第三代洗涤剂发展预测

第三代洗涤剂－超浓缩液体洗涤剂不仅能够满足安全、节能、优质、高效、多功能的要求，而且在生产中还具有投资少、成本低、无“三废”、生产灵活、市场适应力强等优点。根据国内外洗涤用品发展趋势和我国洗涤剂工业发展政策，预测我国发展超浓缩液体洗涤剂具有广阔的市场前景和可观的经济效益。     

安利乐新多用途浓缩清洁剂

安利乐新多用途浓缩清洁剂是安利公司创办之初生产的第一款清洁产品。这款产品在当时市场上率先采用生物降解的清洁剂（中性洗涤剂）,上市第一年安利就凭此产品创下了50万美元营业额的业绩。50多年来,乐新超前的环保理念及有机、温和、多用途、浓缩等特性一直受到市场推崇,经久不衰。     

技术需求与难题求解

寻求天然浓缩胶乳生产技术 山东省青州市胶粘剂制品厂现寻求天然浓缩胶乳和无纺布胶粘剂技术配方,希望有些技术的科研单位或专家与本厂联系(可技术人股等)。 地址:山东省青州市东坝镇政府驻地 联系人:吴学江 电话:0536—3532197 手 机:13953673366 寻求过硼酸钠、过碳酸钠生产技术 江苏吴江海鹰洗涤剂有限公司现寻求过硼酸钠、过碳酸钠生产技术,要求:(1)设备过硼酸钠、过碳酸钠通用;(2)过     

洗涤剂中的助洗剂

洗涤剂是人们生活中不可缺少的日用品,我国近年来各种洗涤剂的生产量已达到400万吨/年(2002年统计),并以平均每年3.4%的速度递增。洗涤剂的种类较多,如洗衣粉、餐具清洗剂、卫生间洗涤剂及各种工业清洗剂等等。洗涤剂是由表面活性剂、助洗剂组成。洗涤剂的助洗剂是生产各类洗涤     

加拿大提出《磷浓度法规》修订提案

加拿大环境部日前发布G／TBT／N／CAN／247号通报,涉及家用衣物洗涤剂、商业和工业用衣物洗涤剂、餐具洗涤剂和家用清洁剂。     

洗涤剂的明智选择

多年来,国内消费者一直习惯使用以洗衣皂、洗衣粉为主的固体洗涤剂,而近年来,洗衣液以极快的增长速度改变了洗涤剂市场的分布格局。有资料表明,目前在国外的数万种洗涤用品中,液体洗涤剂品种占到了80％以上;在我国,现在液体洗涤剂品种也有数百个之多,年产量达到70多万吨。     

无磷洗涤剂市场研究

生态环境保护问题倍受关注,世界各国都采取了相应的环境保护措施。为了减轻和防止因使用含磷洗涤剂而造成的水体富营养化和生态环境破坏,目前我国正在大力提倡和推广使用低磷和无磷洗涤剂,并掀起了限磷、禁磷浪潮。本文对我国无磷洗涤剂发展状况、市场规模、市场结构等进行了讨论,分析了无磷洗涤剂供需情况和市场竞争格局,并从市场营销策略方面总结企业成败得失,评点市场领先要素,还预测了市场未来发展方向。     

家用洗涤剂的正确认识和使用

洗涤剂是我们日常生活中的必需品,织物洗涤剂、去污剂和杀菌消毒剂是最常使用的三类。但是经常有因洗涤剂气味或残留引发身体不适的事件发生。天天都要接触的洗涤剂竞也有危害,该如何使用才能最大限度将其消除呢？     

过碳酸钠的生产及其在洗涤剂中的应用

洗涤剂的发展趋向之一是多功能化。洗涤剂中加入过碳酸钠可使其在去污的同时，兼有漂白、消毒和杀菌作用，正符合多功能化要求。文中叙述了过碳酸钠的生产方法和产品性质，并举例说明其在洗涤剂中的应用。     

《化工科技市场》技术转让项目

环保新产品无磷助洗剂——层状结晶二硅酸钠1项目概况层硅酸钠是生产洗衣粉等洗涤剂的基本原料,是完全替代三聚磷酸钠、4A 沸石生产无磷洗涤剂的最佳产品,可彻底解决洗涤剂中磷酸盐对江河湖海的污染等,还可节省我国有限的磷矿资源,是高新技术的环保型产品生产项目。     

Consumer laundry practices and satisfaction: pre- and post-phosphate detergent ban

Laundry practices and satisfaction of consumers in soft and hard water areas were compared before and after the state of Virginia initiated a ban on the sale and use of phosphate-built laundry detergents. Respondents to mail questionnaires (184 before: 174 after) generally had high satisfaction with laundry results before and after the ban despite the fact that they did not always follow currently recommended laundry practices. Post-ban, few practices had changed, but more respondents in both water areas tended always or frequently to add extra detergent for heavily soiled items. Thus. during the first 2 or 3 months of the ban little effect on laundry practices and satisfaction was apparent. Education about recommended laundry practices appears beneficial because of the implications for family economic well-being.     

Changing laundry habits in Norway

Maintenance is often the most energy‐demanding stage during clothes' life cycle. Therefore, a shift towards more sustainable washing habits has great potential to reduce the consumption of energy, water and detergent. This paper discusses the change in laundering practices during the past 10 years in Norway and suggests strategies to help consumers change their laundry habits to more sustainable ones. Quantitative information of consumers' experiences, habits and opinions concerning clothing maintenance was collected through three surveys in Norway in 2002, 2010 and 2011. The 2010 study was supplemented with qualitative in‐depth interviews of a strategic sample of households. The average washing temperature has decreased slightly during the studied time periods. Some products' washing frequencies remained the same, whereas other products such as jeans were used a few more days before washing. The cotton programme is the most used washing programme, but short programmes are gaining popularity. The laundry sorting processes vary greatly and are influenced by several factors such as washing temperature, colours, fibre type and use area. For some consumers, the use of several different sorting categories made it more difficult to collect a sufficient amount of clothing to fill the machine. They were also afraid that overfilling the machine would result in clothes that were not clean enough or had detergent residues. Detergent dosing practices are far from optimal. In 2010, although the majority of respondents only used eye measure and did not know the water hardness of their area, they still tried to vary detergent dosage based on the amount of laundry and the level of soiling. Different design for sustainable behaviour strategies could be used within detergent dosage systems, care labelling, machine programme selection (such as suggesting lower temperature and eco‐programme), machine filling grade indicators, storage systems for slightly used clothing and textile material choice.     

Environmental value chain management of laundry detergents in the use phase

Environmental value chain management is concerned with the environmental aspects of products and services along the whole value chain, from raw material and energy acquisition to waste management. The use phase in the value chain remains an understudied subject, despite considerable consumption‐related environmental impacts. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the use phase of laundry detergents in households. Our empirical data consist of interviews in the laundry rooms of 299 Finnish households. Consumers’ environmental awareness, use of dosage measuring devices and actual doses of laundry detergents are studied in the empirical part of the study. The results show that consumers do not perceive households as significant polluters, the measuring devices they use are diverse and the number of ‘heavy users’ is high in all detergent brands. It is concluded that in the consumption of laundry detergents, consumers do not perceive environmental issues as specific value criteria in relation to the use of laundry detergents. Manufacturers, marketers and other actors in the value chain of laundry detergents could contribute to alleviating the harmful environmental impacts of the use phase by more effective consumer education and better product design. For consumers, it might be beneficial to adopt eco‐efficiency thinking in their daily consumption.     

The effects of water hardness level on washing quality using commercial laundry detergents

The water hardnesses were determined for 10 samples of water. A wide variation of water hardnesses were found ranging from very soft to very hard. The effectiveness of six commercial laundry detergents of different formulations were evaluated. The detergent containing a non-ionic surfactant with a phosphate builder was found to give the best whiteness results, regardless of water hardness. Because of the possible environmental problems associated with the use of phosphates, consumers may wish to select the next most effective detergent formulation, which varied between water samples.     

HOME LAUNDERING PART I. AN EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LAUNDERING SOILED TEXTILES

The washing performance of a popular U.K. detergent product has been evaluated at two different temperatures. The results are discussed in terms of potential energy savings which can be achieved by washing at cooler temperatures and the acceptability of the clean laundry as determined by a panel of consumers.     

Clean laundry with pure conscience—A study on laundry practices among Finnish consumers

The previous study concerning laundry practices in Finland was published 16 years ago. Since that time, many pro‐environmental debates have been going on and sustainable actions have been implemented in many areas of individual lives and households. The purpose of this study is to investigate the textile laundering practices of Finnish consumers and their attitudes toward clothing care procedures. This study discusses how laundry habits could be developed into a more sustainable direction. The data for this research were gathered through an online enquiry that consisted of structured multiple‐choice questions. The data were obtained from 1,841 persons of whom 97.5% were women (n = 1,795). The data were analyzed by statistical means using the SPSS program. The data show that, despite media attention and debate about textile care procedures, there still are factors in laundering that burden the environment. From a sustainability point of view, some improvements exist when comparing to the situation 16 years ago, but washing machines still are seldom filled to their full capacity and consumers, being unaware of water hardness, administer excessive amounts of detergent. The current life situations of the household members seem to be major factors influencing laundry habits and sustainable actions. Especially, young people and families with children would benefit from information and instructions on laundry practices. Topics could contain knowledge about water hardness and proper dosing of detergent, filling the washing machine, washing temperatures, drying methods, and saving energy. Furthermore, general promotion of gender equality is important because household work and laundering is strikingly women‐performed work.     

Market strategy for promoting green consumption: Consumer preference and policy implications for laundry detergent

Green consumption is a very common phrase in our daily lives, yet product characteristics that mainly contribute to the diffusion of green products are largely unknown. Based on microeconomic theory, we conduct a conjoint survey of consumer preferences for a ubiquitous green product—laundry detergent. We analyze the correlation between consumers' demographic variables and attributes of laundry detergents through a hierarchical Bayesian mixed logit model. We find that consumer preferences for attributes display significant heterogeneity. Age and income significantly influence the marginal preferences for attributes. An examination of consumer willingness to pay and of the relative importance of each attribute reveals that price and base material are the most important attributes. Green attributes, such as skin irritation potential and biodegradability, tend to be less important. This study also examines preference heterogeneity based on previous purchase experience. To promote green consumption, we emphasize the need for policies that reduce the value‐action gap.     

Behavioural loyalty towards store brands

This paper applies a consumer brand choice model to measure store brand (SB) loyalty. The aim of this paper is to examine whether SB loyalty is different across categories, and we focus on risk perception as an explanatory variable. The model is estimated using ACNielsen Spanish household scanner panel data on two laundry detergent categories over a 2-year period for more than 1107 households. Loyalty, price, socio-demographics and shopping behaviour variables are included. The discrete-choice model formulation is the logit model.     

Viewers' processing of Actor's race and message claims in advertising stimuli

This study examines the impact of white and black actors' race and viewers' racial attitudes on advertisement evaluation, A total of 160 white and 140 black participants rated an advertisement featuring a white or black actor promoting a portable word processor or a liquid laundry detergent. An assessment of racial attitudes (i.e., whites' racial prejudice and blacks' identification with black culture) followed product, advertisement, and actor ratings. The findings indicated that, when the black actor promoted the relatively inexpensive liquid detergent, viewers with stronger racial attitudes were more likely to employ racially focused heuristics than viewers with weaker racial attitudes. The data did not support the notion that viewers with less defined racial attitudes would be more likely to consider the message claims than viewers with firmly established racial attitudes. These findings provided partial support for the heuristic versus systematic processing distinction.     

The impact of search costs on consumer behavior: A dynamic approach

Prices for grocery items differ across stores and time because of promotion periods. Consumers therefore have an incentive to search for the lowest prices. However, when a product is purchased infrequently, the effort to check the price every shopping trip might outweigh the benefit of spending less. I propose a structural model for storable goods that takes into account inventory holdings and search. The model is estimated using data on laundry detergent purchases. I find search costs play a large role in explaining purchase behavior, with consumers unaware of the price of detergent on 70 % of their shopping trips. Therefore, from the retailer’s point of view raising awareness of a promotion through advertising and displays is important. I also find a promotion for a particular product increases the consumer’s incentive to search. This change in incentives leads to an increase in category traffic, which from the store manager’s perspective is a desirable side effect of the promotion.