边陲铁军为天府——黑龙江省地方铁路局宝清分局局长赵乃军访谈

2004。年终岁尾。祖国的大东北。黑龙江省。宝清县。一个冰封雪裹的天府之城。在宝清县城的边缘处。机车如棱，人声鼎沸，零下20多度的严寒在这里也退避三舍。这里就是地方铁路局宝清分局的作业现场，一个只有硬汉才能也才敢上阵的战场。     

如何留住最有价值的员工

大部分企业在为降低成本而实施瘦身计划的时候,几乎所有人的第一反应就是想办法“裁员”。的确。裁员是最省事也最立竿见影的事情。毫无疑问,在考虑裁员的同时。企业应当考虑如何留住最有价值的员工。在市场好的时候业绩好的员工未必是好员工。真正好员工是在市场不好的时候依然能够保持良好业绩的那一个。因此,即便要裁员,也不能一刀切,要想法留住高价值员工。     

火与消防(二则)

"消防"这个行当,很古老。火灾,除了天灾,更多的是人祸。(一)春节与"火"本期的专题选择的"消防"。初一看,以为似有不妥。喜庆的佳节带来点儿不祥的灾害的影射。细一想,又感到春节历来和"火"特别亲近。     

广州10月房价报复性反弹

曾几何时。楼价的下调。让众多消费者为此欢欣鼓舞。似乎看到了购房的希望。然而。不以人们意志为转移的房价依然我行我素。屡屡上演数字游戏。     

美国著名创业研究专家谢洛德谈:企业家不是天生的(十六)——『何时停止梦想』

200位老板的成功秘密开一家公司就像是生小孩。事实上,婚姻是一个更好的比喻。在此情境中,你的梦想就像是一次约会。成熟的约会意味着要尽量了解约会对象的品质、彼此相适应的程度、彼此能为对方做些什么、对方是不是你要找的人。但是,不到结婚这最后一步,你们都没有责任。你的梦想也如此。要全身心投入,但不要盲目。要有信心,尽你所能把你的梦想化为现实,     

行善的勇气在哪里?

这是近期郑渊洁新浪微博上引起热议的一段文字:一老人倒在北京东四附近的人行道上。路人不敢管。小学四年级女生忻妍看见老人伸出的手,她将自己的手放在老人手中。老人戴着写有家人电话的老年人胸卡。女孩儿给其家人打电话。老人获救。其家人没有敲诈女孩儿,而是到东四七条小学给忻妍送去锦旗。     

洛可可：萧条时期设计为王

未来肯定是创造者的时代。经济危机的到来就是一个信号。对于我们设计者来说，这是一个绝佳的机会，因为我们就是在创造。未来会是一个科技扁平化、软件扁平化的时期。所谓扁平化就是发展到了一个阶段，大家都无法突破了。就像百米赛跑一样，不能再快了。那个时候最重要的还是人们的精神和感受。在这个过程中，设计会发挥很大的作用。设计最主要的功能是创造需求。     

新近入市小户型一览

由于小户型总价低。市场消化量大。开发商回款较快等现实原因。在2005年下半年的市场上．小户型供应量明显加大。据不完全统计．纯小户型或者主打小户型销售的楼盘超过了10个。“CBD传奇”和“中天国际公寓”更是选择在9月8日的北京秋季房展会上开盘和率先进行推广活动。这些小户型的明显特点是其所处地理位置优越。例如。异军突起的百子湾地区．以其项目相对集中、项目差异划分明显而吸引了各阶层的消费者。下半年。多个小户型项目在此争相入市．吸引了广泛的关注。再如其他一些分布在中关村、亚运村商圈内的小户型楼盘．地理位置和交通优势明显。并且由于这些楼盘的周边小户型项目稀缺．很大程度上加大了楼盘的居住和投资价值。比以往更胜一筹的是。不少小户型进行了准确定位。主要针对30岁左右的城市白领。这直接影响到相关的配套服务。比如配以酒店式的管理。使小户型的居住环境得到一定的保障。避免了居住人群可能出现参差不齐的情况。增加投资保值系数。但就销售情况来看．相当一部分购买者还是觉得楼盘价格普遍偏高。另外。尽管楼盘所处区域繁华。但楼盘体量小、无配套、无园林。缺乏良好的居住环境。并且在户型方面流行大开间。40—50平方米的户型通常没有分割。这就在很大程度上影响了居住的舒适性。从目前楼盘销售反馈来看。相当一部分楼盘实现了与前期定位的吻合．成为许多年轻人第一次置业和过渡型置业的选择。但也有一些楼盘对此进行了更改。比如中关村的小户型产品“荣上居”．从前期的商住定位变更为目前的自住定位．从而也说明了市场对自住小户型的强烈需求。除了自住。投资需求仍在小户型这一产品上集中体现出来。从整体上来说．这些小户型楼盘基本上有超过30％的投资客。有的楼盘。甚至超出了50％。对于消费者来说。他们更多考虑项目的性价比和实用率加权值．同时考虑几年后换房时旧房的市值。如果是投资性能差的小户型．还不如租房合适。     

追求卓越 大写公仆情怀——记讷河市第七届优秀公仆、讷河市工商行政管理局党组书记、局长齐向友

淡泊。是一种历经世事变迁后的从容与成熟,是宠辱不惊的淡然与豁达,是大彻大悟的宁静心态．是一种升腾了的人性感悟。讷河市工商行政管理局（简称工商局）党组书记、局长齐向友。有着淡泊名利的人生基调和永不疲倦地追求卓越。爱因斯坦说过：“一个人对社会的价值。首先取决于他的感情、思想和行动对增进人类利益有多大作用。”齐向友局长用超负荷的超越自我．把人生价值开掘到了一个极致。用脚踏实地的工作作风。无私奉献的敬业情怀,廉洁自律的高尚情操．向人们展示出一位人民公仆平凡、朴实、内敛的精神世界。     

如何拍好生活照

生活照。顾名思义。就是反映人们生活的照片。既不同于专业摄影家的摄影作品。又不同于婚纱影楼那样的商业照片，是纯粹的生活的缩影。那么，怎样拍照。如何拍好生活照片成了人们生活中经常碰到的小问题。我们既不能像摄影家去拍摄影作品，也不拍影楼那样的商业照片。在此，就生活照的拍摄问题，谈一些具体的看法。     

The Geography of Innovation in China and India

The BRICS countries in general, and China and India in particular, are now widely regarded as the areas of the world likely to challenge the economic leadership of the United States (US) and the European Union (EU). A large part of this challenge will come from rapid technological catch‐up by China and India. Yet, despite a recent rise in interest, there is limited knowledge about how and where innovation takes place in these two leading emerging countries and to what extent the Chinese and Indian territorial systems of innovation differ from those in the EU or the US. In this article we explore the geography of innovation in China and India, concentrating on understanding key territorial‐level innovation trends by country, region and technology field, using the US and the EU as benchmarks. We find significant contrasts between the geography of innovation in China and India and that of the US and the EU. First, the degree of concentration of innovative activities in both countries is extremely high. Levels of agglomeration of innovation in the coastal provinces of China, as well as in Delhi and the South of India, significantly exceed the levels of agglomeration found in the USA and the EU. Secondly, China has witnessed a more rapid increase in the degree of concentration of innovation than India. We posit that the differences in the geography of innovation between, on the one hand, China and India and, on the other hand, between these countries and the developed world are rooted in different institutional settings, different systems of innovation and different national innovation strategies.     

Sex discrimination in selection and compensation in Taiwan

This article describes the current status of women in the workplace in Taiwan. Statistical evidence shows sex segregation in the labour market. Discriminatory practices in the hiring process are documented via a content analysis of 7,037 classified ads. Overtly discriminatory actions, such as blatantly stated gender requirements in the classified ads, are shown to be still common in hiring practices. Census data on a gender gap in compensation shows that women in Taiwan evidently get less pay than men do for the same work. The ratio of female to male employees is significantly and negatively correlated with the ratio of female to male in pay. The higher the percentages of women in an industry, the lower the pay women get compared to men. Also, the ratio of female to male in pay is negatively related to the turnover rate. Companies that pay women fairly tend to enjoy lower turnover rates. The implications of these women's issues in human resource management in Taiwan are presented.     

Community leadership cycles and the consolidation of neighbourhood coalitions in the new local governance

The success of the new patterns of local governance depends on engaging communities in a range of partnerships at various geographic scales and administrative levels. In practice, this usually falls to a handful of community leaders in any given locality. Our research on area regeneration partnerships in the UK reveals a community leadership cycle, which proceeds through five phases. The first phase consists of the emergence of a first generation of leaders early on in a partnership, in the second phase their position in the partnership is consolidated and loyalty to the partnership developed, followed by a third phase of the cultivation of a second generation of leaders. Then comes a fourth phase in which the new generation of leaders raise their voices to challenge the established patterns of representation in the partnership. In the final phase, individual leaders exit from the partnership. This community leadership cycle is part of building multi-sector leadership coalitions in the neighbourhoods through strategies combining loyalty, voice and exit.     

物联网技术在军事物流中的应用研究

在世界新军事革命的时代背景下,把物联网理念与技术应用于军事物流,有利于提升我军后勤保障能力,也必将是未来军事物流的发展趋势。作者简要介绍了物联网技术在军事物流体系中的应用,并对目前应用中存在的问题进行了总结,最后提出了解决的措施与方法。     

Expatriate staffing in foreign subsidiaries of Japanese multinational corporations in the PRC and the United States

This study examines expatriate staffing in foreign wholly-owned subsidiaries and joint ventures of Japanese firms located in the People's Republic of China and the United States. Expatriates are conceptualized as performing two primary functions. The first is a control function in which the expatriate works to align the operations of the subsidiary with that of the Japanese parent. The second function is a knowledge role. In this role, either the expatriate acts to transfer the Japanese parent's knowledge to the subsidiary or the expatriate is an agent for the acquisition of host-country knowledge. We tested for these two functions using subsidiary-level data on Japanese firms' operations in China and the US. Our results indicate that the control function was more prominent in joint ventures in China than in the US. The results also indicate that expatriates played a more significant knowledge-transfer function role in technology and marketing-intensive industries in China than in the US. A lack of MNC experience in China was found to be associated with limited use of expatriates. Finally, expatriate employment was negatively related to the number of subsidiaries of the parent company worldwide.     

Measuring a boom and bust: The Sydney housing market 2001–2006

The Sydney housing market peaked in 2003. The period 2001–2006 is, therefore, of particular interest since it captures a boom and bust in the housing market. We compute hedonic, repeat-sales and median price indexes for five regions in Sydney over this period. While the three approaches are in broad agreement regarding the timing of the turning point in the housing market, some important differences also emerge. In particular, we find evidence of sample selection bias in our hedonic and repeat-sales data sets (with the former focusing more on better quality dwellings and the latter more on lower quality dwellings). These sample selection biases could in turn cause bias (in opposite directions) in our hedonic and repeat-sales indexes. Median indexes may likewise be biased as a result of an apparent decline in the average quality of dwellings sold in the latter part of the sample. We also find evidence of convergence in prices across regions during the boom and divergence in the subsequent bust.     

Managing AIDS in Africa: HRM challenges in Tanzania

The impact of the AIDS epidemic in developing countries, and in Africa in particular, is now a matter of great concern to policy makers, managers, and academics on a global scale. The magnitude of the potentially disastrous effects of the disease has severe implications for management in organizations, and, in particular, for HRM. The AIDS epidemic is imposing, and will continue to impose, in the foreseeable future, a significant burden on the way people are managed. Little has been written on HRM in Africa, and the present literature on AIDS and HRM in Western societies is inappropriate and insufficient in relation to African organizations. Fifteen organizations in Tanzania took part in this study, which is probably the first of its kind, to produce a picture of current developments and approaches in managing people under the threat of AIDS.     

An Investigation of Justice in supply chain relationships and their performance impact

Justice is important in improving performance of supply chain relationships. However, the role of justice in improving performance in supply chain relationships is an under-investigated subject in the literature. In studying the joint impact of justice dimensions, the traditional assumption is that the three forms of justice interact with each other in a multiplicative manner. However, this assumption creates a managerial problem as discussed in this paper. We outline a different view of how the justice dimensions interact with one another utilizing the constraining factor model (CFM). We show that the CFM resolves some of the problems arising from the choice of multiplicative interaction of justice measures on performance. Specifically, we demonstrate that an increase in procedural, distributive or interactional justice results in a significant and positive improvement in performance only if the specific justice dimension is the constraining factor in the relationship. Overall, our analysis suggests that all three dimensions are important and a high level of one of the justice elements will not compensate for a low level of another, a view that is put forward by a number of past research studies in justice. We discuss the theoretical and managerial implications of our findings.     

Longitudinal analysis of self-employment follow-through

The Hungarian economy was based on central planning for several decades and in comparison with the dominance of the great organizations that consisted of many smaller units, the role of small-sized enterprises was marginal. The change in the political climate involved recognition of and belief in entrepreneurship and the new legal system increased the opportunity for setting up new enterprises established on private and joint capital. Nevertheless, the changes in the organizational system of companies within the national economy appear to concentrate in time and territory in Northern Hungary. Increasing unemployment inspires the start of numerous enterprises even when the experience of entrepreneurship is missing and, in addition, the inclination towards it. This may result in difficulties and danger and a study of North Hungarian small businesses is therefore useful.

The aim of this research is to examine the position of SMEs in the North Hungarian industrial area, concentrating on questions that can not be answered by means of traditional statistics. Data were collected by surveying questionnaires. The questions referred to the development of SMEs in North Hungary.

Finally, the elements in the economic environment that may hinder or help successful operation of the enterprises were analysed. With the experience gained by our investigation we would like to help in the reinforcement of SMEs working in Northern Hungary.     

湖南省雷暴地闪特征初步分析

利用湖南省1980-2010年雷暴日数据、2008-2013年闪电数据,分析了湖南省雷暴和闪电变化特征。结果表明:湖南省属于雷暴多发区,年平均雷暴日数分布呈南高北低的趋势,沿雪峰山有个相对高值区,平均雷暴日数在30d到70d之间。湖南省6年的年平均闪电条数35万余条,雷电高发时段为4-9月,其中7月是全年闪电活动最密集的月份。春季(3-5月)闪电逐时分布呈现双峰型,高峰值出现在02时、17时,夏季(6-8月)闪电多集中在下午15-17时,秋季(9月)高峰期集中在15-16时。湖南省闪电密度分布和闪电强度分布,高值区均在娄底、郴州,全省闪电主要强度分布在20-80kA。