Consumer Intentions to Buy Front-of-Pack Nutrition Labeled Food Products: The Moderating Effects of Personality Differences

Although the current literature suggests that consumers in general have a desire to eat healthy and also like to obtain nutrition information about food products, there still exists a gap in terms of understanding how consumers utilize nutrition information. Drawing on consumer psychology literature, we examine how self-efficacy, healthy eating intentions, and perceptions about a simple front-of-pack nutrition label affect purchase intentions, and how these effects may be moderated by two information-processing-related personality traits—need for cognition and propensity to self-reference. We find that consumers’ intention to purchase front-of-pack nutrition-labeled products is positively affected by self-efficacy and label perceptions but is not directly driven by a general interest in healthy eating. We also find significant moderating effects from both personality traits considered.     

消费者对转基因食品的认知态度和购买意愿

随着生物技术的发展,越来越多的转基因食品进入了人类的食物链,但消费者对其的态度却不尽相同,明确了解消费者对转基因食品的认知态度及购买意愿将有助于生产者及政府的决策。根据辽宁省十个城市消费者进行的问卷调查数据,深入研究了城市消费者对转基因食品的认知态度及购买意愿。     

Information and Knowledge as Antecedents of Consumer Attitudes and Intentions to Buy and Recommend Fair-Trade Products

The authors propose and empirically test a causal model to understand how the availability of fair-trade information and consumer knowledge about this issue affect consumers’ attitudes and intentions toward fair-trade products. The model is built upon the attitude-behavior paradigm and the premises of agency theory. It is tested through structural equation modeling with a sample of 292 Spanish consumers. The findings are that consumers do not have good knowledge about fair trade and that this is significantly determined by the lack of information about this in the market. It is also observed that consumers’ perceptions about the availability of fair-trade information have negative effects on their concern about this issue and that such information as is available is not effective in reducing consumer skepticism. The research represents an extension of previous fair-trade literature because the role of information and communication in improving consumer attitudes and buying intentions has rarely been explored in the case of ethical products.     

Consumers' Use of Recommended Food Buying Practices

Consumers' use of nine food-buying practices widely recommended by consumer educators was investigated. With the use of cluster analysis a typology with five categories was created: (1) Compleat Consumers who used most of the money-saving and planning practices frequently, (2) Almost Compleat Consumers who also used most of the practices but typically did not shop in several stores in order to economize, (3) Economy Specialists who utilized chiefly those practices useful in saving money, (4) Planning Specialists who emphasized planning-related practices, and (5) Disinterested Consumers who seldom utilized the recommended practices.     

Food Safety and Consumers' Willingness to Pay for Labelled Beef in Spain

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to assess the quality/safety value for beef consumers, measuring their willingness to pay a price premium for labelled beef. From a survey conducted among food shoppers within the household, consumers are segmented according to their safety perception of specific food products. For each segment, their willingness to pay for labelled beef is calculated. Finally, the main factors explaining such a decision are considered. The results indicate that food scares, the perception of a negative impact of agricultural production on the environment and health concerns are having a major impact on the food consumer purchasing decisions for beef. However, most consumers are not willing to pay a price premium for labelled beef.     

消费者绿色食品购买行为分析

绿色食品代表健康、优质的食品,越来越引起消费者的关注。本文运用合理行为理论,分析影响消费者绿色食品消费的主要因素。首先对成都市消费者绿色食品购买行为的实证调查进行描述性分析,然后运用Logistic模型,对影响消费者购买行为的因素进行回归分析。模型回归结果表明,消费者家庭是否有6周岁以下儿童和消费者对绿色食品的安全感知是决定消费者是否购买绿色食品的主要因素。     

Consumers' Assessment of the Food Safety Problem for Meals Prepared at Home and Reactions to Food Safety Labeling

Abstract

Public awareness and concern regarding foodborne illnesses have increased rapidly over the past decade. This increased concern may cause consumers to avoid certain stores, products or brands, particularly following a publicized incidence of foodborne illness or a large recall. Many firms have undertaken costly efforts to improve the safety of their products yet find communicating such improvements difficult because of potential alarmist responses by consumers to food safety issues. To identify if differences in food safety risks can be effectively and credibly communicated, we conducted eight focus groups. This article summarizes these focus groups and reports how consumers frame the issues surrounding the food safety problem and how consumers react to label-based communications of food safety characteristics. We find consumers have broad, moderate food safety concerns, a wide but spotty understanding of foodborne illness prevention and consequences, and a healthy skepticism concerning food safety claims. We identify two forms of labeling that show promise with regard to consumer acceptance and credibility in communicating brand-level and package-level differences in the risk of foodborne illness and discuss implications for consumer valuation of such differences.     

是盈余还是赤字:美国巨额贸易逆差探析

20世纪80年代以来,美国名义上的贸易逆差不断扩大,但其实际上的贸易逆差要小得多。因为:(1)大量在跨国公司母子公司内部发生的交易难以准确反映美国贸易状况;(2)传统的贸易统计方法扩大了贸易逆差;(3)电子商务、网络贸易的出现改变了贸易差额的内涵,通过缩小美国的出口数据扩大了贸易逆差。由此可见,对外贸易影响经济增长的因素是经济福利,而不是名义顺(逆)差;发展中国家应正确看待贸易差额,避免走入经济发展的误区。     

Determinants of Intra-GCC Food Trade

Using panel data for six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries from 1995–2014, we assess the impacts of several major economic variables on intra-GCC food exports, and on GCC food exports to the world. The GCC customs union had minimal impact on intra-GCC food exports, but occasioned a significant reduction in GCC food exports. Unlike GCC food exports, intra-GCC food exports occurred among countries with similar relative factor endowments, in agreement with the Linder Hypothesis. Rising incomes and exchange rates played significant roles in both intra-GCC food exports and GCC food exports, while distance has lost its once-dominant role.     

Consumers' Use of Nutritional Labels While Food Shopping and At Home

This study examines the impact of sociodemographic and nutrition/health related factors on consumers' use of nutritional labels while food shopping, at home, and when comparing nutrients for different brands of the same foods. The results generally suggest that unemployed individuals and those who place greater importance on nutrition while shopping and following the dietary guidelines are more likely to use nutritional labels while shopping, at home, or when comparing brands. Findings also indicate that education has a positive impact on the likelihood of using labels at home. The amount of time a consumer spends on shopping, primary source of nutritional information, special diet status, and consumer's perception of the importance of price and taste when shopping are also significant factors.     

Two-Stage Determinants of the Organic Food Retailing Landscape: The Case of Manhattan,New York

Retail sales of organic food products have been increasing faster than any other category of food and have penetrated mainstream retail grocery outlets. The majority of the literature on organic markets explores the socioeconomic characteristics of consumers, linking these traits to the probability of buying organic food, and it suggests that access to organic food is an important but overlooked factor in such studies. More recently, research focusing on food retailer marketing strategies for organic food finds that traditional strategies such as price promotions are largely unsuccessful with increasing sales for the organic food consumer. This article focuses on the retailer decision to offer organic food for sale. We model the decision as a two-stage process, where the retailer’s first decision is whether to sell organic food, and the second decision determines how many different organic products to offer for sale. In doing so, by using data collected in stores, we assess the organic food retail landscape in Manhattan, NY. We find that the decision to offer organic food for sale depends on the neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics, and the amount of organic food offered for sale depends on the size of the store.     

消费者对于安全认证食品信任的影响因素

目前,学术界关于消费者对安全认证食品信任的影响因素研究莫衷一是,但主要可以归结为3个方面,即以个体为基础的信任、以认知为基础的信任和以制度为基础的信任。本文主要从以上3个方面分析其对于消费者信任安全认证食品的影响,并提出提高消费者对于安全认证食品信任的几点建议。     

Affirmative Disclosure of Nutrition Information and Consumers' Food Preferences: A Review

In order to evaluate a food advertising regulation proposed by the FTC, this paper examines some empirical studies of food marketing practices and their influence on consumer attitudes and behavior toward nutrition information and dietary habits. The requirement for affirmative disclosure of nutrition information may fall short of its intended goal because consumers have low motivation to use such information and inadequate comprehension of it. Moreover, the limited information processing capacity of the average person may preclude effective communication of nutrition information in a television commercial. The regulation's most likely impact would be to create awareness of nutrition information and increase the salience of nutrition in the consumer's food choices. Unless consumer education programs are coordinated with the regulatory efforts, lack of motivation and comprehension in the use of nutrition information will be a major barrier in achieving any significant improvement in the nutrition status of consumers.     

消费者对绿色食品的购买与认知水平及其影响因素——基于北京市消费者调查的分析

本文根据北京市消费者关于“绿色”牛奶的消费调查,考察了消费者对绿色食品的认知水平,并分析了影响消费者认知的主要因素。结果表明,消费者虽然普遍关注食品安全问题,但是对绿色食品的认知程度较低;消费者的性别、教育程度、职业特征以及对绿色食品的信任程度,是影响消费者认知水平的主要因素。     

The Effects of Nutrition Label Comparison Baselines on Consumers' Food Choices

Recent legislative changes in the European Union have mandated nutrition labeling for the majority of pre‐packaged foods. This research compared effects of several nutrition labeling formats on consumers' food choices (i.e., the nutrition table, GDA 100 g/ml, and GDA portion). We primarily focused on whether nutrition label information was standardized to a fixed or varying comparison baseline. Fixed baselines (e.g., 100 g/ml) allow consumers to make direct, relative comparisons of products, while varying baselines (e.g., portion size) often require consumers to undertake complex mathematical calculations. Findings suggest that consumers' food choices are likely to be healthier when nutrition label information is presented on a fixed baseline. Gender was found to moderate these effects such that women made healthier choices—but only when the nutrition label baseline was fixed. Thus, the type of comparison baseline is an important characteristic of nutrition labels for public policymakers, public health officials, and academic researchers to consider.     

逐梦的善淘网：购买一件商品创造两种价值

发起于2011年的善淘网以中国第一家慈善商店的形象亮相,受到了媒体、企业、公众以及众多NGO组织的广泛关注。到如今,令众人极为关心的是,作为国内为数不多的社会企业之一,这个被大家看好的组织究竟运转得如何：在中国公益理念并不成熟、慈善消费方式并不普及的当下,这个企业近两年的时间里经历了哪些曲折和变化？彼时广受好评的商业模式——“慈善购物=公益筹款”形成了哪些值得借鉴和推广的经验？作为舶来品的慈善商店模式的中国式落地给社会带来了怎样的福音？     

Modeling and Promoting Organic Food Purchase

This study aims at enhancing organic food product (OFP) purchase by identifying customer segments based on their knowledge and attitude related to organic food along with their demographic profile. Two scales for measuring Knowledge and Attitude related to organic food were developed to measure their levels. The scales have covered six dimensions of organic food: Healthy, Eco-friendliness, Price, Availability, Certification, and Brand. After identifying the customer segments, each segment was further segmented based on their media consumption behavior. Hierarchical followed by K means cluster analysis resulted to six distinct segments with their corresponding subsegments. Cluster analysis was again performed for each customer segment, and a media selection method (MSM) was evolved to effectively communicate with OFP customers. These methods can guide marketers in devising an appropriate communication plan for enhancing OFP purchase.     

消费者对认证食品购买意愿影响因素的实证研究

首先构建了消费者对认证食品的消费行为理论模型,然后在对消费者进行问卷调查的基础上,探讨了消费者对检测与认证机构信任的维度,采用多元回归方法分析最终变量对认证食品购买意愿的影响。结果表明,消费者对检测与认证机构的信任能够提高对认证食品的购买意愿,增强消费者对检测与认证机构的信任应做好三方面工作:加强检测与认证机构的食品检测与监督能力并提高认证人员业务素质;加强对检测与认证机构的监督和提高检测与认证机构工作的诚信度;加强消费者食品质量安全宣传并重视检测与认证机构在食品质量安全方面的作用。     

The Relationship Between Consumers’ Tendencies to Buy Compulsively and Their Motivations to Shop and Buy on the Internet

This paper presents the results of a survey of customers of an Internet clothing retailer examining how consumers’ preferences to shop and buy on the Internet rather than at bricks-and-mortar stores differ depending on their compulsive buying tendencies. Using shopping motivations such as seeking product and information variety, the ability to buy unobserved, avoiding social interactions, and experiencing positive feelings during shopping and buying, we find a positive linear relationship between a tendency to buy compulsively and Internet shopping and buying motivations. The research demonstrates that the items used to measure these motivations can also be used to identify buyers who have a tendency to buy compulsively. The paper also offers important retailing, managerial and public policy implications of the findings.