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1.
Investment-specific technological change and growth accounting 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Nicholas Oulton 《Journal of Monetary Economics》2007,54(4):1290-1299
Greenwood et al. [1997. Long-run implications of investment-specific technological change. American Economic Review 87(3), 342-362; and 2000. The role of investment-specific technological change in the business cycle. European Economic Review 44, 91-115] and Hercowitz [1998. The ‘embodiment’ controversy: a review essay. Journal of Monetary Economics 41, 217-224] have claimed that the Jorgenson form of growth accounting is conceptually flawed and severely understates the importance of technological progress embodied in new capital goods for explaining growth. To the contrary, this paper shows that in its technology aspects their model is a special case of the Jorgensonian growth accounting model. What they call investment-specific technological change is shown to be closely related to the more familiar concept of total factor productivity (TFP) growth: statements about the one can be translated into statements about the other. Empirically, differences between their conclusions and those of growth accounting studies about the extent to which embodiment explains US economic growth are found to relate more to data than to methodology. 相似文献
2.
农村人力资本对农村经济增长贡献的实证分析 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
对于“人力资本对经济增长具有较大的促进作用”这一观点,国内外学术界已经达成了共识,但是对于“农村人力资本是否对农村产出具有重要贡献”还未形成一致意见。本文首先对农村人力资本现状进行了分析,之后以内生经济增长理论为基础,将人力资本变量引入C-D生产函数模型,运用Eviews软件对人力资本对农村经济增长的贡献进行了实证分析。发现人力资本对农村产出具有显著的正向作用,但贡献率较低,在对其原因进行剖析的基础上,得出了本文的结论并提出对策建议。 相似文献
3.
《Contaduría y Administración》2015,60(4):723-734
The most common reference framework which assigns a prominent role to education for strengthening welfare and economic growth is represented by the human capital model. However, the theoretical approach of signaling implies that a process of greater support for education may have its limitations when it comes to generating impacts on macroeconomic growth. The aim of this study was to investigate if the empirical evidence available in Mexico on levels of schooling and returns to education responds to a human capital model or a model of signaling. A macroeconomic and a microeconomic model error correction were used. The results show that for the case of Mexico available information favors a model of human capital. 相似文献
4.
Christopher Freeman 《Futures》1984,16(5):494-507
Professor Nicholas Onuf argued in the February 1984 issue of Futures that those participating in the revival of interest in long waves of economic activity had generally failed to relate their analyses to the debate on growth spawned by Limits to Growth. The challenge is taken up in this article, which relates the two debates in terms of the role of technology in long-term growth and cycles; changes in ‘technological paradigm’ are seen as a major feature of each successive growth cycle. The article finally discusses the effects of paradigm change on employment and investment, and confronts the central issue of Onuf's paper—the social and political effects of the micro-electronics revolution. 相似文献
5.
Banks argue that holding higher capital will have adverse implications on their lending activities and thereby on economic growth. Yet, the effect of a stronger capital base on economic growth remains largely unsettled. We argue that better capitalized banks improve financial stability conditions and, in dire times, they are able to sustain credit to the economy thereby containing adverse macroeconomic implications. Using various methods, we test for the presence and strength of a financial stability channel and a bank lending channel by drawing evidence from 47 advanced and developing countries over close to two decades. We find that higher capital ratios improve financial stability and help sustain bank lending, ultimately exerting a positive influence on economic activity. These effects on real GDP growth are economically significant, reaching up to 1¼ percentage points for each percentage point acceleration in capital. Our main results are robust to various sensitivity checks, supporting the conclusion that safer banking systems do not bridle economic activity. 相似文献
6.
智力资本对经济增长的贡献分析 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
李玲 《中央财经大学学报》2000,(3):11-16
随着知识经济时代的到来,作为人力资本重要组成部分的智力资本,在经济增长中发挥着越来越重要的作用。本文主要从理论和实证的角度对此进行了分析和阐述,并得出结论:一是要加大智力资本的投资力度;二是要提高智力资本投资的效益。 相似文献
7.
Motivated by four stylized facts about industry dynamics, we propose a theory of endowment-driven structural change by developing a tractable growth model with infinite industries. The aggregate economy in the model still follows the Kaldor facts, but the composition of the underlying industries changes endogenously over time. Each industry exhibits a hump-shaped life cycle: as capital reaches a certain threshold level, a new industry appears, prospers, and then declines, to be gradually replaced by a more capital-intensive industry, ad infinitum. Analytical solutions are obtained to characterize the life cycle of each industry and the perpetual structural change. 相似文献
8.
Capital requirements play a key role in the supervision and regulation of banks. The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision is in the process of changing the current framework by introducing risk sensitive capital charges. Some fear that this will unduly increase the volatility of regulatory capital. Furthermore, by limiting the banks’ ability to lend, capital requirements may exacerbate an economic downturn. The paper examines the problem of capital-induced lending cycles and their pro-cyclical effect on the macroeconomy in greater detail. It finds that the capital buffer that banks hold on top of the required minimum capital plays a crucial role in mitigating the impact of the volatility of capital requirements. 相似文献
9.
The last decade has seen an explosion of research on economic growth. Based on a selective review of this literature and the recent book on Economic Growth by Robert Barro and Xavier Sala-i-Martin, we see four main challenges for future research. First, to more tightly link theory and evidence. We think a good way of achieving this would be to follow the methodology common in the business cycle literature of simulating models to compare their predictions to the data. Second, to develop new ways to empirically distinguish between competing theories of endogenous growth. Third, to develop more theories of international productivity differences. Finally, to collect detailed country data bearing on the process of technology diffusion. 相似文献
10.
激活民间资本促进经济发展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
胡岳岷 《中央财经大学学报》2004,(5):61-65
改革开放以来,我们投资运行的实践证明,民间资本已成为中国经济增量的主力军、经济结构调整的生力军、吸纳就业的主渠道、城市化进程的加速器、国有企业深化改革的重要依托.然而,由于我国现行金融体制和投融资体制的因素,民间资本投资的扩大仍然受到很大限制,发展民营银行,发展混合所有制经济,鼓励民间资本以BOT形式进入基础设施建设,适度减税营造全民创业环境,进一步完善保护私人财产的法律制度,是为民间资本投资构筑更大舞台、促进经济发展的重大举措.让更多的中国人成为有产者,对中国的经济发展意义十分重大. 相似文献
11.
资本监管是银行业实施宏观审慎监管的核心内容,而银行资本在维持稳健经营和承担风险方面发挥着重要的作用。银行信贷构成了实体投资的主要来源,银行信贷规模变动带来的负面影响可能会造成经济的波动,侵害宏观经济增长。对我国银行业2003~2012年的情况进行的实证研究表明:监管压力增大会导致资本不足,银行信贷规模减少,当期监管压力值对当期信贷规模的作用比滞后一期监管压力值对当期信贷规模的作用更大一些。信贷规模对 GDP 的冲击效应是正向的。银行业资本监管压力对经济增长有一定的负面影响,但这种效应一般持续8个季度,这种负面影响在经济衰退时期表现得更为显著。 相似文献
12.
《Macroeconomics and Finance in Emerging Market Economies》2013,6(1):166-176
For a number of years, the bulk of Chinese outward foreign direct investment was found in countries with lower technological development and minimal management capabilities. Recent research and preliminary data have shown a swift shift in outward foreign direct investment allocation by Chinese multinational enterprises to OECD countries. We argue that the main reasons for this shift are: location strategy, firm-specific resources, new government policy, and socio-cultural milieu. This paper examines the factors which influence Chinese manufacturers' decisions to invest in OECD countries. We integrate the resource-based view, institutional view, and economic view to explain the propensity of Chinese manufacturing firm investment. We contribute to Chinese investment decision and foreign direct investment location theory by incorporating these three views. 相似文献
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14.
基于智力资本视角的科技型大学衍生公司特征研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在构建“创新型国家”的进程中,科技型大学衍生公司在这一进程中的地位和作用毋庸置疑。科技型大学衍生公司特征分析是探讨大学衍生公司价值形成机理的核心和基础;在科技型大学衍生公司特征研究的基础上,理清智力资本的各个维度对科技型大学衍生公司价值形成的影响机理是未来研究科技型大学衍生公司的主要方向。 相似文献
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16.
促进经济结构调整的财税政策研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目前,我国经济结构存在的问题主要表现在投资、消费和出口不平衡,三次产业及子产业结构不合理,收入分配结构不合理等。这些结构性问题互为因果,相互交织在一起。本文认为,短期内解决结构性问题的重要思路应当是调整收入分配、促进产业结构升级,充分发挥财税政策工具对解决上述问题的作用。 相似文献
17.
运用税收政策 提升消费需求 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文认为,刺激经济扩大内需的关键是刺激国内消费,为此,需进一步理顺税收政策,纠正以投资为重心的做法。一方面,在税率和转移支付上做文章,发挥税收对消费的直接效应;另一方面,运用税收调节国民收入和边际消费倾向,间接拉动消费。双管齐下,真正拉动消费。 相似文献
18.
信息技术产业对经济增长影响的实证研究 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18
孙宝文 《中央财经大学学报》2002,(6):76-80
本文首先对信息技术产业进行了范围界定 ,测算了信息技术产业在 1990 - 2 0 0 0年的产业增加值 ;在用产业贡献率估计了信息技术产业对GDP的短期影响后 ,通过估计附加了信息化指数的柯布 -道格拉斯生产函数来估计信息技术产业的长期影响 相似文献
19.
教育的落后是导致贫困的一个极为重要的因素。从世界范围来看,降低贫困率的主要原因来自经济增长,而经济增长源于人力资本和物质资本的积累,两种资本的积累又主要取决于技术水平的高低,而这最终归因于教育水平的提高。本文考察了教育对经济增长影响的宏观和微观机制,并对低、中、高收入国家进行了实证比较分析。对于发展中国家特别是贫困地区来说,增加教育投入,提高教育水平是降低贫困的重要战略。 相似文献
20.
关于税收增长影响因素的实证分析——统计学中的指数体系方法在税收分析领域的一个应用案例 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文结合税收工作实际,对统计学中的指数体系分析法在税收分析领域的具体应用方法进行了修正,对有关指标和数据口径进行了调整,就物价因素、实际经济增长因素和以税收征管为主的"其他因素"对税收增长影响的绝对值和相对值进行了实证分析,得出了一系列重要结论。 相似文献