Public Wage Differentials and the Public Administration "Industry"

The public sector consists of two broad sub samples, administrators and no administrators. The two groups have very different occupational compositions and contrasting patterns of compensation. Inconsistent treatment of these sub samples has led to past government differentials, which are not comparable. While administrators remain overpaid relative to their private sector counterparts, no administrators are underpaid relative to their counterparts. Moreover, public wage differentials way substantially in sign and magnitude from industry to industry. Such results demonstrate that no simple, homogeneous government differential exists.     

基于公私共生的公共工程采购模式

随着基础设施建设的发展,公共工程的采购模式也不断创新.将共生理论引入公私合作模式中,把政府与私营方视为系统两个独立的方面,对照共生模式中的基本类型,将政府与私营方之间的合作关系视为非对称互惠模式.文章通过博弈论分析了政府和私营方在共生模式下如何达到帕累托最优状态;运用价值网对政府与私营方的价值流进行分析,研究了政府与私营方共生的内在机理.文章通过能量损耗与共生能量的分配原则,提出了政府与私营方之间风险分担和利益分配的概念模型.     

Public policy for fibre-to-the-home

Integrated broadband networks are very costly, but many US industry analysts believe their introduction to the residential sector should be a national policy goal. Unfortunately current policy towards fibre-to-the-home is inherently unstable, and pits public and private needs against one another. A choice must be made between a public infrastructure approach, in which social costs and benefits are given greatest weight, and a private market paradigm, where communications networks develop according to market forces. This article examines some of the implications of each approach.     

Public value mapping of network neutrality: Public values and net neutrality in Korea

Network neutrality (NN) is of broad and current interest despite its complex and multifaceted nature. This study examines NN in the Korean context in terms of policy, industry, values, and society. It addresses the policy effectiveness of ongoing NN discussions by analyzing user attitudes and perceptions. The proposed model empirically tests policy effectiveness through user perceptions by incorporating factors representative of NN. Possible NN factors are derived from the previous literature and perceptions of NN concepts. The results find that regulation and competition are two primary factors constituting network neutrality, and these factors differently influence the formation of attitudes toward policy effectiveness. Political and social implications are discussed based on the proposed model. This study provides comprehensive analysis and heuristic data on user drivers, industry dynamics, and policy implications in the NN ecosystem.     

Public health and agricultural practice

Health, ecological and social aspects of agricultural policy are beginning to supplement traditional concerns of productivity and profitability, and underline the interdependence of agricultural and other areas of social and economic policy. This article reviews public health problems arising out of agricultural practices, and discusses some ecologically inspired initiatives which suggest a growing dissatisfaction with current trends.     

Public pricing under imperfect competition

Existing literature on second-best pricing assumes that regulatory control encompasses all industries subject to distortion. This paper extends the theory in a game-theoretic framework to incorporate market power outside the regulated sector. We find that in this situation, price always exceeds marginal cost in the public firm and that the profit constraint for the public firm need not be binding. In addition, the existence of pricing distortions outside the regulated sector can actually increase welfare.     

秦山核电基地——公众沟通实践

公众对核电的可接受性已成为影响核电发展的一个很重要的制约因素。福岛核事故后，确保核电更高安全标准，确保核电绝对安全，确保公众的参与权、知情权和监督权，都是关系到核安全和稳定的大事？     

论和合公共管理——创新和合公共管理的基本分析

所谓和合公共管理，就是秉承以人为本与和合价值观准则，服从和合发展战略要求的中国式和合管理在公共管理领域表现的内容。本论文所要进行的仅仅是对于和合公共管理的初步研究，主要包括对中国传统公共管理的历史追溯，以及通过与现代公共管理理论的比较研究所揭示的和合公共管理对于社会稳定发展与政府生产力提高意义的分析。     

关于电力公共基金的构想

建立电力公共基金是一个既合乎市场化改革方向,又符合我国国情的较好的政策选择。电力公共基金的用途主要有:支持电力“普遍服务”原则,落实居民用电“城乡同价”,扶持可再生能源发展。电力公共基金的来源:向电力消费者征收,多用电多负担。     

Language in the Public Service

In the Canadian public sector, legislation regulates the language of work and service to the public, generating a demand for bilingualism. We examine whether the bilingualism premium is higher in the public than in the private sector. We analyze how earnings from three census years, one before the legislation was strengthened, have evolved, we net out the effects of observables on earnings and we partially address the selection issue.     

A Future for Public Housing

Two primary reforms are needed for the future success of the current public housing program: revision of the funding system for operating subsidy and development of a strategy for capital improvements and future use of the inventory. The current funding system has been criticized because of the dramatic growth in operating costs in the last decade and because of apparent over-funding of some public housing authorities (PHAs) and a distributional bias against housing authorities operating in distressed environments. Either a cost-based operating subsidy system or a market-rent based system would have strengths as well as weaknesses. Either type of system can provide adequate, fair, constrained, and predictable subsidies. The current level of deterioration of the public housing stock, the concentration of social and physical problems in 7-to-15% of the inventory, and the perverse incentives of the present modernization program, suggest a need for reform of the capital improvement funding system. Each PHA should be provided fixed levels of funds, based on its needs, both for rehabilitating and maintaining projects. Further, a project-by-project assessment should be made to identify those which cannot be cost-effectively managed or rehabilitated.
The President's Commission on Housing contributed importantly to public discussion of these policy areas, by recommending a dramatic reassessment of each project and its future use in the context of a change to a market-based subsidy system.     

Employment and Local Public Sector Unions

This study examines the longitudinal effects of unionization on employment levels in 13, 749 departments of city and county government with unchanged union status between 1977 and 1982. The resluts demonstrate that, holding constant 1977 employment per capita, 1982 employment pr capita is 3.1 per cent higher in departments with bargaining units, compared to nonunion department. Employment levels in departments with nonbargaining associations are equal to nonunion levels, but associations may increase employment relative to levels employers would choose because they also set compensation above nonunion levels. The political context of local public sector employment is probably responsible for these effects.