需求培育、权责均等与农村集体经济困境摆脱

1978年以来,发展农村集体经济的目的是配合解决不同时期农业、农村的主要问题,因此,农村集体经济困局的形成不是孤立的,而是问题导向下国家的政策目标以及配套的制度安排使然。大力推进农村集体产权制度改革,需要解决城中村、城郊村和经济发达村过度依赖土地等要素增值收益等问题;设计合理的集体资产权益的分享与继承方式;优化农村集体资产股份退出范围;等等。     

A “quota silo” or positive equality reach? The equality impact of gender quotas on corporate boards in Norway

10 years after its implementation, we explore the equality reach of the 40% Norwegian gender quota regulation for boards of public limited companies (PLCs) using a multi‐strategy approach (administrative data and interviews with women directors) to capture interrelated macro and meso changes. We employ Acker's (2006) inequality regimes as our analytical framework, augmented by the “equality reach” concept. We found strong compliance with the 40% Quota. However, there was little evidence of voluntary spillover to limited companies as envisaged by Quota proponents; instead Quota coverage reduced as some PLCs changed status to avoid the Quota requirement. We reveal that positive equality reach in one of the most equal countries in the world is confined to a PLC “quota silo,” which has shrunk over the life of the Quota. Moreover, we suggest that PLC high levels of compliance may be a defensive strategy seen as necessary in the regulatory/high sanction context of the Quota. We demonstrate the need for further political and organisational interventions to improve equality reach beyond the quota silo. We also show the value of the equality reach concept for research on equality interventions and warn of the dangers of an intervention leading to an equality silo.     

FEMALE ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN EARLY ISLAM

The absence of female leaders in business and public life is conspicuous in Islamic societies. One explanation may be that Islam imposes legal and social inequality on men and women. However, a comparison of female entrepreneurship in pre‐Islamic society and in Mohammed's era shows that women occupied leadership roles before and after the establishment of Islam. Mohammed's wives were commercially astute, and Mohammed and his contemporaries respected the rights of women to make decisions regarding finances, matrimony and religious affiliation. The right of women to assume public leadership roles is compatible with Islam.     

企业治理结构的变迁：一个基于产权博弈的观点

本文在阐述企业治理结构和产权等相关概念的基础上,从产权博弈的角度对于当今典型的内部监控型企业治理结构和外部监控型企业治理结构的变迁作了深入的分析。本文的结论是:企业治理结构的变迁是产权博弈的结果。考虑市场因素和制度环境下的资本产权当事人之间博弈均衡形成的企业治理结构将是一种合理的形式。     

知识的产权安排逻辑与知识产权保护对策

文章分析了不同类型知识的特点及其相应的产权安排原则,并对知识产权保护实现途径提出了具体的建议。     

国际人权法及缔约国国内法对外国人财产权的保障及对我国之启示

通过对联合国框架下的人权条约、各区域人权条约以及主要缔约国在外国人财产权保障方面的规定和做法进行研究,可知联合国人权条约对一般意义上个人（包括外国人）财产权的保护程度明显偏弱,各区域人权公约对财产权的保护则各有侧重,各缔约国对外国人的财产普遍有一定限制。其中有不少是我国在外国人财产权方面制定和适用法律、规则可借鉴的做法。     

中国农村产权制度改革历程与新时代实践

中国农村改革始终围绕着不断落实和保护农民产权而进行,从实施\"农民土地所有权、三级集体所有、家庭联产承包责任制\"等,到\"三权分置\"\"土地确权\",经历了五个阶段的改革和发展,对新时代深化农村产权制度改革具有重要的启示作用。新时代,我国农村产权制度改革存在农村新型经济组织法律主体地位缺失等困境。为此,应通过完善相关法律法规、引入共享经济模式盘活农村空置住宅、发展农村社区股份合作社、减轻新型经济组织和农民税费负担、加快对新型集体经济组织进行顶层设计等举措深化农村产权改革,补齐农村发展短板,促进乡村振兴。     

略论离婚时房产的归属与处理

夫妻涉及的房产在处理时,适用的法律主要有《婚姻法》、《物权法》,《婚姻法》中对财产的处理考虑到家庭的特殊性,应该优先适用。房产证是拥有房产的证明,当房产证表明的房产归属与《婚姻法》规定不一致时,应以《婚姻法》来认定其归属。在对夫妻涉及的房产处理时,应注意保护妇女、儿童合法权益,遵循公平原则。本文结合实践中常见的几种夫妻涉及的房产纠纷,进行了分析。     

Women Entrepreneurs: Can We Remove the Barriers?

Entrepreneurial activity among women continues to attract attention world wide. However, despite obvious gains, women lag behind men in business ownership and economic independence on every continent. This paper will review the research on entrepreneurship as a career choice for women, the motivations and career paths followed by women entrepreneurs, the attitudes and behaviors associated with successful ventures, the problems that persist and policies that conspire to keep women’s businesses few and small. A discussion of legislation and practices that have helped and hindered women’s entrepreneurship will follow, with suggestions for reframing the issues and reforming policies.     

土地流转中完善农民权利是关键

农村土地制度完善与否,土地流转机制是否适应现代经济的市场化发展,对国民经济的发展产生着深远的影响。土地不仅是农业发展最基本的生产资料,也是农民最基本的生活保障。因此,如何充分关注农民的切身利益,成为土地流转中的关键。     

建筑物区分所有权之专有权研究

建筑物区分所有权涉及诸多法理与实务中的难点问题,理论问题如专有权的判定、专有部分的范围、专有权的权能及其限制等,实务问题涉及建筑物基本单元界定、地下车库权属界定及转移、酒店拆零销售等。     

产权理论对企业年金管理的启示

企业年金基金资产属私人产权,具有可分割性;从企业年金基金自身的特点出发,结合我国的制度环境,我国企业年金产权制度应选择俱乐部产权,具体为信托型的运行模式。要实现企业年金的产权制度的目标,我国信托型企业年金的运行机制有待进一步优化。     

温州企业债务危机:强产权、弱制度研究

一个产权应该有一束制度围绕着它进行配置,且要一贯地执行下去,才能从最初的产权和制度两个事物融合为"产权制度"这一个事物。当制度的执行力不强时,就会形成强产权、弱制度的局面。温州企业债务危机表明了企业属性明确和发展权不被执行的强产权、弱制度格局。本文提出以下建议:提升"产权+制度"的认识高度;加强产权与制度的融合度;强化制度执行力。