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论不同金融结构对技术创新的影响 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
从金融功能出发,分析了不同金融结构——以金融市场为主的金融结构与银行中介为主的金融结构对技术创新的影响。由于银行中介的风险内部化,且在信息处理上不能反映存款人的不同观点,使其不适合为高风险、高收益的高科技产业融资;而金融市场有利于投资者通过资产组合分散风险,且能提供表达不同投资者不同意见的机制,使其更能支持技术创新。这一结论已为发达国家产业发展所证实。在此基础上,解释了我国科技型中小企业融资难的金融制度原因,并提出了有关的对策建议。 相似文献
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The multiplier effects resulting from an isolated increase in the level of public consumption within different public branches are investigated and the policy implications are discussed. The article begins with a theorethical analysis which shows why and in which ways these multipliers can be expected to differ between public branches. Thereafter, an empirical investigation is given, based on simulations with an econometric model of the Swedish economy. In this model the public activities are divided into 13 different public branches. The effects of an increase in public consumption on employment, imports and private consumption are found to differ considerably depending on which branch of the public sector is expanded. Some implications for short run stabilization policy are discussed. The article ends with a special analysis of the implications for a medium term planning problem: the trade off between private and public consumption growth. This analysis throws new light on the old topic "private or public consumption". In an economy with highly differentiated production in the public sector the trade-off is shown not to be unique. The sacrifice of private consumption growth corresponding to a given growth of public consumption expenditures will vary considerably according to the distribution of the public consumption growth within the different branches of the public sector. 相似文献
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If surveys offer two different measurements of household income, one can use them simultaneously to identify the potential effects of measurement error on the observed-income mobility of the poor. In this paper we investigate transition tables between subsequent income states. Latent Markov models are used to model incorrect classifications of income states. Misclassifications are interpreted as measurement error or spurious changes that are not consistent with a simple transition table model. The empirical results for the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP) show that the observed transition tables overestimate the mobility between poverty states. 相似文献
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RYUZO MIYAO 《The Japanese Economic Review》2005,56(2):165-187
This paper re‐examines whether the money supply (M2 + CDs) can predict future economic activity in Japan, using recent data to the end of 2003. I find that the linkage between M2 and income or prices has largely disappeared since the late 1990s. Evidence suggests that (i) time deposit behaviour is primarily responsible for the breakdown in the M2–income relationship; (ii) bank loans also lost their predictive content in the late 1990s; and (iii) there has been a close link between time deposits and bank loans. Non‐performing loans problems and ongoing restructuring may be root causes of these findings. 相似文献