The use of axiomatic fuzzy set theory in AHP and TOPSIS methodology to determine strategies priorities by SWOT analysis

Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) matrix is one of the most used tools for strategic planning, specially in the stage of extracting strategies. While the use of SWOT analysis is quite common and popular, it still continuous to have certain structural problems such that: the lack of considering uncertain and boolean (two sided) factors, lack of prioritization of the factors and too many extractable strategies. In this paper, we deal with the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to find weights of SWOT groups and weights of sub-factors within each groups; and we make use of the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) methodology to determine strategies priority. In addition, in order to deal with uncertainty and vagueness, we incorporate axiomatic fuzzy set (AFS) theory instead of traditional fuzzy set theory. AHP and TOPSIS are applied to the light of AFS theory. The advantages of dealing with AFS theory in the proposed approach are that: it can directly be applied to the data, the features of the data-sets can be mixed; however, the traditional fuzzy set theory deals with fuzzy numbers and it’s clear that different fuzzy numbers will lead to different results; hence the inconsistency of previous methodologies, described in the literature, copes with the methodology proposed in this paper.     

Optimization of the facility location-allocation problem in a customer-driven supply chain

This paper develops and applies an integrated multiple criteria decision making approach to optimize the facility location-allocation problem in the contemporary customer-driven supply chain. Unlike the traditional optimization techniques, the proposed approach, combining the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the goal programming (GP) model, considers both quantitative and qualitative factors, and also aims at maximizing the benefits of deliverer and customers. In the integrated approach, the AHP is used first to determine the relative importance weightings or priorities of alternative locations with respect to both deliverer oriented and customer oriented criteria. Then, the GP model, incorporating the constraints of system, resource, and AHP priority is formulated to select the best locations for setting up the warehouses without exceeding the limited available resources. In this paper, a real case study is used to demonstrate how the integrated approach can be applied to deal with the facility location-allocation problem, and it is proved that the integrated approach outperforms the traditional cost-based approach.     

任务驱动教学法的层次评估:指标构建与检验——以中山大学《区域物流规划》课程为例

在"任务驱动教学法"课程结构设计和实施框架的基础上,设计了一套基于层次分析法的课程绩效评估指标体系,并以修读中山大学《区域物流规划》课程的学生为样本,收集数据对评估效果做了拟合优度检验。与传统评估方法相比,发现:层次分析法的引入使得评教指标的权重发生了统计意义上的变异;融合传统评教指标和任务驱动指标的评价体系削弱了任务驱动评价指标的影响;任课教师在任务驱动评价体系下表现最好,但与其他方法结果差异不大。     

集成本模型、AHP和模糊综合评判于一体的物流中心选址方法

首先建立评价指标体系，对费用指标通过成本模型的遗传算法求解，得出费用可行解，然后利用AHP计算指标体系中其他各项指标权重，综合考虑其他相关指标建立模糊综合评价体系对可行方案进行排序，得到最优方案。     

GIS-based fuzzy multi-criteria approach for optimal site selection of fire stations in Istanbul,Turkey

Fire stations play a central role in protection and response activities as part of emergency management services in cases of fire incidences. With the rising urban populations and city expansions, the demand for more fire services resultantly increases. It then becomes critical to effectively plan the location of emergency facilities to adequately service the population and ensure the protection of lives and infrastructure. This study, therefore proposes the use of the fuzzy extension of the Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) method of Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP), hence called fuzzy AHP, integrated with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) approach to optimally site new fire stations for the case of Istanbul region. This proposed fuzzy approach simulates the subjective expert judgements for the preferences of the six criteria assessed for fire station suitability mapping and thereby accounted for the uncertainty of crisp comparison values via triangular fuzzy numbers (TFNs). The criteria weights evaluated from this procedure were used in a weighted overlay analysis of the reclassified criteria map layers in ArcGIS to generate a fire station suitability map. These resultant fuzzy AHP criteria weights were validated using another MCDM technique, called Best-Worst Method (BWM) and found to be comparable and consistent. The criteria that had the strongest influence on the selection of sites for fire stations were identified to be: the density of hazardous material facilities (DHM), a high population density (HPD) and proximity to main roads (PMR) with associated weights of 33.3%, 24.4% and 15.2%, respectively. Based on a thorough assessment within the areas represented by class values ranging from 3 to 5 on the suitability map, a total of 34 new fire station sites were selected complementing the existing 121 fire stations. Further, a prioritization analysis from low, medium to high, was performed to plan the phases for the construction of new fire stations in view of competing budgetary needs and resource constraints. The methodology to achieve this was proposed and modelled for enhancing the decision-making process in urban fire station site selection studies.     

Judgmental adjustment of forecasts: A comparison of methods

Attention has recently been given to combinations of subjective and objective forecasts to improve forecast accuracy. This research offers an extension on this theme by comparing two methods that can be used to adjust an objective forecast. Wolfe and Flores (1990) show that forecasts can be judgmentally adjusted by analysts using a structured approach based on Saaty's analytic hierarchy process (AHP). In this study, the centroid method is introduced as a vehicle for forecast adjustment and is compared to the AHP. While the AHP allows for finer tuning in reflecting decision maker judgement, the centroid method produces very similar results and is much simpler to use in the forecast adjustment process.     

Mapping verbal responses to numerical scales in the analytic hierarchy process

Central to the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) are the pairwise comparisons between decision alternatives that are elicited either verbally or numerically. Since comparisons expressed in numbers are required to compute importance weights in the approach, all verbal judgments must be quantified. We propose new scales, and develop a way to identify which numerical scale is best for a given individual. The approach is based on newly-designed compound operation of decision-makers’ preference judgments. We illustrate this process with two examples.     

基于F-AHP的供电企业运营绩效综合评价

本文将层次分析法(AHP)与模糊综合评价(Fuzzy)相结合,探讨对电力企业相对运营绩效进行评价。在建立评价指标体系的基础上,用AHP确定指标权重可以避免复杂的决策问题出现逻辑失误,模糊数学可以有效处理模棱两可的信息。两者有效结合,可以取长补短,使决策更具科学性。最后,通过一个算例证明了该方法的有效性。     

城市群规划的实效性评价方法及应用——以江西省城市群规划为例

在对城市群规划实效性评价的含义、原则、指标和方法进行阐述的基础上,建立评价指标体系和AHP评价方法对江西省四次城市群规划的实效性进行了定量评价.研究发现,基于城市群规划实效性评价概念和内容的AHP建模方法对城市群规划系统的实效性评价具有一定效果,它能将复杂的规划系统给予定量化的比较,同时还具有思路清晰、方法简便、系统性强等特点.当然,在具体应用中,还需根据评价对象对评价指标和权重作相应的改进.     

A satisficing method for fuzzy goal programming problems with different importance and priorities

For treating multiple objectives decision making problems with fuzzy goals and different importance, various kinds of fuzzy goal programming (FGP) models have been developed in the past three decades. Among them, two most widely used methods are: (1) weighted FGP, where the importance of the objectives is represented by weights (2) preemptive priority (also known as “Lexicographic”) FGP, where the priority levels of the goals are set in advance, and the trade-offs among goals placed at different priority levels are implemented strictly. This article presents a satisficing method based on FGP model, which holds that a more important objective has to be achieved as much as possible. The relaxed preemptive priority requirement in the proposed model provides a more efficient, flexible and practicable decision support compared to the weighted and the lexicographic models. In addition, the trade-off between optimization and importance requirement can be realized by the regulation parameter in the presented method. The performance of this method is evaluated by comparing its result with those of the six existing models in the literature.     

Sustainable Supplier Selection in Megaprojects: Grey Ordinal Priority Approach

Due to mounting environmental and social challenges, supplier selection has become one of the most critical tasks of project-oriented organizations. Because supplier selection can affect the long-term success and profitability of the organizations and their projects, directly, embracing sustainability can add value in the equation. Considering sustainability measures can positively guide project managers in making better decisions for the projects in the long term. Therefore, the current study attempts to provide a conceptual model for selecting the best supplier based on a sustainability framework in megaprojects. Meanwhile, decision-making methods can be employed as a proper tool to find the best supplier. Ordinal priority approach (OPA) is a recent development in multiple criteria decision making (MCDM), while it has many benefits compared with other methods like analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). However, this method cannot consider multiple ranks during the decision-making process, and using an uncertainty approach feels strongly. Grey systems theory (GST) can consider uncertainties with no need for large sample or proposing membership function. Hence, the current study employed the GST to consider multiple ranks for criteria and alternatives in the OPA method. This is the first time that a sustainable supplier selection framework has been presented for megaprojects with the aid of the Grey OPA (OPA-G) method. Finally, a case study has been examined to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach. The results show that the proposed approach can be used in real-world situations and it has acceptable performance under uncertainty conditions.     

基于AHP法房地产全程营销价值链分析

房地产营销是基于房地产项目开发全过程的营销,因此有必要对全程营销重要性节点的优先度进行定量分析.文章通过研究房地产市场营销模式,以房地产全程营销价值链为依托,从策划、开发、销售、售后服务全程价值链活动中,建立房地产全程营销价值链模型,采用AHP分析方法,找出影响房地产全程营销的关键因素,对关键性节点采取严格的控制手段,合理制定营销策略,以获得更好的营销效果.     

烟草物流主辅分离方案可行性的模糊评价--基于利益相关者的评价体系构建

以烟草物流主辅分离的可行性作为实际背景，依据企业核心利益相关者偏好设计改革方案的二层评价指标体系。首先使用AHP确定指标权重，在此基础上应用模糊评价技术确定方案的最终优劣。最后给出了某烟草公司选择物流主辅分离方案的实际改革案例。     

A priority assignment model for standards and conditions in a long term care survey

Presently a survey document is used in New York State to enforce Federal and State regulatory standards for long term care facilities (skilled nursing facilities and health related facilities). This document is used to establish Medicare and Medicaid certification for these facilities.

This study describes the creation of a new survey process—a first stage consisting of a screening survey followed, if necessary, by an intensive survey. A priority assignment model which utilizes the judgements of experts from the New York State Office of Health Systems Management (OHSM) has been developed. This model is employed to develop ranks, priority weights and classifications for the various standards and the Federal conditions which the standards comprise (as well as equivalent State regulations).

Saaty's Analytical Hierarchy Process is used to obtain the ranks and priority weights. The consistency of the experts' judgements is measured using Kendall's coefficient of agreement. An optimal split algorithm is used to subdivide the standards and conditions according to impact (high, moderate or low) on patient care, health and safety.

The results are to be used as a management tool in developing decision rules for defining the scope of the intensive survey on the basis of screening survey results.     

Multi-stage evaluation and selection in the formation process of complex creative solution

In the case of limited organizational resources, smoothly and effectively completing the multi-stage evaluation and selection in the formation process of complex creative solution is vital for the organization to solve creative problems. In this paper, a multi-stage evaluation criteria system is constructed from the three dimensions of novelty, value and practicality, each of which is composed of three separate evaluation criteria systems, and the fuzzy AHP method is applied to obtain the weights of each dimensions and sub-dimensions, we find that the weights of the same dimensions and sub-dimensions are different in each evaluation criteria systems. The fuzzy TOPSIS method and the fuzzy AHP method are combined to build a multi-stage evaluation and selection model in the formation process of complex creative solution, then the complex creative solutions development activities of rural credit products, which we have been personally involved in, are selected as the analysis case to confirm the practical operability of this model.     

基于公路快速客运服务系统组合评价方法的研究

现行主要评价方法单独运用于该模型体现出各种不足。如模糊综合评判法,其评价过程大量应用了人的主观判断,因而各因素权重可靠性需做进一步分析。而层次分析法则能较好的解决选取因素的权重分配的主观性问题。本文将层次分析法(AHP)和模糊评价法有效结合,运用于公路快速客运系统评价体系中。使用AHP法确定评价体系中各指标的权重,运用模糊评价方法建立公路快速客运系统评价模型,对公路快速客运系统进行综合评价。     

采油企业管理绩效评价研究

针对管理绩效的研究现状,结合采油企业的实际情况,明确采油企业管理绩效的内容,综合运用问卷调查和专家打分方法确定采油企业管理绩效评价指标体系,并采用层次分析法(AHP)进行采油企业管理绩效评价,得出了采油企业管理绩效评价指标的权重值,进而明确采油企业管理绩效的优势与不足,为提高采油企业管理绩效水平提供理论依据。     

基于模糊评判的银行大客户的识别与评价

本文构建了银行客户等级的评价指标体系,采用层次分析法和模糊综合评价方法确定各因素的权重,对客户进行综合评判。并且结合对银行黄金客户群体的综合评判来调整银行的经营策略。     

基于属性约简与AHP法的卷烟消费市场综合评价研究

本文运用模型对贵州省卷烟消费市场进行综合评价研究。首先运用粗糙集属性约简算法进行初始指标筛选,继而运用层次分析法构建评价指标体系,获取各指标权重并计算综合评价值,得出贵州省卷烟消费市场的地区差异划分。该应用实例表明两种方法相结合将提高综合评价的准确性。     

港口物流综合能力评价体系构建研究

港口物流综合能力评价能够系统地分析港口物流系统的综合运行状况,是港口物流系统规划建设的重要依据。文中从港口物流的概念和作用入手,提出了港口物流综合能力的概念,把港口物流综合能力分为五大类,建立了较全面的港口物流综合能力评价指标体系,并运用层次分析法构建了港口物流综合能力评价模型。通过层次分析法对港口物流综合能力进行定量分析,给出了各指标的权重,为港口有效提高物流综合服务水平提供了参考依据,以期有效地支持港口物流系统的建设和发展。