Managing Heritage Volunteers: An Exploratory Study of Volunteer Programmes in Art Museums Worldwide

This study addresses the paucity of research on volunteer management in art museums and heritage attractions. Based on the results of surveys and interviews with volunteers and managers from international art museums, it identifies three sets of promising practices that appear to increase the performance of volunteer programmes: (1) building a community of volunteers; (2) enhancing volunteers' learning experiences; and (3) fostering the self-management of volunteers. Taken together, these practices offer evidence for the value of the ‘serious leisure’ concept in the theory and practice of volunteer management.     

Plantation Homes and Veneto Villas in the United States and Europe

Abstract

This paper explores the issues and challenges that are facing Lebanon as it attempts to reposition itself as a leading tourism destination in the post-war years. A discussion about the Lebanese government reconstruction plan and its role in shaping tourism policies is offered. A discussion about post-war tourism development in Lebanon is offered.     

文学旅游地的社会文化建构:以凤凰古城为例

该研究基于文化环及其拓展理论,通过定性和定量相结合的方法探讨了凤凰古城作为文学旅游地的文化生产和消费。结论指出:(1)沈从文及其文学作品所构建的文学世界中的"湘西世界",旅游开发者和经营者所构建的"现实中的边城"与旅游者的"口碑中的凤凰古城"共同构建了"想象中的凤凰古城",即待阅读的"凤凰古城文本",并使这一文本公共化;(2)作为文化消费者,旅游者在文学旅游地的构建与重构过程中扮演了重要的角色,是联系整个社会文化建构过程的纽带。在此基础上,本研究构建了一个新的旅游地社会文化建构模型,以期对旅游地的文化生产和消费相关研究及具体应用进行补充和拓展。     

Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites

This study aims to identify the factors influencing residents' subjective well-being (SWB) and examine the relative importance of each factor on the distinct components of residents' SWB in the heritage tourism context. The measurement was developed and validated using rigorous procedures. Five rounds of data collection have occurred in a span of two years at a World Heritage Site in China, resulting in 1018 valid responses. Data were analyzed and the results suggested that residents with higher economic status, sense of community, and social environment generally have higher SWB. Furthermore, residents' perceived high economic status and favorable social relations channel through residents’ SWB to bolster their support for tourism.     

旅游审美疲劳:表现特征、形成机理与缓解措施

伴随旅游的大众化和日常化发展,不少旅游产品越来越难以满足旅游者不断升级的审美需求,旅游审美疲劳现象日益显露。旅游审美疲劳主要表现为旅游者对旅游活动兴趣减弱以及出现心理排斥等负向情感表达,对游客体验与旅游业的可持续发展造成消极影响。文章首先对国内外相关文献进行梳理,明晰国内外研究现状,并以此为基础解析旅游审美疲劳的概念内涵。其次,概括出旅游审美疲劳具有情绪主导性、群体差异性、身心综合性、动态变化性、情境感染性、条件累积性等6大表现特征,结合旅游审美疲劳的形成机理提出了旅游审美疲劳的缓解对策。最后,明确未来旅游审美疲劳的研究方向,并提出从生活视角转向生命视角构建旅游审美体验的新思路。     

上海休闲旅游特色街空间结构及成因研究

休闲旅游特色街,作为上海都市旅游业发展的重要组成部分,日益受到关注和重视.本文通过对休闲旅游特色街空间结构的实证研究,在明确其空间分布现状以及构成特点的基础上,试图解读其多元化的形成原因,从而为休闲旅游特色街的深度开发和合理调整提供科学的依据.     

Travel websites: Changing visits,evaluations and posts

Many studies concerning the role of web-based information in tourism measure one-time interactions. This paper presents results of a longitudinal study. Data collected in 2014 about website visits, evaluations and posts, are compared with data from 2007. The main finding is the advance of sites having a commercial interest in the information provided and the stagnation of consumer review sites without such an interest, the latter losing ground in visits and perceived reliability. The perceived quality of the information improved significantly in terms of extensiveness, novelty and usefulness for both site types. Posting behavior is rare and still limited to a small segment. Implications are outlined related to different forms of perceived credibility. Ways to attract more posters are sketched.     

关于旅游学科发展与旅游管理专业课程体系建设的思考

本文提出了中国旅游事业以及高等旅游教育与科研近30年发展中几个主要方面问题:旅游和高等旅游教育科研的所得和所失、旅游的基本性质、高等旅游教育的定性、旅游学能否成为一门独立学科、旅游学科体系的建设、旅游管理专业课程体系构成、旅游管理专业主干课程及内容的确定,分析了这些问题的根源.在此基础上集中阐述了作者对旅游学科定性和定位、旅游学科理论体系结构、旅游学科的研究方法论、旅游管理专业课程体系构建等问题的观点.     

国外黑色旅游研究综述

黑色旅游是近年来国外,特别是欧美地区旅游学界新兴的热点研究领域,也是一个颇具争议的领域.文章对国外有关黑色旅游的文献进行梳理,认为黑色旅游的概念界定、黑色旅游者行为特征、黑色旅游展示和历史原真性的争议、黑色旅游的影响是国外黑色旅游研究的4大主题,并对每一个主题进行了总结.     

Present-centered dialogue with heritage representations

This study aims to examine heritage representations of a metropolitan city in the United States, using a dialogical present-centered approach. Heritage themes and icons contextualized by the local agencies are identified. Views of a purposeful stratified sample of local residents are sought. Statistically significant differences in perceptions and level of connectedness to heritage expressions and icons are determined between the Whites (the mainstream population), the Hispanics and the Asians. Information is also elicited on preferred themes and images that hold potential to showcase local heritage in an equitable manner to heritage tourists. Traces of heritage dissonance and societal exclusion are identified and proactive dialogical initiatives are suggested that portray meaningful present-centered public heritage representations to promote sustainable heritage tourism.     

The sustainable integration of cultural heritage and tourism: a meta-study

This paper presents a cross-disciplinary thematic investigation into the relationship between cultural heritage and tourism. It systematizes evidence on concepts, policies and strategies and provides an interpretive synthesis illuminating the factors deemed critical by researchers for the sustainable integration of heritage and tourism. It seeks to find consilience to lead to a “new age of synthesis”. After an extensive literature review, 483 studies were selected and reviewed, assisted by a qualitative data analysis software (NVivo). The research followed the meta-synthesis approach, particularly meta-ethnography, of identifying findings, grouping findings into categories and grouping categories into synthesized findings, to produce a representative set of 15 synthesis factors. These include local involvement, education and training, authenticity and interpretation, sustainability-centered tourism management, integrated planning, incorporation into a wider sustainable development framework, controlled growth, governance and stakeholder participation, market and product diversification, suitable funding provision, international governance and support systems, a heritage capital approach, effective site management, destination management and a sound theoretical/methodological base. These 15 factors are suggested as the fundamental components of a more efficient theoretical frame and evidence-based policy in the fields of cultural heritage and tourism, aimed at achieving sustainability.