Modeling the unethical intention of software piracy: a qualitative integration of network externalities and information cascades

Information cascades and network externalities have been increasingly influential in explaining the many market outcomes of information technology (IT), but their application to ethical issues of IT has been limited. This study proposes a conceptual model of unethical intention of software piracy by integrating information cascades and network externalities in terms of a theoretical perspective from the literature of economics. In the conceptual model, unethical intention of software piracy is proposed to be influenced by the network benefits of using pirated software, while the network benefits are proposed to be affected by the overall adopter base of pirated software directly and indirectly through the availability of pirated complementary software. Accordingly, whereas the perception of others’ piracy is proposed to be influenced by the overall adopter base of pirated software, the unethical intention of software piracy is proposed to be influenced indirectly by the perception of others’ piracy through the perceived signal that piracy seems a good idea. Finally, this study also provides the conclusion and limitation.     

The factors impact of knowledge sharing intentions: the theory of reasoned action perspective

In the organization, the transformation of knowledge is an important issue, and personal motivation for knowledge sharing worth to be investigating. Among them, there are many factors affect that the personal process of knowledge sharing intentions. The individual knowledge sharing intention while often by affects of the environmental factors and individual??s beliefs awareness. Many studies have explored the factors that affect individual action intentions, but few of individual ethical considerations inherent with the views of relevant organizations to analyze the environmental knowledge to the intention. This study reviews of the theory of reasoned action, from perspectives of the social psychological and knowledge sharing while integrative the personal anticipated reciprocal relationship, perceived of ethics and organization culture to seek for the personal impact of the antecedents of knowledge sharing intentions. Moreover, based on existing literature, the author??s observation and inference for develop a conceptual framework to identify the antecedents can be represented.     

Modeling religious involvement: a qualitative integration based on female role visualization consumption

The application of religious symbolism is important in the evolution of medical consumption. Chinese religious belief integrates concepts of Buddhism, Daoism, and Confucianism. People personify god and goddess’ characters in religious stories which influence our ideal personality in reality. According to the Match-up Hypothesis in medical product advertising, female role portrayal in patriarchal society involves the blending of beautification ritual, utilizing the marketed product, with idealized female beauty into a package intended to provide the best possible match with the prevailing ideal. Due to the influence of traditional sex stereotypes in eastern or western societies, such female portrayals provide culturally reasonable advertisements of the value of products being displayed for visualization consumption. This ideology is part of the moral fabric of society and reveals a possible social collective consciousness. The authors adopt five dimensions of religious involvement (DRI—Ideology, Ritualistic, Experiential, Consequential, and Intellectual) to explain a process of portrayals visualization and discuss the template image orientation for presenting product information in the marketplace. This study proposes the female role visualization consumption (FRVC) model to identify different elements of female role evolution stemming from religious ideology.     

Measurement with multiple indicators and psychophysical scaling in the context of Fishbein and Ajzen's theory of reasoned action

Two experiments were carried out to test the theory of reasoned action of Fishbein and Ajzen. The measurements were done using two category scales and two psychophysical scales. No consistent difference in results was found between the four modalities. However, if the latter were used as multiple indicators for the model components in a latent variables model, the parameter values did increase as compared to those in single indicator models. A multitrait-multimethod model allowed for correction of method effects. Though the results of the multiple indicator models did not differ significantly from the results of the single indicator models, the increase in explained variance of intention by 17% in the first experiment and 15% in the second experiment can not be ignored in applied research. Psychophysical scales are attractive because they are well suited for use as multiple indicators.     

The effect on stockholder wealth of product recalls and government action: The case of Toyota's accelerator pedal recall

We analyze the effect of Toyota's faulty accelerator pedal on stockholder wealth. Using the event study methodology, we show that a major recall in January of 2010 is associated with a 19% fall in the company's cumulative abnormal returns. Continued concerns that Toyota was unable to identify and adequately fix the problem prompted the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration to conduct its own investigation in March, 2010. The results of this government investigation exonerated the company and Toyota's cumulative abnormal returns rose by almost 9%. The Toyota case provides an opportunity to study a product recall with both company error and a government action that addressed concerns about the safety of the product.     

Proposing public announcement intention and its antecedents from a CSR perspective: a qualitative study

This study proposes a theoretical framework of public announcement intention from a perspective of corporate social responsibility, including nine propositions developed to help explain the framework. In the proposed framework, public announcement intention is positively influenced by CSR attitude and opportunism judgment, while CSR attitude is positively influenced by opportunism judgment. Besides, CSR attitude is also positively affected by organizational values and benefit expectations but negatively affected by competitive pressure. Furthermore, opportunism judgment is positively influenced by benefit expectations but negatively influenced by competitive pressure and information asymmetry. Collectively, this study provides a good example for understanding the specific issue of public announcement intention in CSR and is an important complementary research for previous studies in the CSR area.     

How to survive and compete: the impact of information asymmetry on productivity

Journal of Productivity Analysis - This paper studies the impact of information asymmetry on productivity through the foreign direct investment (FDI) channel. Higher information asymmetry (lower...     

Entrepreneurial intention among University students in Malaysia: integrating self-determination theory and the theory of planned behavior

The present study endeavors to develop a deeper understanding of the motivational processes involved in intentional entrepreneurial behavior. For this purpose, it integrates the social cognitive approach of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and the organismic theory of motivation of self-determination theory (SDT). More specifically, it tests the role of basic psychological needs of autonomy, competence and relatedness as defined in SDT in shaping university students’ attitudes and intentions toward entrepreneurship. The sample of this study consisted of 438 (Males?=?166, Females =272) 3rd and 4th year university students from four Malaysian Public Universities. The results of the study show that the model strongly explains about 71% of the variance in entrepreneurial intention. Basic psychological needs of autonomy, competence and relatedness have a strong indirect impact on entrepreneurial intention via their attitudinal antecedents: attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control. This indicates a full-mediational model, where the attitudinal factors operated as transmitters of effects from the distal constructs of SDT on entrepreneurial intention. These findings confirm that both SDT and the TPB provide complementary explanations of the motivational processes of entrepreneurial behavior. The study contributes to the existing knowledge by providing a theory-based understanding of the role of motivations in the formation of entrepreneurial intentions. It opens the way for future research to analyze how alternative motivations may affect new venture creation, survival and success.

     

Humor roles of females in a product color matrix: a qualitative conceptual development

Many studies have sought to understand the functional impact of humor in advertising, psychology, and communication. Doctors and other healthcare providers may use humor to treat mental health conditions and for easing stress. This is because humor acts as a tonic in reducing anxiety and resolving conflict. Because of similar benefits, humor is a suitable message medium in advertising. This research specifically examines the relationships among product types, female depictions and humor in its broad use in advertising. The objective is to identify compelling, contemporary and humorous female depictions in advertising. Further, it is to conceptualize how humor can be used to successfully classify a product as fitting into one of the four categories of the product color matrix. The results can offer an idealization for marketing managers and consumers to help them understand how female role depictions can be effectively used with humor in ads. The four propositions developed herein are derived from related literature, through the identification of marketing strategy formulations that achieve product memory enhancement by adopting humor mechanisms properly matched with female role depictions.     

Predicting intention to recycle on the basis of the theory of planned behaviour

Governments worldwide have launched various schemes to promote recycling by individuals, from legislation to voluntary and mandatory policies, waste charging, kerbside collection, waste separation bins, and promotional campaigns. Much remains to be done, however, in terms of understanding the psychological relationships among consumers' attitudes, intentions, and behaviours when it comes to recycling. This study was designed to examine recycling intention through the lens of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB). Using online survey, we recruited participants (n = 827) through an online survey platform ( mturk.com ). The results show that TPB can predict consumers' intention to recycle. It was further found, however, that attitude towards recycling did not predict intention to recycle. The findings presented here have significant implications for policymakers and practitioners who are interested in inculcating recycling intention and behaviours in members of the public. This study extends the TPB in the context of recycling. There is a need to examine the theories' explanatory power in different research settings and context. Moreover, regulations and policies on recycling continue to evolve. For example, recently in 2018, Australia is banning plastic bag. Consequently, the new policy will affect people's perception towards recycling. Hence, continued research on recycling is needed.     

The effect of market sentiment and information asymmetry on option pricing

This work addresses the impact of imperfections, such as information asymmetry and market sentiment, on the performance of option pricing models. More precisely, this work compares the option pricing model of Black and Scholes and the same model in the presence of imperfections. This study is based on S&P 500 options that cover the period between 17/03/2000 and 14/06/2013. The achieved results show that, in general, in the presence of imperfections, the model is more effective than the Black and Scholes model. This research appears to be promising for the incorporation of imperfections into the assessment of options.     

The effects of information sharing and interactivity on the intention to use social networking websites

Social networking sites (SNSs), which satisfy the primary demands of making friends, learning, and shopping, and are inseparable from human life, have been booming in recent years that domestic or international websites have endeavored to have users access to their websites. This study proposed relational model to examine the intention to use SNSs, and also applied a questionnaire survey to examine differences in this intention among various user groups. The findings indicated that that, in order to promote the intention to use social networking sites, managers should work to enhance interactivity and information sharing, and should also consider the feelings and attitudes of users. Different user groups lead to different outcomes with regard to the intention to use model developed in this work. However, the intention to use of most users in the sample groups was enhanced by the SNSs characteristics of information sharing and perceived playfulness.     

Relative information asymmetry as a determinant of the market reaction to corporate financing announcements

Information-asymmetry-based models predict that the market should react negatively to unanticipated external financing. Previous empirical studies lend limited support to these conjectures. This study examines the anticipation issue using financial analysts' earnings-forecast errors as a proxy for information available prior to the external-financing announcement. The conjecture is that external financing would be less anticipated for firms which financial analysts cannot accurately predict their earnings. Event study results indicate that high-prediction-error firms exhibit significantly lower announcement period returns than lowprediction-error firms for non-convertible debt, convertible debt, and common stock offerings.     

Toward a theory of competencies for the management of product complexity: Six case studies

Business units in six Fortune 500 companies were studied to develop better understanding regarding drivers of product portfolio complexity and the means to manage them. Our research focuses on identifying important competencies for managing product portfolio complexity and on the development of appropriate theoretical explanations. We found three important competencies: product/technology portfolio strategy, organization and governance regarding complexity decisions, and product design and decision support systems. We explicate these competencies using a socio-technical systems theoretical perspective. Our findings provide the basis for a model describing the impact of complexity and complexity management on business unit profitability.     

刍议分期收款销售商品纳税问题

收入作为构成利润的一项主要因素，其确认和计量至关重要。新会计准则规范了收入的确认、计量和相关信息的披露。下面就分期收款销售商品进行举例分析。     

The impact of individual investor trading on information asymmetry in the Korean stock market

This paper examines the impact of individual investor trading on information asymmetry in the market. In particular, we examine the relationship between the trading volume by individual investors and the corresponding bid-ask spread in the Korean stock market, where the majority of the trading activity is driven by individual investors and therefore information asymmetry can be evident. We find that high trading activity by individual investors increases the bid-ask spread in a short investment horizon, suggesting that individual investors, as uninformed and unsophisticated traders, amplify the degree of information asymmetry in the market through trading.     

IT环境下理财系统业务流程的模型化与标准化

面对各具特色的理财模式,如何将其模型化与标准化.从业务范围、单据构成、流程模板、账表支持、使用步骤与初始余额6大方面研究商贸经典、商贸仓管、商贸商务、财贸一体和财贸专业5大理财模型的关键过程、实现步骤、内部控制与系统实施的关联性、差异性和递进关系,进而实现理财模型的标准化.     

Employee development,commitment and intention to turnover: a test of ‘employability’ policies in action

Participation in three types of development activities is examined among salaried employees of a firm that significantly increased access to development after a series of layoffs in the late 1990s. Analyses of survey and archival data representing 667 employees show that on‐the‐job training was positively related to organisational commitment and negatively related to intention to turnover. Participation in tuition‐reimbursement, which provides more general or marketable skills, was positively related to intention to turnover. However, intention to turnover was reduced after earning a degree through tuition‐reimbursement if employees were subsequently promoted. Implications for an employment relationship based on ‘employability’ are discussed.