上市公司无形资产信息披露问题探析

随着我国转变经济增长方式．企业开始更加注重提升产品创造能力．加大无形资产培育和保护力度．提高核心竞争力。以获得超额利润。充分的无形资产信息披露能使信息使用者对其企业价值做出客观、公平、真实的评价，但目前部分上市公司在无形资产信息披露的全面性和可利用价值等方面存在问题。本文对无形资产信息披露经济主体的动机进行分析．揭示了选择性进行无形资产信息披露的危害．并从改进现有会计处理方式．提高上市公司信息披露质量．规范和完善注册会计师审计无形资产信息披露三个方面提出了相应的应对策略。     

上市公司无形资产信息披露研究

随着社会主义市场经济的发展与改革开放进程的不断推进以及无形资产对社会经济发展的促进作用,上市公司无形资产的信息披露越来越受到人们的关注。在新时期加强对上市公司无形资产信息披露的研究,将有助于提升无形资产在上市公司经济活动中的促进作用,有助于找出上市公司无形资产信息披露存在的问题并提出相应的解决措施。     

浙江上市公司无形资产会计信息披露研究

我国现行会计实务中关于无形资产的信息披露的不够充分,使得其难以满足会计信息使用者的需要.本文以浙江省的45家上市公司的无形资产为研究对象,分析2006-2008年度浙江省上市公司无形资产会计信息披露信息含量的相关情况,以促进无形资产的会计信息披露的改进.     

无形资产信息披露及其价值相关性研究——来自上海股市的经验证据

本文以上海证券交易所上市的股票作为研究对象 ,考察无形资产对企业经营活动的作用 ,并检验无形资产的价值相关性。试图摸清我国上市公司无形资产的家底 ,分析无形资产在我国上市公司经营活动中所起的作用 ,检验我国投资者对无形资产的定价以及评价和改进我国上市公司对无形资产的信息披露。研究结果表明 ,无形资产对企业的经营活动发挥了重要贡献 ,上市公司披露的无形资产与股价之间存在显著的正相关关系。在此基础上 ,考察并分析了披露和没有披露无形资产具体构成这两种分类样本的情况 ,讨论了目前我国上市公司在无形资产信息披露方面存在的问题 ,并提出了相应的政策建议     

无形资产信息披露的问题和对策

在知识经济时代,无形资产地位急剧上升,无形资产计量对上市公司财务状况的描述起着决定性的作用.无形资产信息披露对于所有者、经营者以及其他有利害相关者无疑都是很重要的,因此,无形资产信息的披露应该做到充分、公开、真实与科学.     

企业无形资产的会计探讨

知识经济条件下，无形资产地位更加突出。由此无形资产在实际计量操作过程中的计量范围也随之扩大。为真实反映无形资产的原始价值、摊销价值和净值的增减变化形态等情况，无形资产信息应通过资产负债表、损益表等形式加以披露。     

上市公司无形资产配置与信息披露的统计分析

本文以我国制药行业沪市上市公司1999—2004年度财务报告为分析样本,对其无形资产的配置及信息披露状况进行了统计分析。分析结果表明：无形资产的类型具有扩容性,且体现着时代发展的特色,但无形资产配置中的土地使用权比例远远高于知识型无形资产;ST公司与非ST公司财务报告所反映的无形资产配置及结构价值具有明显区别,主要体现在无形资产的类型变化、无形资产的金额变动、各类无形资产占无形资产总额跑例变动及无形资产占总资产比例变动等四个方面,非sT公司结构价值变化相对平稳,sT公司的结构价值变化波动大但有一定规律;我国上市公司年度财务报告对无形资产信息的披露主要在“重要事项”、“主要会计政策、会计估计和会计报表的编制方法”、“会计报表附注”等方面,但存在披露格式过于简单、对重大无形资产或其变更事项不加以说明、所披露信息前后会计年度衔接性及与财务报告各部分的关联性差等诸多问题。     

知识经济时代我国上市商业银行无形资产分析

无形资产是商业银行资产的重要组成部分,并且逐渐成为商业银行发展的关键经济资源。随着知识经济时代的到来,无形资产的内涵和外延都发生了巨大变化,会计信息使用者也越来越关注上市公司披露的无形资产信息。本文在阐述商业银行无形资产的定义及特点的基础上,分析了沪深两市15家上市商业银行除商誉外的无形资产信息确认和披露情况,在此基础上指出我国上市商业银行无形资产管理存在的问题,并提出一些对策建议。     

天津市上市公司无形资产状况的研究

本文选取在沪深两市上市的天津市上市公司为研究对象，分析了这些公司的无形资产占公司总资产的比例，并对各公司无形资产的内部构成进行了比较。同时，本文对无形资产与企业经营业绩的相关性进行了研究，最后分析了上市公司无形资产信息披露中存在的一些问题，并就本文分析中所发现的一些问题提出了解决的建议。     

无形资产会计计量若干问题探讨

为了不断适应社会主义市场经济快速发展的需要，进一步规范企业无形资产事项的会计核算及相关信息披露，提高会计信息质量，财政部制定了《企业会计准则———无形资产》。但会计理论界对无形资产的认识至今仍未统一，特别是对那些具有无形资产特征的、不可辨认的项目是否应该确认为无形资产，争议较大。诚然，鉴于无形资产的不确定性，确认时应该持谨慎态度。但也应该能符合客观和如实提供决策信息的要求，不能让某项资产游离于会计记录及财务报告之外。因此，本文就目前会计理论界争议较大的品牌、研究开发费项目的确认、计量及其会计处理…     

高校无形资产的来源、特征及管理研究

高校无形资产的含义有广义与狭义之分,其管理包括权属管理和价值管理两个方面。高校无形资产有其独有的来源和特征。目前无形资产管理是高校资产管理的一个薄弱环节,存在着诸多问题。在权属管理方面,应加大宣传力度,理顺管理体制,建立健全管理机制,规范无形资产使用、处置管理,加强产权管理,建立激励机制。在价值管理方面,应修订会计制度,补充完善核算规定,规范核算方法和报表披露办法,完善会计核算和评估体系。     

Capitalizing R&D expenses versus disclosing intangible information

We study how to improve the value-relevance of financial information for intangible-intensive firms by investigating two alternatives: capitalizing research and development (R&D) expenses and disclosing intangible information. Using patent counts/citations to proxy for intangible intensity, we find that the incremental value-relevance of disclosing patent counts/citations is greater than that of capitalizing R&D expenses for the high-patent group and vice versa for the low- or medium-patent group. Investors favor the disclosure of patent information for firms with more successful innovations. Since disclosing intangible information may lead to appropriation by rivals, we find that, for the high-patent group, the incremental value-relevance of disclosing patent counts/citations is more pronounced for firms in industries with stronger protection of intellectual property. Overall, our results suggest that disclosing R&D outputs can improve the value-relevance of financial statements for firms rich in intangibles and the incremental benefits of such disclosure will be greater in industries with strong protection of intellectual property.     

Applying Wand and Weber's Surface and Deep Structure Approaches to Financial Reporting Systems

Wand and Weber's fundamental premise is that ‘a physical‐symbol system has the necessary and sufficient properties to represent real‐world meaning’. Their representation of real‐world meaning flows from three possible information system models: representational, state‐tracking and de‐compositional. We address these three types of information system in the context of financial reporting systems and we use purchased goodwill and other intangible assets to selectively critique their characteristics. The principle feature of this critique is the comparison that is made throughout the paper between an economic and an artefactual (physical‐symbol) representation of assets, particularly the intangible ones, in the financial reporting domain.     

浅谈网络财务中的内部控制

随着网络财务的普及应用,网络财务在内部控制上存在的问题也日益凸现,主要有财务信息过分依赖原始数据输入的准确性、财务档案无纸化和电脑操作无形化带来的风险等。因此,必须采取建立健全财务档案管理制度等措施,以加强网络财务中的内部控制。     

High-Technology Intangibles and Analysts' Forecasts

This study examines the association between firms' intangible assets and properties of the information contained in analysts' earnings forecasts. We hypothesize that analysts will supplement firms' financial information by placing greater relative emphasis on their own private (or idiosyncratic) information when deriving their earnings forecasts for firms with significant intangible assets. Our evidence is consistent with this hypothesis. We find that the consensus in analysts' forecasts, measured as the correlation in analysts' forecast errors, is negatively associated with a firm's level of intangible assets. This result is robust to controlling for analyst uncertainty about a firm's future earnings, which we also find to be higher for firms with high levels of internally generated (and expensed) intangibles. Given that analyst uncertainty increases and analyst consensus decreases with the level of a firm's intangible assets, we also expect and find that the degree to which the mean forecast aggregates private information and is more accurate than an individual analyst's forecast increases with a firm's intangible assets. Finally, additional analysis reveals that lower levels of analyst consensus are associated with high-technology manufacturing companies, and that this association is explained by the relatively high R&D expenditures made by these firms. Overall, our results are consistent with financial analysts augmenting the financial reporting systems of firms with higher levels of intangible assets (in terms of contributing to more accurate earnings expectations), particularly R&D-driven high-tech manufacturers.     

Accounting for Intangible Assets: Thinking It Through

With the modern corporation investing more in intangible assets, the issue of appropriate accounting for these assets is very much at the fore and formally on the agendas of accounting standards boards. Some commentators advocate that internally generated intangible assets should be booked to the balance sheet, just like tangible assets. This paper explains that this apparently straightforward solution is not so simple. There are subtleties that, when recognised, indicate that such accounting would often make both balance sheets and income statements less informative. In response, the paper outlines an accounting for intangible assets that preserves, indeed enhances, the information conveyed by both the balance sheet and the income statement and satisfies the financial reporting objective of providing information to investors about ‘the amount, timing, and uncertainty of future cash flows’.     

无形财产权体系下传统手工艺权的构建

现有知识产权保护模式对传统手工艺的保护囿于三个方面，一是独创性判断标准适用困难以及新颖性要求的法定标准过高，二是传统手工艺商标权概念的不成立，三是文化遗产保护模式中民事法律规范的缺位。在无形财产权体系下传统手工艺可建构一项独立的财产权。在此基础上选择特别权利保护模式，可避开与传统产权保护模式的要件冲突。厘定传统手工艺权的主体客体、权利授权方式、权利内容、权利限制与保护期限，构成传统手工艺特别权利保护制度，将更有利于传统手工艺的传承保护与创新发展。     

非物质文化遗产法律保护机制探析

非物质文化遗产应当定位于社会法法律部门进行保护,非物质文化遗产法律保护机制由国际法规范和国内法规范共同构建。本文认为,对非物质文化遗产权利主体应当进行全面保护,实现全面的协调的可持续发展的目标。     

Should Intangibles Be Measured: What Are the Economic Trade‐Offs?

We investigate whether a firm's intangible investments should be measured and separated from operating expenses. We find that the information extracted from accounting reports of investments and earnings is different when intangibles are measured and identified separately from operating expenses than when intangibles are left commingled with operating expenses. This difference in the market's information causes a change in the behavior of market prices, inducing changes in the firm's investments and cash flows. Thus, from a real effects perspective, measuring intangibles is not unambiguously desirable. We identify the conditions under which providing information on intangibles may be desirable. This study also shows the inadequacy of statistical associations between accounting numbers and prices as a basis for evaluating the desirability of measuring intangible investments. We show that the measurement of intangibles alters the very distribution of cash flows about which the measurement regime is seeking to provide information.     

Intangible Assets and Firm Asset Risk Taking: An Analysis of Property and Liability Insurance Firms

Intangible assets facilitate insurers' capacity to retain existing business and attract new clients. In this study we analyze how the incentives to protect intangible assets affect asset risk-taking behavior of property and liability insurers. The result supports the view that insurers' incentives to protect their intangible assets lead to an inverse relation between intangible assets and asset risk. Consistent with the view that highly levered firms may go for broke, asset risk of highly levered insurers is less elastic to intangible assets than that of lower-levered insurers. An additional notable finding of our article is that tangible factors like firm size and capitalization increase insurers' appetites for asset risk taking.