美、德金融环境对其风险投资影响的比较及其借鉴

风险投资是技术创新和金融创新相结合的必然结果,是一种与产业资本运营相结合的金融创新活动.德国属于银行主导型的金融体制,美国属于市场主导型的金融体制,两国的产融结合模式不同.从宏观上看,美国的金融环境为其风险投资的发展提供了有利条件,德国的金融环境在一定程度上对其风险投资的发展有负面影响.具体分析,美、德两国由于其金融环境不同,使得风险投资在资金来源、投资方向退出方式和风险企业的约束与激励机制等方面存在很大的差异.我国目前的金融体系限制了风险资本的来源,同时对风险投资的退出也形成制约.因此,我国风险投资的发展应从增加风险投资资金来源及建立第二板市场入手.     

A NOTE ON THE MARGINAL COST OF DEBT CAPITAL

The firms marginal cost of debt capital was interpreted in this author's previous publications as the "full marginal cost of relaxing the money capital availability constraint' when the incremental money capital employed takes the form of debt capital. Account is thereby taken of the effects on financing costs of the increased risk exposure that debt financing implies for both debt and equity holders. The present paper clarifies a misconception in a recently published paper by Draper and Findlay, and exhibits the linkage between concepts relevant to the firm's fmancing decision and the general marginal analysis.     

A NOTE ON VICKERS' MARGINAL COST OF DEBT CAPITAL

Douglas Vickers has written extensively on the concept of the marginal cost of debt capital. His defmition is shown to be ambiguous and his derivation rather unusual. This paper points out the problems in his work and derives a conventional marginal cost of debt.