A Proposed Framework for Monetary Policy

Leave the ERM, cut interest rates and let the pound find its own level⃛ it's the cut and run option. The credibility of our anti-inflationary strategy would be in tatters. And quite soon interest rates would have to go back up again - Norman Lamont, in a speech to the European Policy Forum, July 1992.     

Monetary Policy

We are fast approaching the point at which the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) will have to make a decision about the future of its forward guidance policy. The policy had been intended to reassure households, firms and markets that Bank Rate would remain at 0.5% for a prolonged period. However, the economy and, in particular the labour market, have improved so quickly that unemployment will reach the 7% threshold within the next few months, more than two years earlier than the Bank had forecast when it introduced forward guidance…     

从货币政策规则看货币政策中介目标选择

本文从货币政策最优规则和有效规则的角度出发,分析中央银行的福利损失情况,进而对不同的货币政策中介目标作出福利评判。     

货币政策有效性理论综述

货币政策是国家进行宏观调控的主要手段之一。本文对货币政策有效性理论进行梳理,归纳总结了此领域的学术成果。     

Evaluating the Monetary Policy Committee

The Bank of England’s Monetary Policy Committee has now been in operation for two years. How can one judge whether it is performing its tasks successfully? In this article Alan Budd considers some of the difficulties in answering what might appear to be a straightforward question.     

The Conduct of Monetary Policy Without Monetary Aggregates

A central dilemma for the monetary authorities is how to determine monetary policy. The increasing unreliability of monetary aggregates has led over the past few years to less concern for monetary targeting, both in the UK and elsewhere, and a greater influence for the exchange rate on monetary policy. But in the UK, most recently, there has been a move away from setting monetary policy in relation to the exchange rate and external considerations in favour of setting monetary policy in relation to domestic demand. Not surprisingly, this shift has occurred at a time of rising concern about domestic overheating. It illustrates the dilemma of whether monetary policy should be driven by domestic demand considerations or by external, exchange rate considerations. This dilemma is not just confined to the UK for it is a real source of conflict underlying the Louvre Accord and its successors that seek to determine G7 exchange rates in a cooperative manner. In what follows, we argue that exchange rate developments should have an appreciable influence on monetary policy, since this is helpful in attaining stable inflation. But we also suggest that this influence should not go too far, since this stability of inflation may be at the expense of stability of domestic demand and output. Targeting of exchange rates within narrow bands is unlikely to be desirable, unless fiscal policy can be used more flexibly to stabilize domestic demand. This suggests that, in the period up to the spring, the use of monetary policy to hold the £/JDM exchange rate within narrow limits may have been overdone. More seriously, international exchange rate agreements among the G7 countries are likely to founder under adverse market pressures, unless current imbalances in fiscal policy are adjusted. In the absence of greater flexibility in fiscal policy, policy makers will have to trade off domestic and exchange rate considerations in determining monetary policy. An important outstanding issue that needs further consideration is what indicators should be used for monetary policy, in a world in which monetary aggregates provide unreliable signals.     

不确定情况下的关税、货币政策

关税问题是国际经济学研究中的一个重要领域,无论在理论分析,还是在实际操作中都具有相当重要的意义。本文在“新开放经济宏观经济学”的随机模型中,分析了关税的不确定性对两国间期望汇率和期望消费水平的影响,重点研究了关税变动的福利效应;并在此基础上,比较分析了不同的关税、货币政策组合对福利水平的影响。     

货币政策周期与股票横截面收益

采用中国A股市场数据,基于我国特定的货币环境定义货币政策周期,利用货币政策与风险特征的交叉变量,研究规模效应、价值效应等风险特征在不同货币周期下对股票横截面收益的解释能力。研究发现,添加货币周期变量之后的模型对于股票未来收益的解释能力,较传统资产定价模型具有显著的提高。规模效应(小市值公司表现优于大市值公司)在全样本周期内稳定存在,且在货币扩张期更为明显,这与货币信贷传导机制和我国信贷配置的制度环境是一致的。价值效应(价值股表现优于成长股)在货币紧缩期更为明显,在货币扩张期表现不显著,这与货币信贷传导机制和价值效应的风险特征是一致的。     

我国货币政策产业效应的非对称性研究——来自制造业的实证

货币政策影响实体经济的主要传导途径有三个:利率途径、汇率途径和信贷途径。制造业中,不同的行业对这三种传导途径的反应速度和深度均不同,所以统一的货币政策对不同产业往往带来不同的影响,这种影响既包括产量也包括价格,被称为货币政策产业效应的非对称性。本文利用向量自回归和脉冲响应函数证实了我国货币政策对制造业中各产业存在的这种非对称性,提出并检验了造成这种产业效应非对称性的原因。     

我国货币政策和财政政策的效用比较研究

本文应用Hsiao提出的最终预测误差准则（FPE）检验Granger因果关系方法,对我国的货币政策和财政政策的效用进行了实证比较研究,并得出了有关结论,为我国的宏观调控政策提供理论分析和实证检验的依据。     

我国货币政策:面临的问题与政策建议

一、当前我国货币政策面临的问题与挑战 从长期来看,我国金融形势和货币政策方面存在一些慢性紧缩因素,需要逐步加以解决. (一)经济增长速度放慢,物价指数再次下降,货币政策的法定目标受到越来越大的压力和挑战     

中国货币供应量政策实证评析

货币供应量是否合适,可以从实际货币供应量与中性货币供应量差异的角度来进行分析。中性货币供应量是指与一国经济自然增长率和正常货币深化系数相适应的货币供应量。本文通过中国改革开放以来的经验数据计算出中国经济的自然增长率和货币深化系数,从而得出相应的中性货币供应量。在此基础上,本文给出了一个评价中国货币政策的分析框架,并据此对中国改革开放以来的货币政策进行评价和提出相应的政策建议。     

Trade Credit and Monetary Policy Transmission

Abstract.  Recently, an increasing number of papers have investigated the role of trade credit as an external source of finance when analyzing the monetary transmission mechanism. These works support the balance sheet-channel view and at the same time explain the difficulties encountered when looking for evidence in favor of the bank-lending channel. This paper presents a survey of the emerging literature on the role of trade credit in the transmission of monetary policy, trying to link it with the well-established credit-channel literature.     

处理银行不良资产两种货币政策的比较

我国商业银行的不良资产余额和比例一直都居高不下,不仅使得我国银行业的系统风险上升,而且可能导致金融和社会经济的不稳定。为了维持金融稳定,中央银行将会采取相应的货币政策以减少不良资产余额(或者降低不良资产比重)。本文考察了两种不同的中央银行政策目标函数,并得出了截然不同的货币政策后果。通过比较,本文认为旨在减少不良资产比重的货币政策虽然伴有通货膨胀的潜在趋势,但是在长期看来对于降低银行不良资产比重和稳定金融却是合适的。     

货币政策的产业效应研究:一个理论综述

货币政策已成为推动产业结构变迁的重要动因。文献回顾发现,货币政策产业非对称性效应对产出和产业结构有不同的涵义,利率渠道和金融加速器效应是影响货币政策产业效应的主要因素,货币政策产业效应的传导机制及其与产业政策的协调是未来研究的方向。     

The Asymmetric Effects of Monetary Policy

Abstract.  The paper deals with the asymmetric effects on output of tight and easy monetary policy: the output reduction following a negative monetary policy shock appears bigger than the expansion induced by similar sized positive shock. The paper first reviews historical evidence of asymmetry, focusing on the United States, Japan and Italy. This is followed by a review of the econometric literature on monetary policy asymmetry and consideration of the theoretical reasons that can explain this asymmetry.     

中国货币政策效应的区域差异研究

货币政策效应的区域差异影响地区经济协调发展。本文运用固定效应变系数模型估计了各地区的货币政策敏感系数,并进一步用结构向量自回归(SVAR)模型和结构方差分解法分析了货币冲击对区域经济的影响。研究发现中国货币政策效应存在显著的区域差异,主要原因在于货币政策传导机制差异。建立充分反映区域经济特点的货币政策体系以及发挥货币政策结构性功能,有利于提高货币政策作用和缩小区域间货币政策的不对称性。     

Thatcher Monetary Policy is Working: No Case for Reflation

The Prime Minister's monetary policy has been widely condemned as failing. Two American observers of British economic policy, an academic and a practical economist, maintain that the evidence shows both that it is working effectively and that there is no convincing argument for abandoning it.