对资产评估中的"资产"概念的探析

资产是评估的对象,有关资产本质的理论也是评估理论的基础,但在我国资产的概念更多的是从会计角度出发的,评估中资产定义也过多地体现了会计的计量性质.本文从资产评估的几个基本问题入手,结合资产评估的前提假设、原则,试图从评估中的资产与其它领域的资产的区别于联系中把握资产的概念.     

森林景观资产与森林环境资产的评估方法

森林景观资产与森林环境资产的评估研究,是这些森林资源进入市场、参与各种市场经济活动的前提,也是森林企业建立科学管理机制的基础工作。本文在分析森林景观资源与森林环境资源的概念、特点及构成的基础上,对这些森林资源资产评估的方法进行了介绍。     

资产评估准则与国有资产评估管理

一、资产评估的作用日益凸显资产评估正在日益凸显重要的地位和作用。在市场经济活动中,资产评估起着保护投资者合法权益,维护经济秩序,保障公平交易的重要作用。在市场机制条件下国有资产保值增值中,资产评估是国有资产监督管理工作不可或缺的重要环节和基础性工作。资产评估已成为维护国有资产合法权益,推动国有资产有序发展,     

Trading Complex Assets

We perform an experimental study to assess the effect of complexity on asset trading. We find that higher complexity leads to increased price volatility, lower liquidity, and decreased trade efficiency especially when repeated bargaining takes place. However, the channel through which complexity acts is not simply due to the added noise induced by estimation error. Rather, complexity alters the bidding strategies used by traders, making them less inclined to trade, even when we control for estimation error across treatments. As such, it appears that adverse selection plays an important role in explaining the trading abnormalities caused by complexity.     

浅谈固定资产减值准备与折旧的关系

固定资产减值准备与折旧是固定资产核算的重要组成部分,从资产负债表上看,固定资产减值准备和折旧互为补充,共同反映固定资产账面价值的减少。但在实践中,却常常有人认为折旧已经表示了固定资产由于损耗而减少的价值,再对固定资产计提减值准备就显得多余了,属于重复性的工作。在此,笔者对固定资产减值准备与折旧二者之间的关系以及固定资产减值准备转回对折旧计提的影响表述了自己的看法。     

关于我国目前推行资产证券化难点问题的思考

资产证券化是国际金融领域近三十年里最重要的一种金融创新。目前，国内学界对我国进行资产证券化的研究论述较多。中国人民银行戴相龙行长在今年 5月份的《财富》论坛上指出“正在准备将住房贷款证券化”。然而，我国目前进行资产证券化的条件是否具备呢 ?史焕平同志撰文从进行资产证券化的程序开始分析，认为我国目前进行资产证券化工作还存在不少的难点和问题，只有在近几年努力做好各项基础工作，才能为资产证券化的推出创造条件。详见第 20页。     

专用性资产的价值评估

专用性资产在重新配置于其他用途后,往往不能发挥其原有的价值,造成资产贬值,因此在资产评估业务中应该考虑这种因素.遗憾的是在目前的评估理论中,对资产专用性问题的研究却很少涉及.本文就此问题进行初步的分析和探讨.     

资产及减值准备

预期能为企业带来经济利益是资产的重要特征，而带来经济利益能力下降的资产则应计提减值准备。企业会计制度全面贯彻八项减值准备，为我国加入WTO作好了会计标准方面的准备。     

表内资产表外化,信贷资产证券化重新起航

截至到2008年,中国共发行了19单累计668亿元资产支持证券,从客观效果上评价,此类产品均未出现违约情况,只是由于诸多原因制约而无法得以大规模推广。尤其在2008年次贷危机爆发后,中国的监管部门和学术界开始重新审视中国的资产证券化之路,一时间继续推进信贷资产证券化成为讳莫如深之事,中国     

出售股票还是出售资产

以股票形式出售和以资产形式出售有区别吗 当一个人开始业务,创建自己的公司时,是建立S型公司还是建立C型公司,完全取决于公司的长期融资战略、各种法律条款及对交税的要求,而可能从来没有考虑过公司的形式会影响公司日后的出售.其实,当一个企业决定出售时,企业的形式会对销售价格有很大的影响.     

运用债务重组化解中国金融资产管理公司不良资产有关问题探析

国际经验和中国金融资产管理公司运作两年来的实践都充分表明 ,设计缜密的不良资产重组模式 ,可以加快重组速度、有效地化解金融风险、增强整个金融体系的安全性。否则将事倍功半 ,甚至有可能导致重组的失败。本文根据中国的实际情况 ,对运用债务重组方式处置中国金融资产管理公司不良资产的优劣、适用性等进行了探讨     

技术类无形资产和技术类无形资产评估常见问题的探析

本文首先介绍了技术类无形资产的概念,重点对在评估实务中的一些常见的问题从评估方法、术阶段判断等做了较为详尽的剖析。进而详细地叙述了影响技术类无形资产价值的因素,文章选用参数、技术类无形资产定位、技术类无形资产所处技     

看住公共资产

澳大利亚刚刚发布了综合战略资产管理指南,它主要是告诉负责管理公营部门资产的专业人员如何妥善管理资产。随着澳大利亚联邦、各州和各领地政府建造项目的资产价值超过6000亿澳元,如何让这些资产发挥最大效益已经成为社会十分关注的问题。     

许建平的资本感悟

小说、寓言、散文,许建平最爱写这三种。小说出其不意,寓言讽刺锐利,散文隽秀淡泊,看似十足文人,真实身份,却是宏源证券股份有限公司(简称宏源证券,000562)副总经理、CFO。十多年前,还在财政部工作的时候,许建平写作全关经济     

Intangible Assets and Corporate Signaling

Research and development (R&D) and advertising expenditures often result in patents, technologies and brand names which are difficult to accurately value. Under current generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) these intangible assets are generally not recognized in the financial statements, but instead are expensed in the period that they occur. Prior studies note that the market-to-book ratios of firms with significant levels of R&D and advertising expenditures suggest that investors, at least partially, value these assets. Researchers and practitioners argue that current GAAP, by not recognizing these intangible assets, reduces the usefulness and relevance of accounting reports.We investigate whether companies with significant levels of intangible assets are more likely to emphasize dividend increases and stock repurchases (which are generally perceived as signaling favorable investment opportunities), instead of traditional accounting disclosures, as a means of overcoming adverse selection. Because these assets are difficult to measure, cash distributions may be viewed as a more credible means of signaling firm value to investors. Using analysts' ratings of firms' accounting disclosures, we find that companies with higher levels of R&D and advertising expenditures are less likely to provide extensive accounting disclosures and instead tend to employ dividend and stock repurchase signals. We obtain these results even after controlling for other firm attributes, such as size, stock returns performance, leverage, liquidity and investors' expectations of growth opportunities. We also find that the market reaction to dividend increase and stock repurchase announcements is greater for firms with higher levels of R&D and advertising expenditures, indicating that these announcements are more informative for such firms.     

资产减值与盈余管理——基于长期资产减值转回的实证研究

2006年2月15日《企业会计准则第8号：资产减值》的颁布，作为我国会计准则与国际会计准则的实质性差异之一，长期资产减值能否转回问题又成为人们瞩目的焦点。本文试图利用实证研究论证我国上市公司确实有利于资产减值转回（尤其是长期资产减值转回）进行盈余管理的行为，旨在为《资产减值》准则的制定与实施提供一些经验数据。同时重点关注上市公司2006年对于以前年度计提的长期资产减值准备的处理方式，以观测新准则的发布和实施对于上市公司的影响程度，以及是否的确出现了部分学者预言的“最后的疯狂”——上市公司资产减值转回的“赶集”现象。     

谈资产证券化在金融资产管理公司中的应用

资产证券化作为20世纪国际铭领域中最重要的金融创新之一，是金融资产管理公司以处置不良资产的独具优势的一项新手段，目前，随着我国金融资产管理公司的成立和资本市场的发展，资产证券化技术在我国金融资产管理公司中的应用已基本具备可行性。     

Bayesian Premium Rating with Latent Structure

We propose a fully Bayesian approach to non-life risk premium rating, based on hierarchical models with latent variables for both claim frequency and claim size. Inference is based on the joint posterior distribution and is performed by Markov Chain Monte Carlo. Rather than plug-in point estimates of all unknown parameters, we take into account all sources of uncertainty simultaneously when the model is used to predict claims and estimate risk premiums. Several models are fitted to both a simulated dataset and a small portfolio regarding theft from cars. We show that interaction among latent variables can improve predictions significantly. We also investigate when interaction is not necessary. We compare our results with those obtained under a standard generalized linear model and show through numerical simulation that geographically located and spatially interacting latent variables can successfully compensate for missing covariates. However, when applied to the real portfolio data, the proposed models are not better than standard models due to the lack of spatial structure in the data.     

谈资产减值准备

由于企业所拥有的各种资产存在各种形式的损耗，使其实际价值与帐面余额之间可能存在差异，为了客观、真实地反映企业各项资产的实际价值，对资产定期计提减值准备是非常必要的，主要对资产减值准备计提的理论依据、计提范围、计提方法和实际操作中可能存在的各种问题进行了论述。