基于信息熵和未确知测度理论的供应链风险系数定量测度模型研究

供应链风险时常产生,其产生的后果会对供应链中的物流、信息流和资金流造成严重的破坏和冲击,甚至导致整个供应链瘫痪。对供应链突发事件风险系数的定量化测量,有利于提高供应链风险的预警机制,具有十分重要的理论意义和实际意义。文章首先对导致供应链突发事件产生的风险因素进行归纳研究,在此基础上运用未确知测度理论求解各风险指标的风险分布矩阵,根据信息熵理论,求解供应链风险类型的权重,在风险指标测度矩阵和分类风险权重的基础上,计算供应链突发事件风险状况;最后,结合案例对测度模型进行了演算,实证研究结果表明:供应链风险系数可通过定量化测度,且测度过程具有可操作性和可靠性。     

供应链鲁棒性作用模型及衡量研究

供应链安全问题日益成为生产实践和学术研究的热点课题,然而目前研究多局限于分析供应链的脆弱性、故障危害性、供应链中存在的风险及其控制措施。本文提出,增强供应链自身鲁棒性是降低供应链故障及风险带来的危害性的重要途径;在给出了供应链鲁棒性定义之后,建立了供应链鲁棒性作用模型和供应链鲁棒性评估指标体系来达到减少供应链故障及风险、增强供应链整体绩效的目的。     

国内外核心产业链与供应链的安全问题综述

受新冠疫情的影响,全球产业链供应链产生了深刻的变化。各国吸取本次疫情带来的经验教训,推动产业链供应链向区域化、本土化发展。总体而言,国内外关键产业链与关键供应链虽然相对安全,但对外依存度高和外商控制力强的产业存在安全风险。对核心关键产业自主掌控能力不足和产业链格局面临深层次变迁是影响国内外产业链供应链安全的内在和外在的重要因素。因此,各国政府应加快引导创新链发展和建立外商投资审查机构,保证在关键核心产业链环节自主可控,从而保障国家核心产业链和供应链安全。     

水产品加工业供应链风险及其控制策略

根据对文献的研究成果,结合对水产品加工业的深入调研分析,本文着重从供应、物流、财务、信息、需求、环境等方面对水产品加工业供应链风险进行剖析。供应链中各种风险因素之间并非独立存在,而是相互影响、互为因果。因此,在明确水产业供应链每种风险产生根源及其变动规律的基础上,提出适宜的风险控制策略,以期规避风险,确保水产业供应链整体安全高效运行。     

供应链合作伙伴关系风险规避

供应链合作伙伴关系是供应链管理的一个重要内容，而风险是影响供应链合作伙伴关系的重要因素，也是现代供应链管理所要解决的核心问题之一。该文分析了供应链合作伙伴间的风险类型及产生原因，提出了合作伙伴关系各阶段的风险规避。     

生命周期视角下供应链合作伙伴风险识别及规遄

风险是影响供应链合作伙伴关系的重要因素,也是现代供应链管理所要解决的核心问题之一。本文分析了供应链合作伙伴间的风险类型及产生原因,并在分析供应链合作伙伴关系生命周期的基础上．提出了合作伙伴闻的风险规避模型。     

供应链合作伙伴关系风险探析

实施供应链管理是企业适应全球竞争的一种有效途径,而规避供应链中的合作关系风险对供应链的成功具有重要意义。本文分析了供应链合作伙伴关系风险及其产生、表现,并提出建立供应链环境下的合作伙伴关系风险防范与激励措施。     

供应链风险管理模型构建与体系探究

本文首先给出供应链风险产生的背景,然后分析了供应链风险的发生的原因及供应链风险的分类。在对供应链风险分类的基础上提出了供应链风险管理模型,并运用该模型,将企业可能遇到的内外部供应链风险尽可能多的罗列出来,对于不同的供应链风险来源、我们研究供应链风险的可预防性、供应链风险的度量以及处理的方法。     

基于供应链视角的食品质量安全风险因素分析

食品质量安全是食品行业健康发展的重要因素,基于供应链的视角,食品质量安全风险包括源头风险、加工风险、物流风险、销售风险。将影响食品质量安全风险的4个供应链环节作为一级指标,并逐步把每个一级指标细化为3个二级指标,运用层次分析对影响因素进行定量分析,以便更好地加强食品供应链质量安全风险管理,给食品企业提供借鉴。     

生命周期视角下供应链合作伙伴风险识别及规避

风险是影响供应链合作伙伴关系的重要因素,也是现代供应链管理所要解决的核心问题之一.本文分析了供应链合作伙伴间的风险类型及产生原因,并在分析供应链合作伙伴关系生命周期的基础上,提出了合作伙伴间的风险规避模型.     

Sustainability and the False Sense of Legitimacy: How Institutional Distance Augments Risk in Global Supply Chains

Supply chain scholars have begun to recognize the institutional influences on supply chains, yet scarce attention has been directed toward the fact that global supply chains often comprise different institutions. This omission represents a severe shortcoming because the understanding of what constitutes legitimate behavior may vary substantially between contexts. This conceptual study employs the institutional distance concept to the case of supply chain sustainability risks. It focuses initially on paradoxical situations in which both the buyer and the supplier fully comply with stakeholder expectations within their own legitimacy contexts, yet the buyer's stakeholders still withdraw legitimacy from and harm the buyer. The study analyzes the causal microfoundations of how and why such paradoxical risks manifest, drawing on stakeholder theory and institutional theory. The analysis shows that accounting for the differing legitimacy contexts is necessary for explaining these risks, thereby substantiating our initial claim that institutional distance matters to global supply chains. The study yields important implications for corporate practice in that it highlights an inherent trade‐off in many global supply chains.     

GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN RISK MANAGEMENT

Global supply chains face a multitude of risks. A review of the recent literature reveals a few structured and systematic approaches for assessing risks in supply chains. However, there is no conceptual framework that ties together this literature. The purpose of this paper is to integrate literature from several disciplines ‐ including logistics, supply chain management, operations management, strategy, and international business ‐ to develop a model of global supply chain risk management. The implications for stakeholders and how future research could bring more insights to the phenomenon of global supply chain risk management are also discussed.     

供应链网络的鲁棒性探微

供应链网络具有复杂性、动态性、开放性和网络型的特征。由于内部不确定性和外部不确定性的存在,供应链存在相当风险。为了减轻风险企业和供应链越来越倾向运用鲁棒性的方法来经营企业和供应链。供应链鲁棒性管理主要分为鲁棒供应管理、需求管理、产品管理和信息管理。供应链鲁棒性运作管理在解决供应链不稳定问题中发挥了至关重要的作用,使供应链网络不确定性问题得到解决,也使供应链网络中的企业能够优势互补、规避风险,使企业能够协同实现产业内的合作与发展。     

Analysis on supply chain risks in Indian apparel retail chains and proposal of risk prioritization model using Interpretive structural modeling

Indian apparel retail industry is on a complete transformation journey and trying to evolve as an organized industry. It is very common to find the disruption factors in every business and the ways to mitigate and manage them is of current research interest. The paper discusses the selective risks associated with the apparel retail supply chains in India by structural analysis of the controllable risks that are identified. The work also reveals the use of Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) to establish the interdependencies between these risks spread across various supply chain functions of retail industry. The relationships are established based on expert opinions using Delphi technique followed by ISM modeling technique and Fuzzy MICMAC analysis. It also classifies the risk factors based on their driving and dependence power. ISM is proved to be a useful tool to help understand the impact of risks at stages of retail supply chain. Globalization, labor issues and security and safety of resources turns out to be the strong drivers of other supply chain uncertainties. The domino effect of these risks leads to financial crises for the organization.The paper also proposes a new model for the Risk Priority Number (RPN) calculation using ISM and Fuzzy MICMAC methodology for the applications in retail and various other domain risk studies. The sample size of experts is small and to remove the biasness of opinion, the model can be further validated using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in the future. The outcome would help practicing managers to analyze and to take actions for managing the factors by improving the bottom line of the organization by proper utilization of resources.     

Blockchain in Additive Manufacturing and its Impact on Supply Chains

Additive manufacturing (AM) appears to be a particularly attractive use case for blockchain. This research combines inductive in‐depth interviews with the Delphi method to explore what potentials blockchain technology in AM creates, which adoption barriers firms need to overcome, and how supply chains will be affected by the integration of these two potentially disruptive technologies. The results suggest opportunities that are related to intellectual property (IP) rights management, the monitoring of printed parts throughout their lifecycle, process improvements, and data security. The most important barriers for blockchain adoption in AM are an absence of blockchain‐skilled specialists on the labor market, missing governance mechanisms, and a lack of firm‐internal technical expertise. By addressing important limitations of AM, blockchain is expected to improve the competitiveness of AM in parts’ production, catalyzing the trend toward more decentralized manufacturing resulting in more agile, resilient, and flexible supply chains and reduced logistics costs. Beyond that, blockchain‐based AM platforms are expected to enhance supply chain visibility, drive supply chain digitalization, support supply chain finance, and contribute to the emergence of shared factory systems.     

应对供应链突发事件风险的企业协作应急策略

供应链突发事件风险不同于普通运营风险,属于低概率-高后果（LP-HC）型风险。根据供应链风险发生的来源,突发事件风险可以划分为三种类型：供应中断、运营中断和需求突变。文章讨论了企业间纵向协调和横向协作两种应急协作机制,并在三种不同类型的突发事件情况下,分别探讨了企业应急策略问题。通过对独立应急模式和企业间协作应急机制的对比和分析,提出了一种合理的供应链突发事件应急策略选择框架：对于供应或运营中断风险,企业横向协作应急策略更加有效;对于需求突变风险,企业纵向协调应急策略更加有效。     

辽宁省装备制造业供应链治理结构与供应链绩效关系研究

以辽宁省装备制造业为研究对象,通过对供应链治理结构与供应链绩效之间关系的分析得出:关系型和合同型两种治理结构都能对供应链绩效产生正向影响,但随着供应链合作伙伴关系进一步推进,关系型治理对供应链绩效的贡献程度更高。辽宁省装备制造企业应该根据供应链的内部特点、外部环境等积极进行相应治理,来提高供应链响应速度、顾客满意度等,最终提高供应链绩效。此外,辽宁省装备制造业应该准确识别供应链柔性程度,根据其来选择不同类型治理结构,确保能够避免过分依赖合同治理或关系治理来降低供应链合作伙伴关系中效率低下或机会主义风险。     

Taking Counterfeits out of the Pharmaceutical Supply Chain in Nigeria: Leveraging Multilayer Mitigation Approach

In today's global marketplace, no pharmaceutical supply chain is immune to the risk of counterfeit pharmaceuticals. Preventing the infiltration of counterfeit pharmaceuticals into the legitimate pharmaceutical supply chains is an important issue of public health debate. It is an important public health issue because of patient welfare and expanding healthcare costs. As a result, pharmaceutical firms are under intense media and public scrutiny to secure their supply chains. Mitigating risk of counterfeit and compromised pharmaceuticals demands pharmaceutical supply chains that are secured and resilient. Although counterfeit and compromised pharmaceuticals are found in both developing and developed countries, they are more prevalent in Nigeria. To reverse this trend and close the weak links in the supply chains of legitimate pharmaceuticals requires developing effective partnerships and multilayered measures. Indeed, safeguarding the integrity of pharmaceuticals and their distribution is not only a matter of brand equity and corporate reputation protection, but also a matter of life and death.     

Best value supply chains: A key competitive weapon for the 21st century

All executives would like their organizations to perform better, and most seek ways to make that happen. This paper focuses on how supply chains — the series of activities through which products and services are created and then distributed to customers — can enhance firm performance. For the last couple of decades, most firms have emphasized maximizing speed or minimizing costs within their supply chains. In the current business landscape, however, a broader approach is needed. We describe the main advantages of developing best value supply chains as a tool for enhancing performance. These chains differ from traditional chains in important ways. Best value supply chains are used by organizations as a central element of strategy, not simply as a means to move materials. Rather than focusing primarily on speed or cost, best value supply chains are designed to deliver superior total value to the customer in terms of speed, cost, quality, and flexibility. Our contention is that organizations that develop best value supply chains will enhance their performance. We support this contention with examples from leading firms that reflect a best value approach.     

Supply chains and their management: Application of general systems theory

This theoretical paper discusses the application of general systems theory to supply chains and the management of supply chains. Applying general systems theory to supply chains and their management allows them to be abstracted from their real world complexity. The abstraction process uses the view of general systems theory developed by Yourdon E. [1989. Modern Structured Analysis, Yourdon Press, Prentice-Hall International, Englewood Cliffs, NJ] in his seminal work on the fundamental characteristics of information systems. In particular, Yourdon's (1989) four general systems theory based principles for information systems are applied to supply chains and their management. Through a theoretical discussion informed by relevant research literature it is considered that a more fundamental view of supply chains has been developed. That is, the application of the four general systems theory principles developed to supply chains is supported and this application provides deeper insights into how supply chains operate. This in turn should allow better supply chain management processes to be developed.