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政府介入对政策性农业保险的运作效率影响的分析 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
本文从保费补贴和交易成本两个方面剖析了政策性农业保险运作效率的影响因素,认为诸多因素的共同作用决定了保费补贴的激励效果,也决定了实现既定参与率所需的财政补贴规模。同时,各种类型的交易成本通过直接或间接的方式影响着政策性农业保险的运作效率。因此,本文提出不同国家应根据本国国情确定合适的保费补贴政策。通过机制设计降低交易成本成为提高政策性农业保险运作效率的关键。 相似文献
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利用条件价值法获取海南省儋州市、琼中县和白沙县3个橡胶树风灾保险试点地区胶农对橡胶树风灾保险的支付意愿,并运用福利经济学分析方法研究了供给受限制条件下橡胶树风灾保险的保费补贴效率。研究结果显示:财政补贴橡胶树风灾保险符合效率原则;橡胶树风灾保险政府补贴效率因区域和补贴率的不同而不同;橡胶树风灾保险补贴效率与补贴率呈负相关关系。因此,提出提高海南民营橡胶树风灾保险补贴效率的对策建议:扩大民营橡胶树风灾保险覆盖面;加大橡胶树风灾保险宣传力度;加大橡胶树风灾指数保险的推广应用。 相似文献
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《农机购置补贴政策与实施》节目主要介绍了2011年农机购置补贴的资金规模、实施范围、补贴机具种类、补贴标准、补贴对象以及申报程序。2011年农机购置补贴资金总规模为175亿元,实施范围覆盖全国所有农牧业县(场)。 相似文献
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农业保险是推动农村金融市场深化的重要工具,是农村社会保障体系的重要组成部分。本文从农业保险风险出发.分析了中央与地方政府在自然灾害风险、价格风险、信息不对称风险的预测、控制、规避上的不同优势。针对当前我国农业保险补贴现状,提出了以保费分层、补贴分层实现中央财政补贴与地方财政补贴的差异化保障功能。有效发挥政府补贴的杠杆作用。并针对劳动收入低于全国平均水平的贫困地区设计了保费补贴方案,使农业保险更具保障功能,减少收入差距。 相似文献
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我国农业保险差异补贴政策研究——基于各省、直辖市、自治区的聚类分析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
农业保险因其准公共物品及正外部性等特征,已经被确立为政策性险种,我国已于2007年开展农业保险财政补贴试点工作.从全国范围内来看,我国各省、自治区、直辖市发展水平、条件气候、产业结构等存在着巨大的差别,据此,采用聚类分析,将各省、直辖市、自治区划分为四类地区,由此可为中央政府采取差别补贴政策提供有力依据. 相似文献
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Tao Ye Wuyang Hu Barry J. Barnett Jiwei Wang Yu Gao 《Journal of Agricultural Economics》2020,71(1):144-164
We evaluate the performance of area yield crop insurance (AYCI) and farm yield crop insurance (FYCI) using farm-level yield data from China, focusing on their effects on farmers' welfare, and their cost-effectiveness in terms of government subsidy. Given a subsidy rate sufficient to generate a politically acceptable participation level, the price advantage of AYCI may no longer offset its higher basis risk, and consequently FYCI may be preferred by farmers. From the government's perspective, AYCI is the cheapest option to maintain reasonable farmer participation in insurance, but is not necessarily the most cost-effective choice. Our findings suggest that, contrary to an assumption that informs many developing country agricultural insurance programmes, AYCI schemes are not necessarily preferred to FYCI. Decisions on the structure of a national agricultural insurance programme should be based on careful consideration of local conditions. 相似文献
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森林保险市场的供求均衡与财政补贴制度 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本研究认为森林保险经过较长时间的试点后,没有得到普遍的开展的原因在于森林保险市场的供求失衡。从国际经验看,解决森林保险市场的失衡要依靠财政补贴制度。研究结果表明:中国森林保险的财政补贴应包括保费补贴、业务费用补贴、再保险支持、税收优惠和建立风险基金。 相似文献
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本文概述了广东省农业机械购置补贴政策的实施情况,对由广东省农业厅和华南农业大学经济管理学院组成的调研组在广东省内清远、茂名、韶关、梅州、河源、湛江共6个市开展的问卷调查进行分析,共回收433份有效问卷。调查结果表明农村务农劳动力中中老年人占绝对主体,农民的受教育程度偏低;绝大多数的农民是通过“基层干部”、“朋友或乡邻”、“电视报刊”这三种途径来了解农机补贴政策;农民获取补贴金额因农机补贴品种而不同;农民购买农机的最主要原因是家里劳动力不足,其次是衣机工作效率高而且好用、衣机是种地的必需品;总体上,绝大多数农民认为农机补贴政策对于促进农业生产有着明显的作用,超过半数农民认为农机耕种省力高效,但购买农机的价格对于农民来说仍然昂贵;衣机补贴的申请手续稍显繁琐;农民认为种粮直接补贴存在的不足之处集中在农机价格上,多数农民建议降低衣机价格、提高补贴金额以及增加对农机的维修服务来减少后期的投入费用。 相似文献
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Erik J. O’Donoghue Michael J. Roberts Nigel Key 《Journal of Agricultural Economics》2009,60(1):80-104
We estimate how much United States farms changed enterprise diversification in response to a marked increase in crop insurance coverage brought about by the 1994 Federal Crop Insurance Reform Act, which substantially increased insurance subsidies. The analysis exploits farm‐level panel census data to compare farm‐specific changes in enterprise diversification over time. By examining diversification decisions of the same farms over time, we control for time‐invariant unobserved individual heterogeneity. We then use pooled cross‐sectional data from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Resource Management Survey to estimate the relationship between farm diversification and average returns. We find that the insurance subsidies caused a modest increase in enterprise specialisation and production efficiency. Estimated efficiency gains are far less than the subsidies. 相似文献
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Warming temperatures will likely induce higher premium rates and government outlays for the U.S. crop insurance program 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
Likely climate change impacts include damages to agricultural production resulting from increased exposure to extreme heat. Considerable uncertainty remains regarding impacts on crop insurance programs. We utilize a panel of U.S. corn yield data to predict the effect of warming temperatures on the mean and variance of yields, as well as crop insurance premium rates and producer subsidies. While we focus on corn, we demonstrate that the subsidy impacts are likely to carry over to other major program crops. We find that warming decreases mean yields and increases yield risk on average, which results in higher premium rates. Under a 1°C warming scenario, we find that premium rates at the 90% coverage level will increase by 39% on average; however, there is considerable statistical uncertainty around this average as the 95% confidence interval spans from 22% to 61%. We also find evidence of extensive cross‐sectional differences as the county‐level rate impacts range from a 10% reduction to a 63% increase. Results indicate that exposure to extreme heat and changes in the coefficient of variation are large drivers of the impacts. Under the 1°C warming scenario, we find that annual subsidy payments for the crop insurance program could increase by as much as $1.5 billion, representing a 22% increase relative to current levels. This estimate increases to 3.7 billion (57%) under a 2°C warming scenario. Our results correspond to a very specific counterfactual: the marginal effect of warming temperatures under current technology, production, and crop insurance enrollments. These impacts are shown to be smaller than the forecasted impacts under a commonly used end‐of‐century general circulation model for even the most optimistic CO2 emissions projection. 相似文献
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基于开展森林保险保费补贴政策的23个省(市、自治区)2014—2018年面板数据,在分析正向激励效应与负向抑制效应下的森林保险保费补贴政策产出效应传导机制的基础上,运用柯布-道格拉斯生产函数与面板数据模型从林业产出视角分别对全国层面、东部地区和中西部地区的森林保险保费补贴政策实施效果进行评估。结果表明:森林保险保费补贴政策存在产出激励效应,且存在1期滞后;同时,森林保险保费补贴对林业产出的促进效果受影响于林业风险,风险水平的上升会抑制保费补贴政策对林业产出的促进作用;森林保险保费补贴政策产出激励效应及林业风险对补贴政策产出激励效应的影响均存在区域差异性。最后,提出实施保费补贴差异化、逐步提升保障水平等建议。 相似文献