新自由主义研究

本文在系统分析研究新自由主义理论流派及其发展的基础上认为,新自由主义主张自由化、私有化、市场化和全球“一体化”,其本质是适应国家垄断资本向国际垄断资本转变要求的理论思潮、思想体系和政策主张。作为资产阶级经济理论的新自由主义同将新自由主义范式化、政治化和国家意识形态化的“华盛顿共识”不能等同;对于前者应批判性地吸收、借鉴;对于后者须坚决批判、抵制,谨慎落入“一体化”陷阱。     

MASSIVE DIVESTITURE AND PRIVATIZATION LESSONS FROM CHILE

Between 1974 and 1989, the Chilean government privatized 550 state-owned enterprises (SOEs). Before 1974, all but a handful of major corporations were SOEs. About 50 of the largest enterprises privatized during the 1970s fell into government hands again, only to be re-privatized later. This was due partly to the economic and financial crisis affecting most Latin American countries during the early 1980s but also was a consequence of the privatization modes used. This paper analyzes that unique privatization experience so as to extract policy lessons. The analysis focuses on economic conditions, objectives of government policy, privatization modes, and the divestiture effects on employment, fiscal revenues, public sector wealth, spread of ownership, and capital market development.     

POLITICAL ECONOMY OF CONTRACTUAL DISPUTES IN PRIVATE WATER AND SANITATION:LESSONS FROM ARGENTINA

ABSTRACT 1 : This paper examines the causes of the contractual disputes in the water and sanitation sectors and the resulting reversal of the privatization process. The evidence has been gathered from four major case studies in Argentina. The discussion is based on the evidence contained in the legal submissions made by the Government of Argentina and the disputing companies to the International Centre for the Settlement of Investment Disputes. The findings of the paper offer important lessons for the design and management of similar contracts for other countries.     

Privatization: British style

Three strong radical Conservative administrations under United Kingdom Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher embarked on an extensive program of privatization at the beginning of the 1980s. This article surveys that experience and ends by considering whether there are any, even limited, lessons to be drawn of relevance to the USA.     

借鉴国际经验完善我国财政审计

财政审计是发展我国社会主义市场经济的需要，对加强财政收支管理，增强国力，防止职务腐败等都有重要意义。美国、英国、日本三个主要发达国家的财政审计比较完善，借鉴它们经验，有利于规范和完善我国财政审计，推动市场机制完善和促进经济稳定发展。     

俄罗斯生产力布局理论的演变及对中国的借鉴意义

前苏联经济地理学的学术思想,对计划经济条件下生产力布局的研究做出了很大贡献,我国生产力布局的形式与方法大多来源于具有计划经济特色的前苏联模式。苏联解体后,传统的计划经济被市场经济所取代,俄罗斯的经济地理学按照市场经济规律,发展了生产力布局理论。文章论述了苏联及俄罗斯生产力布局规律及原则等理论的演变特点,并提出了对我国社会主义市场经济条件下生产力布局的借鉴意义。     

中国寿险业增长中的人才贡献率研究

2011年以来,整个寿险业面临增速放缓的巨大压力,如何顺利实现转型发展战略成为关注的焦点。从人才建设角度,利用行业内具有影响力寿险公司作为代表,借鉴国际通用要素贡献率计算方法,对我国寿险业人才贡献率进行了初步测算,并从管理制度、培训体系和企业文化等方面提出了相关政策建议。     

Mixed markets in bilateral monopoly

Should we expect to see patterns in the privatization of a public bilateral monopoly? To address this question, the paper analyzes the welfare implications of privatization and examines the interplay of firm location in the vertical stream, differential priorities on private and public profit in welfare and cost asymmetries in a mixed bilateral monopoly. We conclude that merely comparing cost savings from privatization upstream/downstream, is inadequate. If public profit is relatively insignificant in welfare, then only relative cost savings matter. However, if public profit is sufficiently important, then privatization downstream will maximize welfare if it is as (or more) cost effective compared to privatization upstream. We find that downstream privatization can be better than upstream privatization even when the latter is more cost effective than the former.     

我国商业银行利率风险管理系统构建

文章分析了我国商业银行利率风险的表现形式，并借鉴国外商业银行利率风险管理的经验。在此基础上，提出构建有效的利率风险管理系统的建议。     

中国民营银行发展的国际经验借鉴

民营银行区别于国有商业银行,是中国特有的商业银行形态。其最大的特点是按市场机制自主运作,不受政府干预。但这一优势的发挥是以健全的信用环境、发达的金融市场和有效的监管体系为前提的。纵观境内外民营银行的发展历程,有成功也有失败。中国开放民营银行应当充分吸取国外失败的教训,学习其成功经验,从宏观与微观的角度做足准备,迎接金融深化改革的新纪元。     

Privatization and capital formation in developing countries: an empirical analysis

The spur for privatization and its impact on economic performance have been analysed from many perspectives, including microeconomics, macroeconomics, and institutional economics. Previous research has focused on efficiency reasons for privatization at the level of the firm, and the relative performance of state‐owned enterprises and privately owned firms. This article investigates the macroeconomic facet of privatization with particular attention paid to the relation between privatization and capital formation in developing countries. Our study uses recent World Bank data on privatization for 105 countries over the time period 1988–2003. We explore the impact of privatization on capital formation by conducting two‐stage least squares and ordinary least squares estimations within three time frames. Our findings indicate that the effect of privatization on capital formation varies across regions and time frames. In general, privatization is neutral with regard to investment.     

Management and employee buy-outs from the Austrian public sector

This paper seeks to extend our understanding of the nature and effects of privatization to the case of Austria, a relatively small economy in which management buy-outs have been a numerically important but neglected part of the privatization programme. The study reviews the development of privatization in Austria and sets management and employee buy-outs within this context. The paper identifies 35 privatization buy-outs, analysing their form and industrial distribution. Evidence from detailed interviews with the 22 largest is used to analyse the effects of buy-out on corporate change, the role of insiders and performance. Comparisons are made with the UK, where management and employee buy-outs have also been an important part of the privatization programme.     

在校大学生劳动法主体资格研究

尽管当前中国在校大学生是否属于劳动法资格主体存在不同地区不同判决的现状,经过雇佣理论和司法实践分析,在校大学生应当具备劳动法主体资格是不可阻挡的趋势;中国政府应该借鉴西方的雇佣理论和体制。     

借鉴行为科学做好企业管理工作

本文在简要介绍西方行为科学所揭示的人的“生存行为规律”、“消费行为规律”和“精力变化规律”的基础上,论述了如何借鉴行为科学做好企业中人的管理工作和实现销售促进的几点浅见。     

关于建立和完善我国循环经济法律的思考

循环经济是符合可持续发展要求的先进发展模式；循环经济法律是循环经济发展的保障；当前我国循环经济立法的必要性与指导原则；我国应借鉴日本、欧美等国的先进立法经验，建立和完善具有中国特色的循环经济法律体系。     

日本循环经济立法实践及其对中国的启示

当前日本已经实现了循环经济法治化,而中国循环经济的发展才刚刚起步,循环经济法律制度还很不完善,特别是循环经济法的缺失,难以运用权威的法律手段保障和引导循环经济的持续发展。因此,通过借鉴日本循环经济立法的成功经验,确立适合中国国情的循环经济法基本原则,构建循环经济法在生产建设、流通消费、激励支持等环节的特有法律制度是解决这一问题的路径选择。     

日本邮政民营化改革解析及启示

日本邮政民营化改革的基本背景是邮政公社在日本邮政事务中居绝对垄断的地位,这样的业务结构有诸多弊端。邮政民营化改革是小泉政府实现其"小政府、大经济"施政纲领的具体体现。尽管邮政民营化改革议案最初遭到了部分国民、在野党和执政党的反对,但小泉所采取的"问信于民"的策略使邮政民营化改革议案最终获得了通过。日本邮政民营化改革对中国邮政体制改革的启示是:放宽市场准入,引入竞争机制;重视体制改革中的利益集团问题;重视"问信于民"的改革策略。     

Optimal Privatization and Economic Growth in a Schumpeterian Economy

This paper analyzes the growth and welfare effects of the privatization of public firms in a Schumpeterian growth model. Two alternative definitions of privatization are proposed in our model. The first is the ratio of mixed R&D firms’ equity shares owned by the household, which is dubbed vertical privatization. The second is the number of unmixed R&D firms, which is called horizontal privatization. We find that, under both definitions, privatization is beneficial to economic growth while the effect of privatization on social welfare is ambiguous. Accordingly, our analysis reveals that a partial privatization could be an optimal policy. Moreover, we also discuss how the extent of patent protection is related to optimal privatization.     

西方发达国家财政体制的启示

西方主要发达国家财政体制经过长期的实践,已经十分成熟,它对中国财政体制改革具有很好的借鉴作用。中国要进一步进行财政体制改革,应借鉴世界上市场经济国家财政体制的实践结合本国当前的实际,建立“二元合一、城乡一体、事权明确、合理分权、体系完善、协调发展”的新型财政体制。     

文化旅游：震后四川旅游业发展的方向

以灾后重建为契机,新建一批与地震相关的旅游景点,突出学习和怀念的主题。已经有业内人士指出,应该在四川重灾区建地震博物馆;四川旅游局也有意围绕汶川地震带开辟一条新的旅游线路。地震是灾难,为了减少灾难,我们就应该多从灾难中去吸取教训,学习我们不懂得的知识。比如通过对汶川地震震中原貌、地震断裂带、堰塞湖等的参观和讲解,都能让许多不知地震的人们懂得许多地震的知识和防震的技巧;走进地震博物馆,我们还能缅怀那些在地震中罹难的同胞和牺牲的英雄。