Managing technology intelligence processes in situations of radical technological change

For established companies, radical technological change is not only a challenge, but it also constitutes a major source of failure. By establishing effective technology intelligence processes, companies may react to radical trends in time which is a prerequisite for coping with technological change. Therefore, this study analyzes the technology intelligence processes in 25 multinational companies in the pharmaceutical, telecommunications equipment and automobile industries in the context of radical technological change. In the three industries, the technologies combinatorial chemistry, dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) and fuel cell are used as settings to analyze these processes on the technology level against the background of the company-level perspective. By applying this complex view, which allows to take into account interactions between different organizational mechanisms and between different hierarchical levels inside a firm, three types of organizing technology intelligence processes can be identified: the participatory, the hybrid and the hierarchical technology intelligence process. The organization of the technology intelligence process according to the three types is influenced by the corporate culture and the decision-making style of the companies. Furthermore, industry differences are identified which may be explained by different rates of radical technological change in the industries. This study suggests that more complex and differentiated views on radical technological change, on corporate technology intelligence processes and on the variety of organizational structures involved in these processes are required.     

新兴能源领域创业和产业形成机制探析

分析了新兴能源领域中创业与一般创业的区别,认为能源紧缺和环境破坏导致制度变化——这是新兴能源领域中创业机会形成的最重要原因。就规制、规范和认知3种不同类型的制度的变化对新兴能源领域中创业机会的影响进行了具体探讨,认为创业者通过整合技术、资金和资源来建立新组织,并与大公司相互作用,从而形成新兴能源领域的技术创新和商业模式创新,进而促进新兴能源产业的产生和演变。最后提出了新兴能源领域创业和产业形成机制的分析框架,指出将制度理论与创业相结合是该领域未来最重要的研究方向之一。     

The shift from theory to innovation: the evolution of Brazilian research frontiers 2005–2011

Proliferation of emerging economies as significant sources of competitive knowledge is a key feature of globalisation, often driven by government policies fostering domestic research-based innovation capabilities. To cast light on this common emerging economy effort to move from catch-up towards the global innovation frontier, we analyse the evolution of the focus of Brazilian research frontiers 2005–2011 with bibliometric methods. Our results demonstrate a gradual and moderate shift from theoretical scientific knowledge to more innovation-centred knowledge in the most influential Brazilian research, indicating the increased prominence and quality of innovation focused efforts in country's knowledge system. Thus, the recent expansion of Brazil's innovation system is accompanied by qualitative transformations of the research system, in part driven by nationally emerging research fields and technologies. Conceptually, we consider the overall importance of scientific research for developing and emerging economy innovation system build-up.     

Research and development in the growth process

This paper introduces into Schumpeterian growth theory an important element of heterogeneity in the structure of innovative activity—namely, the distinction between research and development. We construct a simple model of growth to investigate how the (steady-state) rate of growth affects and is affected by the relative mix between research and development. Although we assume for simplicity that the total supply of innovative activity is given it turns out that, with one important exception, the growth rate responds to most parameter changes in the same way as in previous models where growth was determined by the total amount of innovative activity. In particular, the level of research tends to covary positively with the rate of growth, even in the extreme case where the general knowledge that underlies long-run growth is created only by secondary innovations arising from the development process. The exception concerns the effects of competition on growth. Although simpler Schumpeterian growth models implied that increased competition would reduce growth by reducing the incentive to innovate, introducing the distinction between research and development implies that this effect is likely to be reversed.     

顾客购买驱动的新营销理论

本文基于购买驱动因素的分析，提出了相应的定位内容及其功能，进而提出了基于购买驱动因素的营销理论模型。     

技术创新与战略性新兴产业的协调发展

论述了战略性新兴产业的定义、内涵和特征,分析了战略性新兴产业的发展路径。在此基础上,运用物理学中的耦合理论,分析了技术创新与战略性新兴产业的互动耦合发展关系,并构建了两者间耦合协调度评价指标体系。利用我国高技术产业的统计数据,计算了技术创新与5大战略性新兴产业的耦合协调度。最后给出了促进两者耦合协调发展、培育和发展战略性新兴产业的政策建议。     

基于TRIZ的战略性新兴产业技术创新方法研究

战略性新兴产业是技术突破与创新产品市场化深度融合的产业,技术创新对战略性新兴产业的发展尤为重要。TRIZ理论作为国际公认的重要创新方法之一,能够有效地解决战略性新兴产业技术创新中存在的主要问题。将TRIZ分析解决问题的创新思维方法嵌入到产业技术创新过程中,针对战略性新兴产业在发展过程中存在的技术范式不确定、知识产权及科研管理机制不健全、资源配置机制不合理等问题,从制约技术创新的瓶颈、路径分析、创新方案确立等方面探索战略性新兴产业技术方法问题,针对产业技术创新的萌芽期、成长期、成熟期,分别制定出合理的创新方案。     

Strategic niche management: towards a policy tool for sustainable development

Strategic niche management (SNM) is a recently developed approach that could help induce a broad socio-technical transition towards more sustainable development. It is designed to facilitate the introduction and diffusion of new sustainable technologies through protected societal experiments in fields such wind energy, biogas, public transport systems, electric vehicle transport and eco-friendly food production. A major challenge in SNM concerns the processes by which such experiments can evolve into viable market niches and ultimately contribute to a broader shift towards sustainable development. This paper sheds more light on this issue by systematically consolidating the main SNM studies, and by bringing in new insights from the literature that is in some sense complementary to SNM. These are studies on the development and commercialisation of radical innovations in large companies, and literature about infant industry protection and broader industrialisation processes in developing countries. A number of suggestions for implementing SNM are given.     

金融监管漏洞的形成机制及其在我国的应用

金融监管的效果可由金融产品向量和金融监管向量的点积的期望值来表示,由此构建一个解释金融监管漏洞产生机制的模型。模型的分析表明,不仅有关金融产品的监管力度和范畴不够完善、金融混业经营的分业监管会产生监管漏洞,而且基于金融产品新特性的金融创新以及在监管力度不一的分层监管架构下有监管来源级别的选择权时,也必然会产生监管漏洞。具体应用于我国的金融监管现状,漏洞的产生则主要基于监管方法的局限性和监管力度的不足,而非机制设计的缺陷。