Off-Farm Work Participation of Israeli Farm Couples: the Importance of Farm Work Participation Status

This article claims that coefficients of off-farm work participation equations for farm residents might be estimated inconsistently if selectivity based on farm participation is ignored. Participation equations will be different for farm residents who do not work on farm, especially with respect to the dependence of reservation wages on farm attributes. I estimate an endogenous switching regression model in which farm and off-farm participation equations are estimated jointly while the off-farm participation coefficients are different for those who work on farm and those who don't. Using the 1981 Israeli Census of Agriculture data, I reject the hypothesis of insignificant selection bias and the hypothesis of equal coefficients in the two subsamples.     

英格兰林地补助金及其对我国森林资源管理政策的启示

英格兰林地补助金是在欧盟共同农业和农村发展政策框架下的林地管理和补助政策。突出特点是按照森林资源经营的不同阶段设置不同的补助标准,采用现代化信息技术作为森林资源管理和补助发放的手段,资金瞄准率高,实现了在最大限度地利用森林资源的同时,最大化国土生态效益的目标。阐述了英格兰林地补助金的主要内容,分析了其政策的突出特点和管理理念,提出了值得我国公益林建设借鉴的思路。     

关于农户信息化问题的思考

农业信息如何进村入户、如何提高农业信息资源的利用率是我国农业信息化过程中面临的现实问题。本文提出了农户信息化的概念,并在分析发展农户信息化面临问题的基础上,从政府的信息服务和农户信息素质两个角度提出了实现农户信息化的途径,对解决农业信息入户和信息资源利用率低的问题做了有益的探讨。     

A Market-Forces Policy for the New Farm Economy?

This paper first discusses the changes that are bringing about the New Farm Economy. A wave of consolidation has shifted agricultural production to larger, lower cost producers in almost all sectors of agriculture. At the same time, supply chains represent a new form of ownership and control that is replacing commodity markets as the preferred way to market farm output. Both consolidation and the development of supply chains offer the possibility of producing a greater variety of safer, cheaper food. The paper argues that farm policy, crafted for the agriculture of the 1930s, is no longer necessary to raise or stabilize farm incomes, and is largely ineffective anyway. Moreover, farm policy impedes the market forces driving innovation and efficiency in the farm economy. Letting market forces guide the evolution of the farm economy, unfettered by outdated government programs and unnecessary farm subsidies, is the best way to harness the benefits of the New Farm Economy. Getting rid of government subsidies and control will lead to dramatically fewer farmers in agriculture: a policy to deal explicitly with those who will leave agriculture is needed. A transition policy is described that focuses on helping reduce the number of farmers by offering a buyout to farm producers which subsidizes their exit from farming and prevents reentry.     

Family Composition and Off-Farm Participation Decisions in Israeli Farm Households

This article studies the relationship between the off-farm participation behavior of farm operators and their spouses and the demographic composition of the household. We focus on farm families without parents, siblings or partners, and examine the effects of the existence of elderly children of the farm couple. We find that both the father and the mother tend to reduce their participation in off-farm work as the number of elderly children rises. This result holds even after controlling for observed characteristics. We also find that the effect of elderly children stems from considerations related to both farm production and household production.     

Alternative Policy Instruments for Agriculture Support: Consequences for Trade, Farm Income and Competitiveness

The views expressed are solely those of the authors and should not be attributed to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development or Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada.     

国有厚畛子林场薪酬激励机制研究

利用回归模型得出国有厚畛子林场激励机制对于林场的经营业绩有重大影响。针对目前林场激励机制存在的问题,提出以现代激励理论为基础,建立国有厚畛子林场科学的保健薪酬机制及激励薪酬机制,并引入期权激励这种长期激励方法,从而实现厚畛子林场对员工的有效激励。     

基于WebGIS的宁波地价信息发布方案设计

基于WebGIS的宁波地价信息发布方案和实现方法,采用SuperMapIS平台,利用ASP技术和脚本语言JavaScript,以及HTML技术,响应浏览器端的动态请求,实现对土地级别、基准地价、地价监测点等空间信息的查询、显示和图形的缩放、漫游。并通过地价监测点数据与地籍系统集成,实现对土地价格的动态监测与地价监测点资料的即时更新。     

A New U.S. Farm Household Typology: Implications for Agricultural Policy

Changes in U.S. agriculture have yielded a diversity of farm types. These changes have extended beyond the farm business and into the farm household. The objective of this research is to motivate, develop, and discuss the policy implications of a new typology of U.S. farm households, which is based on household economic theory. Using the 2003 Agricultural Resource Management Survey and statistical analysis, the U.S. Farm Household Typology identifies six mutually exclusive groups of U.S. farm households. This typology is then compared to the current Economic Research Service Farm Typology and used to investigate the distribution of government payments.     

土地政策参与宏观调控的SWOT分析

运用土地政策参与宏观调控是我国在新时期提出来的一个重大理论和实践问题,有助于丰富、完善社会主义宏观调控理论,有利于国民经济持续、健康、稳定发展,具有重大的理论价值与现实意义.探讨了土地政策能够参与宏观调控的理论依据,运用SWOT分析法,对土地政策参与宏观调控的优势、劣势以及面临的机遇和挑战与货币政策、财政政策进行了比较分析,最后给出了土地政策参与宏观调控的对策建议.     

土地金融政策参与宏观调控研究

近年来,随着我国经济发展步伐的加大,土地的利用和管理出现了一些不容忽视的问题,因此,土地金融政策在参与宏观调控中的作用日益明显。从土地金融政策的概念入手,阐述土地金融政策参与宏观调控的内在机制和必要性,针对我国土地金融政策参与宏观调控运行中存在的不足,提出加强对国际金融形势和国外土地金融及其政策的研究,建立我国土地金融政策体系:构建国家土地宏观调控基金或其他土地金融调控手段等建议。     

Entry, Exit, and Farm Size: Assessing an Experiment in Dairy Price Policy

This article models and estimates the forces behind farm exits and changes in herd-size among Connecticut dairy farms under the New England Dairy Compact. A model of sunk costs and farm capital investment is used to specify two econometric estimations: a random effects probit model of farm entry and exit and an autocorrelated generalized least squares panel data model of farm size. The Dairy Compact's price strategy reduced farm exits and moderately increased cow numbers. In contrast, development pressures and historically low unemployment rates increased farm exits.     

Efficient Contract Design for Agri-Environment Policy

This paper evaluates alternative designs for contracts between a regulator and an agricultural producer to increase the supply of environmental public goods. Contract design, based on the principal-agent model, takes into account an asymmetry of information between the regulator and producer whereby the regulator is unable to observe precisely the producer's compliance costs. An example is included of contracts designed for nitrate abatement.