THE VALUATION OF STOCK WARRANTS: A REJOINDER

The purpose of the comment was to evaluate the Bird model in relation to the characteristics which were claimed for it, rather than against any other criteria. the conclusion which now might be drawn is that the warrant market is unsystematic in its valuation of securities.
Les observations apportées précédemmentavaient pour but de juger le modèle Bird. Pour cela, il était préférable de s'appuyer sur les caracteristiques qui le définissaient, plutôt que de lui opposer d'autres critères. Tenant compte de la réponse de Bird, on pourrait maintenant deduire que le marché des warrants est incohérent dans son évaluation des titres.
Der Zweck der ursprünglichen Anmerkung solte keine Beurteilung des Bird Modells gegenüber den Kriterien von Skerratt, sondern gegenüber den Merkmalen des Modells darstellen. Angesichts der Antwort von Bird, könnte man jetzt schliessen, dass der Berechtigungscheinmarkt Wertpapiere unsystematisch bewertet.     

THE VALUATION OF NEW ZEALAND UNDERWRITING AGREEMENTS

Almost all cash issues by New Zealand listed public companies are by way of a rights issue. This paper examines the terms of 143 issues between 1976 and 1984. Of those issues 86 were underwritten and 57 were not. The paper is concerned with two questions. The first question examines whether there are fundamental differences in the terms of the issues that explain why some issues were underwritten and some were not. The second question examines the extent to which the underwriters' fee corresponds to the value of a put option, where that value is given by an adaptation of the Black Scholes formula. The conclusions are that there are differences in the terms of issues that are underwritten, compared with those that are not, and that the underwriters' fee is substantially in excess of the Black Scholes put value.     

THE VALUATION EFFECTS OF OUT-OF-THE-MONEY CALLS OF CONVERTIBLE SECURITIES

We examine the valuation effects of out-of-the-money calls of convertible securities. In general, out-of-the-money calls generate positive abnormal stock returns. These returns are higher when the call price exceeds the market value of the called securities (positive premium calls), compared with when the market value exceeds the call price (negative premium calls). Furthermore, Value Line Investment Survey net operating income forecasts are significantly higher after call announcements for positive premium calls, while the revision is insignificant for negative premium calls. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that positive premium calls signal positive information.