Corporate Investment and Information Technologies: The Case of the Greek Refining Industry

The need to improve competitiveness and the enforcement of stringent environmental regulations created the need for the technological modernization of the Greek oil refining industry. The emphasis in this paper is on the pattern of investment decisions, the linkages between the acquisition of production processes and supporting IT applications and on the influence exercised by new technological investment projects on the availability of endogenous resources required to facilitate the adoption of technical change at the firm level. The Greek experience suggests that the role of IT application is becoming increasingly important in large-scale investment projects. The successful implementation of these projects depends, to a large extent, on the learning processes and the accumulation of knowledge at the firm level. These learning processes are directly linked to the specific requirements of the production process and our evidence support that there is a lack of positive feedback between administrative applications and the successful introduction of new manufacturing technologies.     

The Reverse Direct Investment: The Case of the Korean Consumer Electronics Industry

This paper discusses the nature of foreign direct investments by firms from developing countries in industrialized country markets, which is coined as “reverse direct investment.” On the basis of the experiences of the Korean consumer electronics firms operating in the U.S., this paper identifies the nature of the investment as “defensive” and “premature“ strategic moves of firms in their internationalization process. There investment are made not to exploit firms' monopolistic firm-specific advantages, but to protect their export markets at an earlier time than economic forces might have led them to do. However, in the process, firms try to convert their home country-specific advantage (e.g. low labor cost) into firm-specific ones as much as possible. [440]     

风投机构行业专业化投资强度对企业创新能力的影响

风险投资既能缓解创业企业融资困难,又能为创业企业提供管理支持和资源整合等附加价值服务。以2009-2014年中国创业板上市企业为研究样本,构建行业专业化投资强度指标,实证检验我国风险投资机构行业专业化投资强度与目标企业研发创新能力的关系。研究发现,无论从研发创新资源（研发投入强度、研发人员占比）还是研发创新成果（授权专利数）角度,风投机构行业专业化投资强度对目标企业研发创新能力都具有显著正向影响。进一步研究发现,风投机构行业专业化投资强度与目标企业研发创新成果（授权专利数）呈倒“U”型关系。最后,从风险投资机构投资策略选择、目标企业融资决策以及创业板审核监管机制3个方面提出对策建议。     

Origin of FDI and Intra‐Industry Domestic Spillovers: The Case of Greek and European FDI in Bulgaria

This paper uses firm‐level data to assess the horizontal impact of foreign firm ownership on domestic productivity in Bulgaria. We identify a theoretical tradeoff between technological distance (of domestic versus foreign firms) and internalization capacity (of spillovers) and examine the extent to which this is reflected in the impact on the domestic economy of different types and origins of FDI. Emphasis is placed upon the effects of Greek FDI, which is known to be of a distinctively “regional” character. We find that Greek FDI produces significantly larger positive spillovers, which appear more suitable for the Bulgarian context of transition and economic restructuring. We also unveil some notable “hysteresis” and “technology bias” effects for FDI spillovers of all origins, as well as some country‐specific ownership‐structure and threshold effects.     

基于财务数据的信息甄别——以通信产业为例

在证券市场上 ,始终存在着信息不足和信息过载的情况。低效率的信息处理方法无法令投资者做出正确的投资判断。本文以通信类上市公司为例 ,对上市公司公开可获得的财务数据的甄别做些理论探讨。具体地讲是为当前通信类上市公司转型阶段的确定提供一种与定性的基本面分析相结合的转型阶段判别模型分析方法 ,使投资者能够拨开“概念和题材”的迷雾 ,对通信类上市公司的转型有一个科学、客观的判断。本文模型的判别结果与基本面的分析具有高度的一致性     

最终控制人性质、会计信息质量与公司投资效率——来自中国上市公司的经验证据

结合Bushman和Smith的研究框架与我国新兴加转轨的制度背景,以我国沪深上市公司为研究样本,实证发现,会计信息质量与私人产权控股公司、国有资产管理部门和地方所属国有企业控股上市公司的投资过度显著负相关,且这种负相关性在它们间无明显差异;会计信息质量与私人产权控股投资不足显著负相关,但与国有资产管理部门、地方所属国有企业控股上市公司的中央直属国有企业控股上市公司的投资不足负相关性不显著。因此,本文的政策建议是加快完善我国上市公司财务报告和信息披露系统的市场基础设施建设,以更好地发挥会计信息在公司资本配置中的作用。     

Mind the Gap: Information and Communication Technologies, Knowledge Activities and Innovation in the Pharmaceutical Industry

The paper explores the specific challenges facing the pharmaceutical industry regarding the exploitation of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in the context of developing new frameworks supporting knowledge activity and the wider innovation process. The paper seeks to provide a framework to view these changes but also highlights gaps in our current conceptualization of the role of ICTs in facilitating and effecting change within the pharmaceutical industry.     

Mind the Gap: Information and Communication Technologies,Knowledge Activities and Innovation in the Pharmaceutical Industry

The paper explores the specific challenges facing the pharmaceutical industry regarding the exploitation of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in the context of developing new frameworks supporting knowledge activity and the wider innovation process. The paper seeks to provide a framework to view these changes but also highlights gaps in our current conceptualization of the role of ICTs in facilitating and effecting change within the pharmaceutical industry.     

The Influence of Financial Factors on Corporate Investment

Abstract
Recent theoretical developments have shown that cash flows and the structure of a firm's balance sheet may have an important influence on investment. Establishing a link between cash flows, leverage and investment provides insights into the way that monetary policy and cyclical factors more generally influence the corporate sector. If cash flows are an important determinant of investment then changes in monetary policy (by changing interest rates) will influence investment through a cash flow effect as well as through altering the rate at which the returns to investment are discounted. If this is the case, the higher leverage of the corporate sector implies, other things being equal, that monetary policy may have a larger impact on investment than in the past .
In this article we use panel-data analysis to examine the impact of financial factors on investment decisions of firms in the Australian corporate sector. We find strong support for the influence of financial factors on investment decisions. Leverage, internally generated cash flows, and the stock of cash and liquid financial assets are all important influences on investment behaviour, particularly for smaller firms, highly leveraged firms, and firms with high retention ratios .     

中国工业企业投资的资本成本敏感性分析

本文以新古典投资模型为分析框架,首次使用1999—2007年中国全部国有及规模以上工业企业数据库,采用GMM动态面板方法估计了中国企业投资的资本成本敏感性,并检验了市场化改革是否显著提高了国有企业投资的资本成本敏感性。估计结果显示:(1)中国工业企业投资的资本成本敏感性显著为负,但相比净现金流系数,企业投资受资本成本的影响较小;(2)私营和外资企业的投资对资本成本较为敏感,而国有和集体企业的投资对资本成本不敏感;(3)市场化改革显著弱化了各类型企业的融资约束,但并没有显著提高各类型企业尤其是国有企业投资的资本成本敏感性。中国目前利率传导机制不畅的重点环节在企业投资,双轨制的利率模式和管制利率的低估扭曲了利率的价格信号作用,并创造了资金套利空间,加重了资金市场的二元结构特征,加快利率市场化步伐和继续深化国有企业改革是提高价格型货币政策工具有效性的必要途径。     

The Value Relevance of Earnings and Nonearnings Information in Regulated and Deregulated Markets: The Case of the Airline Industry

This paper examines the valuation effects of earnings and two nonearnings-based measurements (book values and operating cash flow) on security prices of airline companies under two different market structures: regulated and deregulated. The literature lacks empirical evidence in examining the relative importance of earnings and nonearnings accounting-based measurements in regulated and deregulated markets, especially in the airlines industry. We compare coefficient estimates of regressing stock prices on earnings, book value, and cash flow from operations of airline companies during regulated and deregulated times. A control sample of manufacturing companies is also used for supporting inferences from the airline sample’s findings. In a typical regulated market, using cost recovery plus an adequate rate of return on assets, security prices are highly aligned with nonearnings measurements such as the book value. In the airline industry, regulation took the form of guaranteed routes and subsidies to service rural areas, giving rise to a differential effect of both earnings and nonearnings measurements. Under deregulation, airline firms operate in highly competitive markets with large airline firms enjoying the benefits of economy of scale and service diversification. Thus, the asset capitalization (book value), cash flow, and operational efficiencies (earnings) would be major indicators in the market assessment of the firm’s future profitability and security price. This paper finds that nonearnings measures have higher explanatory power of security prices in regulated times for the airline firms. In deregulated times, although earnings have a stronger relationship with prices, nonearnings measures continued to influence stock price levels, reflecting airline specific economics.

中国信息产业国际直接投资环境的评估

信息产业国际直接投资环境对东道国利用PDI发展IT产业具有显著的影响 ,而投资环境评估在投资环境研究中具有关键性的意义。在理论研究的基础上 ,选取了 4类 37项指标 ,综合运用模糊论、层次分析法、相关性分析等方法 ,建立了IT产业FDI环境多指标评估模型 ,利用该模型对中国、美国、新加坡的IT产业FDI环境进行了定量评估和系统比较。分析显示 ,中国IT产业的FDI环境与美国相比差距很大 ,与新加坡相比差距则较小。依据评估结果分析了中国的IT产业FDI投资环境 ,并提出了相应的改善建议。     

QFII对创新投入及企业价值的影响

基于2007-2016年我国沪深两市A股上市公司数据,研究QFII持股对创新投入和企业价值的影响,并深入探讨行业特征和高管任职特征对QFII持股与创新投入的调节作用,以及创新投入在QFII持股与企业价值间的中介作用。结果发现：QFII持股有助于促进企业增加创新投入,行业特征和高管任职特征对两者关系具有显著调节作用;另外,QFII持股有利于提升企业价值,创新投入在两者间发挥了中介作用。最后,提出政府和企业应重视QFII的积极作用,通过制定相应政策吸引QFII投资。     

现金持有动机与公司投资行为分析

近年来,国外和中国的公司普遍出现大量持有现金的现象,在不同的现金持有动机下,现金持有对公司投资行为的影响是不一样的。现有关于现金持有动机及其对投资行为的影响研究结论不一。在中国特殊的制度背景下,未来研究的重点是：将现金持有动机、公司投资行为和公司治理诸因素结合研究,探寻改善经理人行为的有效措施,促使经理人和股东利益趋于一致。     

Corporate Investment and Tax Disincentive: Evidence from China

This study investigates how taxes influence corporate investment behavior. Based on a census of Chinese industrial enterprises, we utilize a tax-adjusted q model to examine the effects of taxes on corporate investment in fixed assets in China. Results show that the effective tax rate has a relatively small but significantly negative impact on Chinese firms’ investment in fixed assets. We extend the tax-adjusted q model to control for the lagged investment effect and peer effect of investment. Models with these effects do better at explaining the impact of taxes on firms’ investment. The lagged investment models present smaller but significant tax disincentive. Firms compete for investment with other firms both in the same region and in the same industry through peer effect. In addition, the tax disincentive differs among state owned enterprises, private enterprises, and other enterprises in China.     

公司多元化折价:寻租与投资偏差

相对于业务集中的企业来说,多元化公司往往出现市场价值贬损,尽管造成这一现象的原因多种多样,但部门经理寻租引致公司经理配置资源出现偏差,则是产生公司多元化折价的重要根源之一.文章基于这一思想,通过建立模型进行了深入分析,得出多元化公司往往出现折价并给出了影响折价的一些重要因素.     

中国投资产业结构的偏差及其调整

本文认为,矫正我国投资产业结构必须从调整投资结构入手，以增量投资扩大和存量投资调整为手段，通过政府引导，使投资结构与产业结构动态发展的方向一致，提高各产业的劳动生产率，促进产业结构的优化和升级。     

税收竞争对企业投融资行为影响的实证研究

税收竞争是地方政府争夺流动性要素的主要手段之一。本文以税收竞争对企业投融资行为的影响为研究对象,探讨了宏观政策对微观决策的影响机制。构建了一个简单的静态模型,并基于中国工业企业数据库中的制造业企业数据进行实证检验。研究发现:税收竞争对企业投融资行为有显著的影响,税收竞争每增加1个百分点,会显著促进企业增加投资6.5个百分点,同时会显著降低企业外部融资;税收竞争对企业投融资的影响只显著存在于非国有企业,在国有企业中并不显著。本文的研究揭示税收竞争对企业行为的影响机制,为破解产能过剩以及降低企业杠杆提供了一定的参考。     

欧洲一体化和变革中的公司治理结构：法国的个案分析

欧洲一体化进程伴随着欧元的来临,迈出了至关重要的一步.各成员国不仅就他们各自的结构性政策,而且在联合性政策方面做出了重大的协调.认为欧洲一体化不仅是政策融合的过程,更意味着组织上结构的相互趋同的观点已经不绝于耳.     

Commercializing Cleaner New Technologies: The Case of Microturbine Generators

Based on a study of the emerging microturbine industry, this paper argues that recent trends towards preventive and product-oriented industrial environmental management are problematic from the technology suppliers' perspective. This is especially evident in the suppliers' initial efforts to define markets and applications during early stages of commercialization. The distinction between product innovation driven by explicit or perceived user needs and innovation in environmental technology driven by regulatory demands has become blurred. This means that suppliers have had to interact simultaneously with both users and regulators in order to articulate the demand and acceptance for the new technology.