IPO前盈余管理与IPO抑价关系实证研究

如今我国股票市场制度日益完善,与发达国家接轨日益紧密,曾经受到广泛关注的IPO高抑价现象是否得到改善,IPO前盈余管理对IPO抑价的影响又如何。通过实证分析我国A股市场上2009年IPO的公司数据,发现我国A股市场上2009年IPO前盈余管理对IPO抑价存在正相关关系,而且我国A股市场上首次公开发行的股票仍然存在抑价现象,但明显得到改善。     

我国上市公司IPO前盈余管理影响因素研究

盈余管理问题一直都是资本市场的热点问题,但是以往大量的研究都集中于检验盈余管理是否存在,较少关注盈余管理的影响因素。本文在已有的相关研究基础之上,探讨影响上市公司IPO前盈余管理程度的市场和非市场因素,目的在于通过理论分析引起监管机构和投资者特别关注IPO过程中的盈余管理行为,对监管层规范证券市场有效运行,降低IPO前盈余管理程度提供了一定的参考价值。     

基于深市上市公司IPO盈余管理实证研究

在分析IPO盈余管理动机的基础上,研究了IPO公司进行盈余管理的手段及其影响。以2008年在深圳证券交易所上市的71家公司为对象,通过研究其2006-2010五年的经济数据,运用改进后的Jones模型,得出两个结论：上市公司的业绩在IPO前后存在明显的差异,并且上市前两年的业绩高于IPO当年及IPO后两年;上市公司通过调整应计利润进行盈余的操纵。最后针对分析结果提出相应对策,以期对加强证券市场监管,完善公司治理结构,帮助投资者进行投资决策做出贡献。     

上市公司IPO与分类转移盈余管理——来自我国A股市场的经验证据

上市公司在IPO过程中往往针对净利润实施盈余管理,分类转移是在不改变净利润的情况下通过核心费用的分类转移、虚增核心盈余的一种盈余管理方式。上市公司在IPO过程中会实施分类转移盈余管理吗?本文以2007-2016年我国A股市场的IPO公司为样本,发现:(1)上市公司在IPO前三年存在显著的分类转移,即通过把核心费用分类转移至营业外支出以虚增核心盈余;在IPO后三年,不存在这一行为;(2)在IPO前三年,上市公司主要通过将营业成本而非期间费用转移至营业外支出的方式虚增核心盈余,制造业企业更为明显。进一步研究发现,上市公司IPO过程中的分类转移行为应是权衡多种动机的结果,四大审计能够在一定程度上抑制这一行为。     

配股后业绩下滑与真实活动盈余管理的相关性研究

本文以我国1997-2009年成功实施配股的549家A股上市公司为样本,从真实活动盈余管理的角度,实证检验了公司为达到证监会的配股资格线,是否进行了盈余管理,以及此行为对公司配股后的经营业绩所产生的影响。研究结果表明,上市公司在配股前确实进行了真实活动盈余管理,且此行为与公司配股后的业绩显著负相关。     

IPO对企业盈余管理行为影响的实证研究

随着证券业的不断发展,企业盈余管理逐渐成为人们关注的焦点。不良的企业盈余管理行为不仅会给投资者造成巨大的损失,而且不利于我国资本市场健康有序的发展。IPO作为企业盈余管理动机的一部分,对企业盈余管理政策的制定具有重要的影响。本文通过对IPO过程中企业进行盈余管理的具体动机进行分析,并在实证研究的基础上提出相关对策,以达到防范的目的。     

业绩承诺驱动下公司盈余管理路径研究—— 以A控股公司为例

企业为顺利完成业绩承诺,在业绩承诺期间利用层出不穷的手段进行盈余管理,在业绩承诺期结束后导致企业业绩迅速变脸.通过分析A控股公司在业绩承诺期间依赖政府补助、业绩承诺期结束后计提大量预计负债等手段,提出企业自身创造真实业绩、监管部门加强业绩监管、完善信息披露制度等相关建议.     

约束条件、IPO盈余管理方式与公司业绩——基于应计盈余管理与真实盈余管理的研究

IPO盈余管理问题一直是资本市场研究的热点议题之一,本文考察了IPO企业的盈余管理方式及其对公司业绩的影响,并进一步探讨了在一定约束条件下,不同盈余管理方式对发行定价的作用。研究发现,IPO企业不仅实施了应计盈余管理,而且实施了真实盈余管理;IPO企业对盈余管理方式的选择是在发行价最大化原则下权衡的结果,当公司面临的法律保护水平较低、处于管制行业、审计师为非国际\"四大\"时,选择真实盈余管理更有利于提高股票发行价。此外,本文发现不同盈余管理方式对公司未来业绩的影响存在一定的差异,应计盈余管理主要影响公司的短期业绩,而真实盈余管理将会对公司的长期业绩产生较大影响。     

PO Lock-in Agreements in the UK

When a company offers shares in an initial public offering (IPO), existing owners often enter into lock-in agreements prohibiting them from selling shares for a specified period after the IPO. There is some recent US evidence of predictable share-price movements at the time of expiry of these lock-in agreements. Using a sample of 188 firms, 83 classified as high-tech and 105 others, that went public on the London Stock Exchange (LSE) during 1992–1998, we focus on the characteristics of lock-in agreements in the UK and on the behaviour of stocks returns around the lock-in expiry date. We find that the lock-in contracts of LSE-listed firms are much more complex, varied and diverse than US contracts, which usually standardise the lock-in period at 180 days after the IPO. We also find evidence of negative abnormal stock returns at and around lock-in expiry of similar magnitude to those reported in US studies. However, these abnormal returns are typically not statistically significant. While the deterioration in stock returns immediately around the expiry date appears to be particularly much more pronounced for high-tech stocks than for others, the differences in performance are not statistically significant.     

Reforming the US IPO market: lessons from history and theory

The current US IPO market is inefficient and unfair. To protect their own balance sheets, US investment banks systematically underprice offerings. To ration the cheap securities, the investment banks utilize various nefarious nonprice rationing techniques, including kickbacks. Regulators should reform the market by loosening restrictions against issuers. The early history of the market (1781-1861) shows that unregulated IPO markets can function efficiently. Early US corporations successfully sold equities directly to investors without the aid of intermediaries because they could overcome information asymmetry cheaply. Today, the Information Revolution is again decreasing the cost of reducing information asymmetry between investors and issuers. Regulators could improve upon the past, however, by allowing the market to price ration new shares via an auction method.     

The Pricing of Property Trust IPOs in Australia

Following Brounen and Eichholtz (2002) this paper adds to the international literature investigating the underpricing of REIT initial public offerings (IPOs), with a study into Australian property trusts. This study finds that initial day returns can in part be explained by forecast profit distributions (or dividends) and the market sentiment towards property trusts from the date of the prospectus to the date of listing. There is some support for the “winners curse” explanation of underpricing with evidence that large investor or institutional involvement at the outset of the IPO also has some explanatory power.     

The pricing of real estate investment trust initial public offerings

This paper examines the pricing of Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) of Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs). Unlike standard corporations, evidence suggests that REIT IPOs are correctly priced in the initial market. Significant negative initial-day return for mortgage REITs is found to be a function of using the bid price to calculate returns for those securities, which trade initially over the counter (OTC). If the bid-ask average or the ask price is used in calculating returns, any apparent overpricing disappears. Additionally, we find that once transactions costs are considered, an investor is better off purchasing a REIT on the offering.     

Re‐assessing the long‐term underperformance of UK Initial Public Offerings

Previous work has identified that IPOs underperform a market index, and the purpose of this paper is to examine the robustness of this finding. We re‐examine the evidence on the long‐term returns of IPOs in the UK using a new data set of firms over the period 1985–92, in which we compare abnormal performance based on a number of alternative methods including a calendar‐time approach. We find that, using an event‐time framework, there are substantial negative abnormal returns to an IPO after the first 3 years irrespective of the benchmark used. However, over the 5 years after an IPO, abnormal returns exhibit less dramatic underperformance, and the conclusion on negative abnormal returns depends on the benchmark applied. Further if these returns are measured in calendar time, we find that the (statistical) significance of underperformance is even less marked.     

The association between management earnings forecasts, earnings management, and stock market valuation: Evidence from French IPOs

This study investigates managers' motivations to engage in earnings management through purposeful interventions in the setting of discretionary accruals, in the context of initial public offerings (IPOs) in France. Firms issuing forecasts in their prospectuses are expected to differ from nonforecasters in the level of earnings management during the year following the public offering. Within the context of contracting theory, four research questions are addressed. First, are IPO firms issuing forecasts more inclined to manage earnings 1 year after an IPO compared to nonforecasting firms? Second, is a forecasting firm's level of earnings management conditioned by earnings-forecast deviation? Third, is earnings management by IPO forecasting firms affected by contractual and governance environments? Fourth, how do investors see through earnings management following IPO earnings forecasts, i.e., how do stock market participants value earnings components (i.e., nondiscretionary and discretionary accruals)? Our findings document that in the year following an IPO, the magnitude of earnings management is much higher for forecasters than for nonforecasters. Results also show that a firm's accrual behavior is affected by earnings-forecast deviation, but the relationship is moderated by contractual and governance constraints. Finally, it would appear that French investors do not adequately readjust the relationship between reported earnings and a firm's market value for the year in which earnings are subject to manipulations.     

新时代人大预算绩效监督的发展实践与政策建议

全面实施预算绩效管理已然进入高速发展的新时代,人大作为重要的评价主体,肩负着监督预算执行与绩效结果的重要职责。人大作为立法机关,在预算绩效管理中有着代表人民、独立于内部评价主体以及直接影响预算决策的特殊优势。我国在人大预算绩效监督中已经积累了丰富的实践经验,但也面临着来自新时代的新挑战。在人大预算绩效监督的进一步完善中,可以从专业化、公开化、技术化和协同化的多重维度出发来加以谋划。     

疫后建设的财政责任

疫情期间全国经济停摆,财政减收增支,疫后国家将要开展全国公共卫生领域的重大体系化建设,需要大量的财政资金投入,财政必将面临巨大的责任负担和工作压力。在减收增支的压力面前,如何增加财政供给保证中央的公共卫生领域建设任务要求?可行的办法是在支出上挖掘潜力要财力,既要保证中央任务的落实,又要把好钢用在刀刃上,减少财政资金的跑冒滴漏,行之有效的便是落实中央十九大提出的全面推行财政绩效管理要求,向财政管理和行政管理体制联动改革要财力。在公共卫生领域建设具体项目上落实凡事预则立不预则废言必信,行必果做老实人,说老实话,办老实事的绩效管理要求,建立绩效管理制度体系,打造出责任政府和效能政府。     

应计与真实盈余管理：替代抑或互补

基于中国转型经济特有的制度环境,考察应计与真实盈余管理之间的相互关系。结果表明,在中国市场上,应计与真实盈余管理之间存在\"二元\"关系,即替代关系和互补关系。具体而言,市场竞争压力在应计与真实盈余管理之间具有明显的成本比较优势,使得两者具有替代关系。控制利益、管制压力在应计与真实盈余管理之间不具有显著的成本比较优势,而是应计与真实盈余管理的驱动因素,使得两者具有互补关系。