加快我国个人征信业发展的思考

在西方，个人银行业务是商业银行最主要的利润来源。而我国目前个人银行业务的发展正面临着“信用缺失的瓶颈”制约，个人征信制度的建立是其发展的突破口.但我国目前发展个人征信业却受到信用法规不完善、市场化运作机制不健全和统一的个人信用评估体系未建立等因素的制约?个人征信业的发展必须从加速征信立法、建立管理机构和完善运作机制等方面着手.     

加快个人征信业发展的思考

个人银行业务是商业银行重要的利润来源，而我国目前个人银行业务的发展正面临着“信用缺失”的制约。建立和完善个人征信制度，推动我国个人银行业务的发展，已成为银行业的现实课题。     

加快建立和完善我国个人征信体系的思考

由于国内个人征信体系建设起步较晚,我国个人信贷业务的发展面临着信息不对称、信用缺失等瓶颈的制约。个人征信制度的建立和完善是发展个人信贷业务的突破口,我国必须加速征信立法,加强政府监管,完善运作机制并实现信息共享。     

美国个人征信业的监管经验及启示

美国是社会信用体系市场化运作的典型国家,借鉴美国个人征信业的监管经验,对于规范我国民营征信机构的市场化运行、完善我国征信业相关法律体系、保护公民隐私等具有重要意义.我国可通过多举措合理引导民营征信业发展、完善征信业法律体系、加强监管力度、发挥行业协会的作用等方式来促进个人征信业的良性发展.     

对加快构建我国个人征信体系的若干思考

个人信用制度的建立和完善需要社会信用服务体系的不断健全,个人征信体系是社会信用服务体系的重要组成部分.尽快建立覆盖全国的个人征信体系,探索适合我国国情的运作模式,不仅可以有效防范信贷风险,而且还可以约束个人信用行为,切实改善社会信用环境.按照十六届三中全会提出"建立企业和个人信用服务体系的方向是完善法规、特许经营、商业运作、专业服务"的总体要求,建立个人征信基础数据库,完善科学化、规范化、法制化的运作机制,探索高效、公正和适合国情的运行模式,加快推进我国个人征信体系建设.     

美国征信服务公司发展对我国个人征信业的启示

导致我国个人银行业务发展滞后的主要原因,是个人信贷征信业不成熟带来的"信用缺失"瓶颈.个人信贷征信业的欠发达导致"银行一居民"的信息不对称.对于消费信贷申请者个人收入水平、财产数量、负债状况以及过去有无信用不良记录等个人信用信息,银行不易全面获知;或者即使通过专人调查研究能够获知,但是信息搜寻成本却十分高昂,反而得不偿失.     

发展我国个人征信业的思考

当前我国个人征信业发展已初具规模,初步形成了以人民银行个人征信系统为主,民营征信机构及其他专业个人征信机构为补充的多元化的个人征信体系。发展个人征信业是完善我国社会信用信息管理体系、改善社会信用环境的迫切要求,应积极推动和规范,并加强专业人才队伍建设。     

我国征信业发展存在的法律障碍及对策

目前我国征信业的发展存在监管主体的权力与义务不明确、信用信息共享机制未建立、征信市场主体无法律定位、失信惩戒机制缺乏、征信范围法律界定不严等法律障碍。我国亟待加强征信立法,从法律上完善监督管理机制、信用信息征集机制、征信机构运行机制、信息共享机制、失信惩戒机制,为征信业的发展提供法律保障。     

大数据时代我国个人征信面临的机遇与挑战

随着2015年8张互联网个人征信公司牌照的申报验收,我国的个人征信业务正式迈入大数据征信的新阶段。本文详细分析了大数据征信时代我国个人征信行业面临的数据来源广泛、市场发展多元化和产品应用场景多样的发展机遇,同时也面临着信用主体权益的保护、信用评价的准确性及信用机构的准入与评价等方面的挑战,并对个人征信业务今后在我国的发展提出推动征信标准化建设、建立征信机构评价标准及完善征信法律制度建设等方面的政策建议。     

个人信息权益保护的国际经验与启示

我国个人信用信息基础数据库建设和运行以来,个人征信业正逐步成长壮大。由于征信法律制度的不完善,信用侵权行为时有发生。我国在促进征信业发展中,应充分借鉴国际经验,注重个人信息主体征信权益的保护。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

金融企业员工考核系统的设计

一、概述 为配合公司人事考核制度的贯彻执行,保证该制度执行过程中各项工作能够长期、高效、准确地完成,我们开发了公司员工考核系统,实现了人事考核工作中员工投票、考核统计、考核信息分析、报表生成等功能,减少了人事部门人员的手工操作,提高了考核工作的自动化程度.     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

纳税申报法律制度的弊端分析及完善建议

纳税申报是税收民主的一种具体体现形式,基于此,世界各国普遍建立了纳税申报法律制度。我国的纳税申报法律制度也已经有20年的历史,其间经过多次修改和完善,也曾极大地促进了税收法制与税收民主的进程。但从总体来看,我国现行的纳税申报法律制度依然存在相当多的问题,不仅与税收征管改革不配套,还存在侵害纳税人权益的问题。因此,有必要修改相关法律法规,以完善我国的纳税申报法律制度。