P.M.——一种新型航运经营方式

P.M.是英文 Poll Manegement 的缩写,其涵义为“联合经营”,也可以称为“协议经营”。其经营方式是:由若干家不同的船公司以互助的形式,根据协议共同组成一种新型的航运组织,其中的各成员公司按照协议分别提供一定的运力,然后由所成立的职能机构代表各成员公司将这些运力组织起来形成一支船队,根据航运市场货源的需求情况统一协调运力,收益则依协议在各成员公司之间分配。这种经营方式具有如下的特点:它并不是以直接投资入股方式的联合,也不是以垄断某一特定区域、航线的货源、运价为主要目的的组织。它旨在协调、联合不定期船的营运,是一种通过调剂运力来调剂航运市     

基于.net的邮件系统

电子邮件被称为“存贮转发式”服务。这正是电子信箱系统的核心,利用存贮转发可进行非实时通信,属异步通信方式。即信件发送者可随时随地发送邮件,不要求接收者同时在场,即使对方现在不在,仍可将邮件立刻送到对方的信箱内,且存储在对方的电子邮箱中。接收者可在他认为方便的时候读取信件,不受时空限制。本文主要阐述了利用.net技术实现邮件发送的方法。     

Japan's capital Tôkyô and its airports: problems and prospects from subnational and supranational perspectives

This paper deals with air passenger traffic and airport competition in Japan and East and Southeast Asia. The focus is on the airports serving Tôkyô, and the question whether they will be able to meet the future transport needs of a ‘global city’. The concentration of the paper is on two topics: an analysis of the position of the capital region airports within the Japanese airport hierarchy and an examination of the competition between Tôkyô and the major metropolitan airports in East and Southeast Asia. The paper provides insights into the basic problems and perspectives of Japanese airport policies, the current conflicts concerning the goals and strategies of airport development in Tôkyô and the complex interests of key actors.     

Medical tourists’ emotional and cognitive response to credibility and Servicescape

While medical tourism has been an issue of increasing interest among scholars and practitioners, most studies are dedicated to understanding the factors of attraction that lead medical tourists to select a certain destination and treatment providers. In this vein, more studies are needed to understand medical tourists’ perceptions about medical facilities and staff, and repurchase intention formation. In order to contribute to bridging this gap, the current study aims to explore the effect of Servicescape (intrinsic cues) and credibility (extrinsic cues) on medical tourists’ emotion, perceived quality and image. The proposed model was tested in the medical tourism context in Portugal. The questionnaire was distributed to individuals who had stayed in a hospital devoted to medical tourism. A convenience sample of 332 usable questionnaires was employed to test the model. Findings reveal that ambience and design are the most important factors in formatting Servicescape itself. Servicescape and credibility are effective antecedents of customer image and pleasure-feeling. Credibility is more effective in enhancing pleasure-feeling and Servicescape in creating a favourable image. On the other hand, perceptions of quality do not contribute significantly to pleasure-feeling. Finally, the article also provides managerial implications and suggests avenues for further research.     

Public transport and car-sharing—benefits and effects of combined services

The article presents the results of a German research project, where recommendations for the synthesis of public transport and car-sharing/car clubs are given. In order to determine effects and factors of success of combined services, the adoption process, the mobility behaviour and customer satisfaction were investigated within the context of model projects in two German cities. The results prove that car-sharing is suitable as a supplement to public transport.     

Do gender and nationality affect attitudes towards tourism and the environment?

This study examines whether gender and home economy influence attitudes towards tourism and the environment. Students enrolled in senior undergraduate and first‐year postgraduate tourism and hospitality subjects from eight economies are studied. Previous research on environmental attitudes has focused on either gender or home nationality, but has rarely examined the interrelationship between the two, and none has focused explicitly on attitudes to tourism and the environment. The study concluded that nationality mitigates attitudes among women much more than it does among men. The authors also conclude that general environmental attitudes are well formed, but tourism‐related environmental attitudes are often contradictory. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Traffic congestion and trucking managers’ use of automated routing and scheduling

Using data from a 2001 survey of managers of 700 trucking companies operating in California, we tested competing hypotheses about the relationship between managers’ perceptions of the impact of traffic congestion on their operations and their companies’ adoption of routing and scheduling (R/S) software. Demand for R/S software was found to be influenced directly by the need to re-route drivers, and indirectly by the need, generated by customers’ schedules, to operate during congested periods. We were also able to identify which types of trucking companies are most affected by congestion and which types are more likely to adopt such software.     

Strategic alliances between airlines and airports—theoretical assessment and practical evidence

Strategic alliances are now widespread. This paper shifts the focus from alliances among airlines toward strategic alliances involving passenger airlines and airports. Following a conceptual path analyzing motives, potential benefits and problems, potential fields of cooperation are identified along with three basic classes of airline–airport alliances. Capacity-based, marketing-based, and security based cooperation models are assessed with regard to benefits for the participating airline and airport partners. This expands the existing literature that has largely neglected the airline–airport relationship and its potential for developing their respective competitive strategies. The case of the alliance between Lufthansa and Munich airport serves as an illustration.