善低收入群体的住房条件提出相应政策建议。     

The effects of extended families and marital status on housing consumption by black female-headed households

This study examines factors affecting the housing consumption of households headed by black women. The investigation focuses particular attention on the extent to which marital status and household composition, especially extended family configurations, influence the quality of housing consumed. The specific measure of housing quality used in the study is crowdedness, proxied by the number of persons per room. Analysis of data taken from the 1980 U.S. Census Public Use Sample reveals that female-headed extended households experience crowding disproportionately in comparison to other female-headed households. Marital status, age and location also significantly affect housing consumption. Young black female household heads who are separated and live in the South are particularly likely to reside in crowded conditions. Improved labor market outcomes for household heads are found to be more effective in generating improvements in housing quality than increased transfer payments.     

资金来源、制度变革与国际经验借鉴:源自公共廉租房

2010年《政府工作报告》中指出,要争取用三年的时间,通过加强廉租住房等保障性住房建设,解决750万户城市低收入家庭和240万户林区、垦区、煤矿棚户区居民的住房困难问题。然而,在中国现行廉租房建设体制下,公共廉租房建设各利益方目标差异大,难以形成合力,从而造成建设资金难以得到满足。应借鉴西方发达国家公共住房建设的经验,通过改革政府财政制度、建立新的廉租房供给模式、创新公共廉租房融资模式等方式,逐步解决廉租房建设面临的资金困局。