明确任务开拓创新努力做好农业资源区划工作

对两年来农业资源区划工作进行了回顾,提出了“十五”资源区划应抓好区域资源优化配置,加强资源调查和监测,积极探索资源高效利用途径,认真研究农业资源开发利用中宏观战略问题,加强农业资源综合管理等5项基本任务,在此基础上安排了2001年资源区划工作的重点任务。     

强化农业资源持续利用工作 积极推动区域农业协调发展

文章回顾和总结了2013年全国农业资源区划工作,全面分析了当前及今后一个时期农业资源区划工作面临的新形势、新任务,围绕农业资源利用、环境治理、生态建设等方面认真研讨了农业可持续发展问题,同时研究部署了2014年农业资源区划工作。文章认为,2013年全国农业资源区划系统主动适应农业和农村经济发展的新形势、新要求,充分发挥资源区划基础性、前瞻性和综合性作用,紧扣"三农"发展需求,开展了大量卓有成效的工作。如2013年农业资源区划系统完成的7项规划的编制、改善农村人居环境、10项专题调研等。文章指出,当前,随着农业农村经济的深入发展,内外部环境发生了深刻变化,各种矛盾和深层次制约更加突出,已到了不深化改革就无以为继的阶段。文章就农业资源约束与国家粮食安全、农业环境污染与建设生态友好型农业、生态系统破坏与农业可持续发展等一系列重大问题进行了深入分析,提出2014年农业资源区划的工作重点是:深化农业区划研究、加强农业资源综合管理、强化资源环境监测,强调农业资源区划工作要紧紧围绕中国特色农业现代化道路的要求,以农业可持续发展为主线,遵循"农业资源监测评价—战略研究—区域规划—试点示范"工作路线和工作重点,以优化资源配置、促进资源永续利用、推动区域农业协调发展为基本途径,推动生态友好型农业发展,不断开创资源区划工作新局面。     

新认识·新班子·新举措─—北京市农业与农村资源区划工作会议召开

北京市政府召开农业与农村资源区划工作会议。指出：在社会主义市场经济条件下,区划工作的地位和作用变得更加重要。要求在重视农业、研究农业的同时,从农业区划向城郊区域经济方向转变。区划工作要转变指导思想,拓展工作领域,深化区划内容,革新技术方法。决定：调整充实原农业区划委员会,并改名“北京市农业与农村资源区划委员会”;下设办公室,独立建制,由综合部门归口管理;增加对资源区划工作资金投入;建立专家咨询委员会。布署了１９９４年工作重点。     

2005年农业资源区划工作座谈会在京召开

2005年2月25-26日,农业资源区划工作座谈会在京召开。会议由全国农业资源区划办公室刘北桦处长主持,全国农业资源区划办公室李伟方副主任出席会议,并做了重要讲话,讲话指出：要立足一个提高,完成两个重点,实现三个加强和促进四个转变。要把握机遇,坚定信心,不断开创农业资源区划工作新局面。     

欢迎征订《邯郸市农业资源与功能区划》一书

邯郸市农业资源区划办公室主编的《邯郸市农业资源与功能区划》一书于2007年4月由河北人民出版社正式出版。这是一部新形势和新时期的新农业区划,对各地深入开展农业资源区划工作和关心支持农业资源区划工作的同志将起到很好的借鉴作用。该书共分三大部分,第一部分为农业资源与评价,重点阐述了全市自然资源禀赋和社会经济技术条件状况,并对其发展优势和制约因素进行了综合评价;第二部分为农业功能分区,科学划分了不同类型的农业功能区域,明确了各区域主要发展方向和区域之间合理分工;第三部分为农业功能统筹发展战略,分析了农业功能的历史演变,提出了农业功能统筹发展构想和战略对策。该书在编写过程中,以农业多功能理论为基础,在     

欢迎征订《邯郸市农业资源与功能区划》一书

邯郸市农业资源区划办公室主编的《邯郸市农业资源与功能区划》一书于2007年4月由河北人民出版社正式出版。这是一部新形势和新时期的新农业区划,对各地深入开展农业资源区划工作和关心支持农业资源区划工作的同志将起到很好的借鉴作用。该书共分三大部分,第一部分为农业资源与评价,重点阐述了全市自然资源禀赋和社会经济技术条件状况,并对其发展优势和制约因素进行了综合评价;第二部分为农业功能分区,科学划分了不同类型的农业功能区域,明确了各区域主要发展方向和区域之间合理分工;第三部分为农业功能统筹发展战略,分析了农业功能的历史演变,提出了农业功能统筹发展构想和战略对策。该书在编写过程中,以农业多功能理论为基础,在     

欢迎征订《邯郸市农业资源与功能区划》一书

邯郸市农业资源区划办公室主编的《邯郸市农业资源与功能区划》一书于2007年4月由河北人民出版社正式出版。这是一部新形势和新时期的新农业区划,对各地深入开展农业资源区划工作和关心支持农业资源区划工作的同志将起到很好的借鉴作用。该书共分三大部分,第一部分为农业资源与评价,重点阐述了全市自然资源禀赋和社会经济技术条件状况,并对其发展优势和制约因素进行了综合评价;第二部分为农业功能分区,科学划分了不同类型的农业功能区域,明确了各区域主要发展方向和区域之间合理分工;第三部分为农业功能统筹发展战略,分析了农业功能的历史演变,提出了农业功能统筹发展构想和战略对策。该书在编写过程中,以农业多功能理论为基础,在     

部分省(区)2005年资源区划重点工作摘登

2005年2月25～26日,在北京召开了部分省(区)农业资源区划工作座谈会。会议在认真总结各地农业资源区划工作经验的基础上,按照党的十六届三中全会确定的全面、协调、可持续的科学发展观要求,以及胡锦涛总书记在党的十六届四中全会上明确指出的“两个趋向”重要论断的指示精神,结合当前农业和农村经济工作重点,对新形势下农业资源区划工作面临的形势任务进行了深入研讨,对农业资源区划工作中存在的主要问题进行了认真分析。会议研究了2005年农业资源区划工作,达成的多项共识和形成的工作思路,对今后开展农业资源区划工作具有指导作用。现将部分省(区)农业资源区划2005年工作重点和要完成的主要任务编发出来,希望对从事农业资源区划工作的同志有所启发。     

开拓农业资源区划工作的新局面

近期农业资源和区划工作指导思想是,以十四届三中全会和农村工作会议精神为指针,以适应建立市场经济体系,实现资源优化配置为目标,搞好资源调查、监测、评价,为领导宏观决策提供依据;加强资源管理,保护和开发利用资源,为农业和农村经济发展提供物质保障;搞好区域总体布局,加强资源优化配置,为社会主义市场经济发展服务;加强与有关部门的协调和配合,充分调动农业资源区划队伍的积极性,发挥区划系统的总体功能。１９９４年主要任务：１．建立健全农业资源信息动态监测体系;２．农业项目库建设;３．制定有关农业资源综合管理法规;４．开展新类别的资源区划;５．组织区域发展及大宗农产品产需平衡研究。     

把握发展机遇进一步做好新时期的农业资源区划工作

指出要正确认识和把握农业资源区划工作面临的形势和任务,以及新形势、新任务下,农业资源区划部门近期重点要抓的六项工作。     

论生态农业价值评估的操作困境及思路的创新

从４个方面分析了生态农业价值评估面临的操作困境,以及解脱评估操作困的思路;一是明确创新方向与目标;二是多学科的支持与配合,三是理论与科研相结合,四是加强必要的基本建设;五是提高研究群的计旦分析素质。     

THE ELASTICITY OF DEMAND FOR THE EXPORTS OF A SINGLE COUNTRY — A RECONSIDERATION

One country's exports of a particular commodity are usually imperfect substitutes for similar exports from other countries. Consequently, the price elasticity of export demand involves unknown cross elasticities between sub-groups of the commodity. However, there are constraints on the relative magnitudes of all the sub-group elasticities. These make it possible to assess the degree to which the whole commodity elasticity divided by the market share is an over-estimate of the export elasticity.     

ASSESSMENT OF THE OUTPUT OF A STOCHASTIC DECISION MODEL

The concept of stochastic dominance is described and its use is illustrated in relation to the evaluation of the output of a systems simulation model of lucerne haymaking in south-west Spain. Two alternative machinery systems are ranked for various lucerne areas using the criteria of stochastic dominance, and These results are compared with those obtained using mean-variance analysis.     

A REASSESSMENT OF THE ROLE OF COUNTY COUNCIL SMALLHOLDINGS

County Council smallholding estates were established early this century, reaching a peak in terms of numbers of tenants and area of land at about the time of the Second World War. Since then there has been a gradual reduction in their area and a rapid decline in the numbers of tenants. Debate about their role is concentrated on the inevitable conflict embodied in a policy which operates to resist market forces and yet which expects smallholders to achieve an adequate income within a market context. The declining numbers of tenants and the escalating land costs of providing smallholdings, especially where further output price reductions are anticipated, reemphasises the need to examine the position and prospects for smallholdings. A potential future role is outlined in relation to the wider issues of rural land use.     

A MODEL OF THE COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY

Several efforts have been made since 1980 to estimate the costs and benefits of the European Community's Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). This paper summarises the approach and method adopted in developing one such effort, which aims to provide results at country, commodity and interest group level both for the CAP as a whole, and for changes in it. Economic analysis of the effects of price changes in the CAP is carried out with the use of direct and crossprice elasticities of supply and demand for sixteen major commodities, using base levels of production, consumption, and gross trade flows in each member state, along with rest-of-world data. A number of CAP instruments, such as subsidies, levies, quotas and ‘green’ exchange rates, are built into the calculations and can be varied, along with support prices, to produce new situations in domestic markets and in world price levels. Both financial (budgetary) and welfare (economic surplus) effects of such exogenous price changes can be calculated. Certain policy changes, such as a move to ‘free’ markets, involve endogenous calculation of equilibrium prices. Trend projections subject to a priori constraints are used to produce results for years beyond the extent of data currently available. The types of model run commonly carried out are discussed, along with several strategic judgments that became necessary in carrying out the research. Finally, questions concerning the future development and use of the model are addressed.     

A GRAPHICAL ILLUSTRATION OF THE DULOY PARADOX

As a guide to the reorganisation of resources, the MVP /MFC comparison can result in the adjustment of resources to new levels which are actually further away from their optimal levels than their original values. Duloy illustrated this paradox mathematically in the context of fitted agricultural production functions in a paper published in 1959. His result is of considerable importance to agricultural micro-economists; however, it is not easy to teach to students of poor mathematical background. The need to be able to teach in literary form the Duloy Paradox–that increasing the application of a factor with a relatively high MVP can result in a movement away from the optimum input-mix–led to the following analysis.     

THE OPTIMAL CHOICE OF A VARIETY OF A SPECIES FOR VARIABLE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

When yields of a variety are a non-linear function of a relevant environmental condition, variability of this condition affects the average level of yields, and may favour one variety in comparison to another. When the yield function is strictly concave (exhibits diminishing marginal yield as a function of the environmental condition), heightened environmental variability increases the likelihood of the variety with the smallest change in marginal yield, the more tolerant one, maximising yield on average. However, if the yield function is strictly convex (increasing marginal yields are the case) increased environmental variability raises the likelihood of the variety with the greatest change in marginal yield, the less tolerant one, maximising yields on average. Examples are given, and simple rules are stated for choosing the variety that maximises average yields when yield functions are quadratic. The analysis can be adapted to decision-making in which average profit or expected utility, rather than average yield, is to be maximised.     

职称管理体制改革论析

职称管理体制改革论析李国民，刘鑫森，刘玉华随着我国由计划经济体制向社会主义市场经济体制转变，职称管理制度的改革势在必行。本文就此问题谈几点想法．一、当前职称评定存在的主要问题及其原因１９８６年开始实行的专业技术职务聘任制，是职称管理体制的重大改革。这...