上市公司高管人员自利对资本结构影响的实证分析

本文对中国上市公司持股高管人员出于自利而影响资本结构调节的状况进行了考察.研究表明,上市公司高管人员出于自利具有调节公司负债水平的动机;法人股的存在对高管人员出于自利调节资本结构的能力具有制约作用,但在高管人员拥有公司所有权程度较高时作用有限;法人股还具有一定的促使高管人员的自身利益和其他股东的利益趋于一致的作用,而国有股的这些作用则不明显.     

国家环境给付义务

与环境权利对应的是国家环境义务,环境权益的公众性、环境保护的复杂性要求国家须有所作为,而传统的给付义务无法对环境保护问题作出全面适当的回应。无疑,从一种更广义的给付义务出发,阐述国家环境给付义务的理论基础和现实必要性,具体论述国家环境给付义务的类型、范围以及国家违反环境给付义务的责任形式问题,构建新时期国家环境给付义务体系,在当前有重要意义。     

Quantification of Self in Third-Party-Administered Wellness Programs: The Impact of Perceived Self-Empowerment

Employers, insurers, and other third parties are increasingly offering wellness programs and have recently begun incorporating quantification of self (QOS) features to encourage enrollment. While past studies have examined the impact of QOS on consumer behavior in self-directed contexts, none have done so in the context of third-party administration. The present research explores QOS's impact in wellness programs directed by employers, insurers and doctors. A 2 x 4 between-subjects experiment manipulating QOS and program administration type was used to test our hypotheses. Our results found a significant interaction effect between QOS and administration type, where the motivational benefits of a QOS-based wellness program that are found in self-directed contexts are negated when the program is run by certain third parties. This effect is mediated by the participant's perceptions of disempowerment in the program, caused by the involvement of the third party. Consumer policy implications are discussed.     

The Effects of Firm Size and Industry on Corporate Giving

Recent downward trends in corporate giving have renewed interest in the factors that shape corporate philanthropy. This paper examines the relationships between charitable contributions, firm size and industry. Improvements over previous studies include an IRS data base that covers a much broader range of firm sizes and industries as compared to previous studies and estimation using an instrumental variable technique that explicitly addresses potential simultaneity between charitable contributions and profitability. Important findings provide evidence of a cubic relationship between charitable giving and firm size and evidence of strong industry effects. The plus-minus-plus regression coefficient sign pattern for the cubic firm size model suggests that small and large firms give more relative to total receipts with lower giving ratios among medium size firms. One interpretation for this finding is that small firms are close to the communities they serve while high visibility creates a need for large firm philanthropy. Strong industry effects provide evidence of inter-industry differences in giving culture and/or different public relations requirements across industries. Christie H. Amato (Ph.D., University of Alabama) is professor of marketing at the Belk College of Business Administration, University of North Carolina, Charlotte. Dr. Amato's research interests lie in the area of strategic marketing, productivity, quality of life and ethics. She has published articles in top marketing journals including: Journal of Marketing Research, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Journal of Retailing, Journal of Advertising and Journal of Business Research. Louis H. Amato (Ph.D., University of South Carolina) is professor of economics at the Belk College of Business Administration, University of North Carolina-Charlotte. Dr.␣Amato's research interests lie in the areas of market structure and profitability, productivity, quality of life and ethics. He has published articles in top journals including Southern Economic Journal, Review of Industrial Organization, and Quarterly Journal of Business and Economics.     

The CEO's Influence on Corporate Foundation Giving

Some scholars have argued that CEOs may have excessive influence on their foundation's trustees to give away a portion of company profits to charitable causes in order to gain access to elite circles or support the CEO's personal causes. This may result in charitable contributions that ultimately serve the personal interests of the CEOs without regard to corporate interests or social needs. We examine the extent that CEOs appear to direct charitable giving to be compatible with their own personal interests, and if CEO participation on the foundation board affects the relationship between CEO personal interests and charitable giving. Using a sample of 160 corporate foundations, our results showed that CEOs' interests, as measured by membership in different non-profit organizations, was associated with foundation charitable giving. This association decreased, but was not eliminated, when CEOs were absent from the foundation board. Implications of these findings for researchers and managers are discussed in regards to both agency theory and stewardship theory.     

Giving ethics the business

The criminal conviction of Amway Corporation for evasion of Canadian customs duties not only belies the high ethical profession of its president, Richard DeVos, but his reissuing of the book which makes this profession, without mentioning the conviction, supports the view that ultimately ethics and business are pulling in opposite directions.Colin Grant is Professor of Religious Studies at Mount Allison University, Sackville, N. B. He teaches The Ethics and Ethos of Business and has published articles in Liberal Arts and Religious Studies Periodicals.     

电子支付在慈善捐款中应用探讨

从2008年初的雨雪冻灾到"5.12汶川大地震",使用电子支付捐款成为一股新鲜力量,在救灾重建过程中起到了积极的推动作用.在介绍电子支付涵义的基础上,分析其在慈善捐款中的主要方式,初步探讨了电子支付在慈善捐款中相关问题,并就如何通过现代支付手段有效建立慈善捐赠渠道,提出了一些建议.     

The Ethics of Giving Notice

What ethical issues are raised when employees are going to be given notice to leave? Are some approaches more ethical than others? This paper analysing the ethics of the situation and offering ethical guidelines was prepared for the Swedish Association of Graduates in Business Administration and Economics in its work to formulate a professional code of conduct. The author holds a PhD in business administration and is a member of The Swedish Council for Management and Work Life Issues, P.O. Box 5042, S-10241 Stockholm, Sweden.     

Corporate Giving Behavior and Decision-Maker Social Consciousness

This paper investigates why some companies give to charity and others do not. The study uncovers a strong relationship between the personal attitudes of the charitable decision maker and the firm's giving behavior. This relationship indicates that the human element of personal attitudes may interact and play a very important role in a firm's decision to become involved with philanthropic activities. The study also shows that firms who have a history of giving to charity cite altruistic motives for their behavior. On the other hand, firms that do not give to charity tend to use business reasons to explain their non-involvement.     

Self Regulation and Statutory Regulation

With reference to both theoretical and empirical examples, this article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of various mixtures of statutory and self regulation. It seeks to define circumstances where statutory regulation works better than a self regulation, and vice-versa. The author concludes that ideally both forms of regulation work best when they co-exist and that, whatever the mix, the regulatory system must be able to respond to unforeseen events.     

The Influence of Church and Synagogue Attendance on the Probability of Giving and Volunteering

This paper uses the Logistic regression technique to explore the relationship between the decisions to give and volunteer and frequency of church/synagogue attendance. Our empirical results support the hypothesis that frequency of church/synagogue attendance increases the likelihood of giving and volunteering. The paper also finds that when church/synagogue attendance falls below the threshold level of once a week, frequency of religious service attendance loses its influence on individual charitable behavior. The author's findings suggest that whether an individual is a member of a church or professes to believe in a religion is not as good a predictor of individual charitable behavior as frequency of church1 synagogue attendance.     

营销人的自我修练

营销可能是最好,但也是最难的职业。才入行的时候,英国老板的欢迎词是Marketing is only for extraordinary people(营销职位只为非凡之人设立)。25年过去,身经百战,历经千帆,对这句话有了深刻的体会。营销是Art(情)和Science(智)的完美结合,这就要求营销人上写得了战略,下抓得了执行;左能分析数据,右能创意内容。     

别放弃家门口的"国际竞争"

"国际竞争国内化,国内竞争国际化",是中国入世后日趋突出的竞争新态势.随着外商企业、商品和服务贸易大举进入,国内企业家清醒地意识到,眼下的国际竞争已完全被打破了时空的界限,除了继续努力在国外市场争夺一席之地外,切不可放弃家门口的"国际竞争".     

给品牌起个好名的5要素

简单明了 所谓简单明了,就是指品牌的名称应该简洁明快,做到好读、好听、好认、好记.比如说中国的"娃哈哈"就很典型.首先,作为一种儿童营养饮料,"娃哈哈"三个字中的元音"a",是小孩子最早最易发的音,极易模仿,且发音响亮,音韵和谐,可谓"好读、好听";其次,"娃哈哈"来源于一首新疆民歌,此前早已唱遍大江南北,把这样一首广为流传的民族歌曲与产品品牌联系起来,收到了"好认、好记"的效果.     

让穷人拥有发展机会

在东亚地区“有利于穷人的经济增长”政策研讨会上,国务院扶贫开发领导小组官员称,去年以来我国采取了四大措施促进“有利于穷人的经济增长”——加强宏观调控,加大对农业的投入;推进农村扶贫开发,提高贫困农民自我发展能力;加大对中西部地区政策支持和财政投入实施城镇居民就业工程,健全社会保障体系等,成绩显著。