BEA's Regional Economic Accounts Program: Recent and Planned Improvements

This article highlights recent improvements and plans for further improvements to each of BEA’s major regional economic accounts programs. The improvements focus on the acceleration of release of the estimates and on the preparation of new and extended estimates. There also is a brief discussion on BEA’s research effort to improve the regional accounts.JEL Classification E010     

Examining the Longevity of New Agency Accounts: A Comparative Study of U.S. and U.K. Advertising Experiences

Abstract

Since the typical account longevity is short, agencies should anticipate their likelihood of loss, seek to forestall and invest in their client relationships. A model is proposed for examining account lifetimes, which can offer guidance on the likely retention of future accounts. The impact of agency structural characteristics on longevity is also examined, and compared for both U.S. and U.K. markets. Results for both markets indicate that cumulative account dissolution increases at a decreasing rate over time. Greater account longevity is associated with larger agency size (both in terms of agency billings and employees), and agency age but not with stability of billings growth. Evidence suggests that several structural characteristics of agencies reflect the motivation and / or ability to maintain accounts.     

美国汽车技术法规研究报告

本文介绍了美国汽车法规的形成背景及历史发展,从美国汽车安全技术法规（FMVSS）、与FM-VSS配套的管理性技术法规、美国汽车产品安全召回法规、美国汽车环保技术法规、美国汽车节能技术法规、美国汽车防盗技术法规、美国联邦机动车运载安全法规、美国汽车合格评定等方面对美国汽车技术标准和法规体系进行系统研究,并关注和跟踪美国汽车技术发展的新趋势,对我国汽车产品破除发达国家技术性贸易壁垒具有重要指导意义。     

中美两国能源竞争博弈之分析

能源的重要性在经济高速发展的过程中已日益凸显,国内外学者对能源问题进行了诸多研究。但是与能源贸易相关的成果很少。本文拓展了能源贸易分析视角,在国际能源市场上信息完全对称的假设条件下,以中美两国为例,从短期和长期两个方面,探求能源进口大国之间开展互动博弈的均衡解,最后给出结论及相关思考。     

The safety and security of U.S. Hotels A Post-September-11 Report

U.S. hotels have a reasonably solid panoply of safety and security equipment—but there also are surprising gaps.     

美国电子消费品市场:商机多多

微欢公司创始人比尔·盖茨"未来智能化家庭媒体中心的构想"的演讲揭开了在美国拉斯维加斯举办的2005年度国际消费电子展(CES)的序幕.盖茨先生在演讲中称,消费者将在21世纪的第一个十年迎来"数字生活方式",即:以电脑为中心,连接高清晰度数字电视、MP3、DVD、数码相机、手机、游戏机甚至手表.让消费者生活在数字化的"声色世界"中.随着宽带的普及和数字设备的降价,数字化的发展速度超过了人们预期.     

欧美国家边境地区的一体化效应及其启示

本文根据边境地区的一体化效应理论,比较了美国-墨西哥边境地区和欧洲部分地区在一体化进程中不同的发展效应,分析了效应差异的原因和形成机制,指出一体化对边境地区发展的促进作用是不确定的,影响一体化效应的因素十分复杂.并以云南边境地区存在的各种贸易障碍为例,指出只有采取多层次的系统整合措施才能消除众多的发展障碍,发挥一体化对边境地区的促进作用.     

The Retail Travels of the U.S. Greenback: A Comparative Study of Currency Substitution Along the U.S.-Canadian and U.S.-Mexican Borders

This currency substitution study explores the extent of retail firm-level U.S. dollar acceptance in Canada and Mexico. Employing a stratified random sampling approach of retail business in the border region, results demonstrate that all Mexican firms (N = 300/300) and nearly all Canadian (N = 257/261) firms accept the U.S. dollar in retail transactions. Of greater interest is the difference between firms in the two countries in how acceptance of the U.S. dollar is operationalized. On average, U.S. dollar sales of Canadian border firms comprise just 3.4% of total sales whereas U.S. dollar sales of Mexican firms encompass 23.7% of total sales. Our results also indicate a stark contrast as to the effective exchange rate for U.S. dollar acceptance— Canadian firms typically charge a premium (2.1% on average) while 69.3% of Mexican firms transacted business at a discount (?0.8% on average). Additional analyses further refine the currency substitution distinctions between Canadian and Mexican firms in the sample including a logistical regression which reveals significant differences as to firm-level predictors of U.S. dollar acceptance (whether at a discount or premium).     

投资美国需要注意些什么

中美两国经贸关系，随着20多年前《中美贸易关系协定》的签定、相互给予最惠国待遇，迅速发展，贸易额连年增长。进一步推动中美两国的经贸发展，显然是符合两国人民根本利益的。在全球经济一体化的大背景下，在中国企业“走出去”呼声日高的今天，如何解读美国的投资环境？[编者按]     

Parental control: A study of U.S. subsidiaries in Mexico

This study develops a framework that suggests that subsidiary characteristics, such as performance, purpose and manager nationality affect the extent of control and mechanisms of control (i.e., results, cultural and action controls) that their parent companies exercise over them. Hypotheses were tested using survey responses from 44 Mexican subsidiary—U.S. parent dyads. As expected, results suggest that parental perceptions of subsidiary performance are inversely related to the extent of control that parent companies exercise over these subsidiaries. It was also found that subsidiaries established for purposes relating to a knowledge seeking motivation tended to be subject to more cultural control, but no support was found for the hypothesized relationships between market purpose and results control, and resource purpose and action control. Finally, also as predicted, Mexican managers tended to be subject to greater action control by their U.S. parent than American managers.     

保护主义的标本:美国钢铁贸易保护

我们经常听到这个国家那个国家的某些人士说,他们的国家的某个产业陷入了困境,这个产业快完了,而这个产业对国家安全、对国计民生如何如何重要,如果这个产业瘫痪了,国家就要面临危险,工人就要大规模失业,经济危机就会爆发.因此,政府必须挽救这个产业.办法嘛,都是现成的,制订保护性价格,发放补贴,对于国外同类产品,则要限制进口,提高关税,即进行贸易保护.每个国家都在搞这样那样的贸易保护,理由也都差不多.但如果要找一个贸易保护主义的活标本,最合适的,恐怕莫过于美国对钢铁产业长达200多年的保护.     

谈美国的经济现象与美元的财富效应

众所周知，美国是世界上经济实力最强的国家，同时也是贸易逆差最大的国家。那么，长期以来美国的巨额贸易逆差与经济增长却能同时并存，依然维持着美国经济的强势，这在世界上也是绝无仅有的经济现象。这里尽管原因很多，但从国际金融的角度分析，笔者赞同这样一种观点，即美元作为国际上流通量最大、流通范围最广的币种，其货币的特殊利益所带来的财富效应，已成为支撑美国经济发展的重要因素。现在，我们暂且不从理论上进行探讨，而只对美国经济现象的一系列数字加以分析，就会发现其中的奥妙，值得深入思考。在国际金融领域中，美国的国…     

美国纺职业反倾销已显端倪

亚洲金融危机后,亚洲货币贬值促使亚洲廉价纺织品大量销往美国市场,给美纺织业造成极大冲击;加之北美自由贸易协定亦使美国纺织业面临压力,纺织业规模大幅缩小.据资料显示,2000年美国的纺织品和服装的进口量同比增长了14.8%,美国纺织业亏损5.19亿美元,第一次呈负增长.日前,美国的纺织品和服装企业向美国政府提出,针对进口的增长,应根据WTO的有关规定,限制外国的纺织品和服装向美国出口.     

U.S.-Canadian trade liberalization and adjustment mechanisms: A survey

The prospect of bilateral trade liberalization requires an understanding of contemporary work on the adjustment process. This survey of recent models by principally Canadian economists examines the methodological foundations of this research. It is found that the new trade adjustment models are just beginning to incorporate key elements of industrial organization effects such as intra-firm trade and non-tariff barriers to trade. More progress in these areas is required.