基于DEA模型的我国轻工业经营效率研究

运用DEA模型对我国31个省区市轻工业的经营效率进行了实证研究和分析,结果表明,大部分省份轻工业的经营效率是非DEA有效的,尤其是沿海发达地区的轻工业大省。针对此现象进行了深入分析,并提出了相应的对策。     

Marginal Rates and Elasticities of Substitution with Additive Models in DEA

Marginal rates and elasticities of substitution are derived from the optimal slack values obtained from modified versions of additive DEA models. Projection formulas are used to ensure that all points are on the efficient frontier as required for conformance with assumptions in micro-economics. The models used differ from standard versions in that slack values are allowed to be negative as well as positive in these additive models. This makes movement possible on efficiency frontiers, where improvement in some inputs or outputs requires worsening other inputs or outputs. A new definition is therefore introduced in which efficiency is attained only if the value of the worsenings is exactly offset by the value of the improvements. This includes, but is not restricted to, the case in which all slacks must be zero for full attainment of efficiency—as in standard versions of additive models.     

评价与优选线路设计方案的DEA方法

根据数据包络分析方法的特点,提出了运用DEA模型对线路设计方案进行评价与优选,阐述了应用的步骤。通过实例验证了方法的可行性与有效性,并可得出非有效方案的缺陷所在,提出改进措施,为决策者提供更多管理信息。     

我国装备制造业技术创新能力研究——基于DEA和Granger检验的实证分析

运用DEA和Granger检验,对我国装备制造业技术创新能力进行评价,对其创新动力进行实证分析。结果表明:我国装备制造业整体创新能力不强,多数行业的技术创新动力来自技术引进、技术改造,技术自主研发能力和消化吸收能力较弱,技术进步效应低下。文章分析了各子行业优势、劣势,并对其创新资源配置给出了指导提出相应的建议和措施。     

高校智力资本运作效率的数据包络分析

文章在综合分析高校智力资本的基本概念和主要内容的基础上，提出了用数据包络分析方法评价高校智力资本运作效率的基本思路与方法，并以8所高校在同一学科中的智力资本运作情况为算例，对数据包络分析的算法和所使用的计算工具作了说明。     

Evaluation and monitoring of community youth prevention programs using a robust productivity index

Evidence-based prevention and intervention programs for youth behavioral and mental problems have been implemented by many local community program providers. Due to the differences among communities in resource availability and the demand for services, however, policymakers and program practitioners require ways of measuring organizational efficiency in terms of resource commitment and improvement in individual outcomes. In this paper, we propose a robust productivity index for monitoring managerial performance and detecting exceptions in dynamic environments. Robust productivity bounds are constructed to identify innovators who make a technical shift. The approach is illustrated with panel data on youth outcomes from a selected multi-site community prevention program between the fiscal years 2010 and 2015. The results suggest that our approach not only permits classification of the innovators, but also recognizes patterns of change in productivity.     

基于等效益面的大庆油田企业科技进步贡献率测算研究

科技进步贡献率是反映科技进步作用的一项综合指标。本文在"等效益面法"原理的基础上,利用Lingo软件计算了大庆油田有限责任公司C-D生产函数的资本和劳动力要素的产出弹性系数,进而测算2005~2008年间的科技进步贡献率。计算结果表明,大庆油田的科技进步贡献率呈现逐年上升的趋势,均值达到60%以上,超过国家40%的水平。科技在弥补自然递减率、保证原油产量的稳定方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。     

The geographical efficiency of education and research: The ranking of U.S. universities

This paper proposes to study the American efficiency of educational diffusion and research productivity following two distinctions: urban vs. rural areas and public vs. private universities. Following this geographical consideration, knowledge diffusion seems to be homogeneous over the American territory, whereas research productivity is more heterogeneous: American research efficiency decreased of 7% points, due to some rural university localizations. Universities in urban areas favor educational quality through high student selection criteria, contrary to those located in more rural areas. Third, public universities present higher educational efficiency, in favoring educational quality over research productivity: the lesser research efficiency of public institutions comes from difficulties in the management of several campuses, by comparison with the private institutions which are all single-campus.     

Eco‐efficiency: GHG reduction related environmental and economic performance. The case of the companies participating in the EU Emissions Trading Scheme

Empirical findings on eco‐efficiency are still inconsistent. Using survey data based on a sample of 283 European carbon‐intensive companies participating in the EU ETS between 2005 and 2012, this article investigates the causal relationships between the corporate environmental strategy focus, proactive GHG reductions and related environmental and economic performance, while taking into account an important contingent factor: the initial state of technology. The study's findings show that eco‐efficiency was generally not obvious among the companies during the first two trading periods. It furthermore indicates that GHG emissions were generally not reduced cost‐effectively, as companies' intrinsic values were more likely to have influenced carbon reduction related decisions to a greater degree than the economic incentives resulting from the market mechanisms of the ETS. The results not only shed light on firm behavior with regard to technology management but also provide insights for policy makers into how to stimulate more cost‐effective environmental investments. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment