商业银行消费信贷业务的风险管理研究

近年来,我国商业银行广泛地开展了消费信贷业务,各家商业银行对业务进行结构调整,使得消费信贷业务的发展在商业银行贷款业务中占得比重越来越大,银行利润不断升高.但是,商业银行消费信贷的风险也日渐凸显出来,逐渐威胁到了这项业务在商业银行的继续开展.而且我国商业银行开展消费信贷业务时间并不长,对消费信贷的风险性认识并不强,在面对风险时缺少有针对性的措施来控制风险.通过对国外发展经验的介绍,结合国内现状对我国商业银行消费信贷业务的风险进行了分析,同时为提高我国商业银行消费信贷业务的水平,增强商业银行竞争力而提出一些建设性建议.     

信用卡业务的现状与管理研究

信用交易是市场化的必然产物,而信用卡作为信用交易的载体,是现代货币体系的重要组成部分。它为我们提供了一种新的消费模式,同时也为我们的生活带来了很大的便利,因此有越来越多的人们开始使用信用卡,信用卡也逐渐成为了人们生活不可缺少的一部分。这就必然会使银行的信用卡业务得到快速的发展。于是,信用卡业务成为银行占取市场份额,获得盈利的重要业务。但是由于信用卡具有消费信贷功能,其风险成因复杂,防范难度高,这项业务也同时会给银行带来很大的潜在风险。本文从信用卡业务的现状入手,站在商业银行的角度,分别对信用卡的各种风险以及管理进行分析研究,对商业银行的信用卡业务的风险管理具有一定的启示作用。     

信用卡业务的现状与管理研究

信用交易是市场化的必然产物,而信用卡作为信用交易的载体,是现代货币体系的重要组成部分。它为我们提供了一种新的消费模式,同时也为我们的生活带来了很大的便利,因此有越来越多的人们开始使用信用卡,信用卡也逐渐成为了人们生活不可缺少的一部分。这就必然会使银行的信用卡业务得到快速的发展。于是,信用卡业务成为银行占取市场份额,获得盈利的重要业务。但是由于信用卡具有消费信贷功能,其风险成因复杂,防范难度高,这项业务也同时会给银行带来很大的潜在风险。本文从信用卡业务的现状入手,站在商业银行的角度,分别对信用卡的各种风险以及管理进行分析研究,对商业银行的信用卡业务的风险管理具有一定的启示作用。     

论信用卡业务的风险控制

近几年来，随着我国银行卡业务的发展，不少商业银行陆续推出了先透支后还款的真正信用卡——贷记卡，这种具有消费信贷功能的信用卡要比过去银行发行的先存款后消费的信用卡风险大得多。因此，本文就贷记卡的风险控制谈点初浅看法。     

我国商业银行信用卡风险管理研究

目前我国对信用卡业务的风险控制水平仍处于初级阶段,开展信用卡业务的风险管理研究,对于降低商业银行在信用卡的发行与拓展过程中产生的风险,确保信用卡业务在我国长期健康地发展有重要的作用.本文从信用卡业务的风险分类入手,着重分析了产生信用卡风险的原因,在此基础上对我国商业银行信用卡风险管理提出了对策.     

美国商业银行风险控制的做法及对我国商业银行开展消费信贷业务的借鉴

消费信贷是美国商业银行一项较为成熟的业务.政府的大力支持、健全的法律体系、完备的信用体系等,有力地支持了该业务的发展.同时,各家商业银行普遍应用"个人信用风险评分模型"和"消费信贷电脑审批系统",强调风险审核与风险组合控制,以风险最优化为管理目标,实现消费信贷的精细化管理,有针对性地防范各类风险,等等,这些风险管理措施,有效地促进了消费信贷业务的健康发展,对于我国商业银行开展消费信贷业务具有很好的借鉴意义.     

厉兵秣马占先机——谈发展信用卡消费信贷的紧迫性及建议

我国加入WTO后,金融业面临着新的冲击和挑战,信用卡消费信贷因其广阔的发展前景,极有可能成为外资银行争夺的焦点。因此,我国商业银行必须高度重视信用卡消费信贷的紧迫性和重要性,对信用卡业务的发展进行重新的市场定位,真正将开拓信用卡的信用销售和个人信贷功能纳入新的发展战略。     

浅谈我国商业银行消费信贷业务发展现状及对策

随着我国居民消费观念的改变,消费信贷业务正处于高速发展期,住房信贷、汽车信贷等业务获得迅速发展.但是由于我国信用状况的不透明,信用制度的不完善,信用风险的难测性,银行对于消费信贷没有表现出应有的积极性,严重阻碍了消费信贷的发展.本文通过研究我国商业银行消费信贷业务开展现状,分析了消费信贷业务发展中存在的问题以及消费信贷风险成因,提出了商业银行评价、监测和管理消费信贷风险的对策和方法.     

我国商业银行个人信用评估问题的思考

信用风险是商业银行从事个人信用业务(消费信贷、信用卡等)所面临的最重要的风险,建立一套科学完善的个人信用评估体系是商业银行发展个人金融业务、降低信用风险的必由之路。本文介绍了个人信用评估的内涵及发展历史,在分析中国个人信用评估的现状和不足的基础上,有针对性地提出了相应的建议。     

汽车消费信贷业务发展的问题及建议

汽车消费信贷业务存在的问题是: 　　1.汽车消费信贷发展过分依赖保险业务.由于目前国内尚未建立个人信用管理体系,银行不得不通过保险来转嫁汽车消费信贷业务风险.所以,保险公司在当前的信贷风险防范中扮演着重要角色.商业银行正是由于有了履约保证保险才放开手脚积极介入了汽车消费信贷业务市场.但是,由于高赔付率的压力,保险公司不得不暂时退出了汽车消费信贷市场,使商业银行在风险控制方面产生了动摇,直接导致汽车消费信贷业务的停滞状态.……     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…     

银行管理信息平台建设发展的思考

一、目前国内银行IT发展现状及面临的问题 银行数据集中工作的完成,标志着银行的业务由电子化建设阶段转入信息化建设阶段.一方面银行数据的集中提供了丰富全面的基础数据,面对日益庞大的数据源,如何将数字转化为对银行有用的信息,并从中发现知识,为银行的经营决策提供支持,是摆在银行IT人员面前的一个亟待解决的问题.另一方面用户对银行信息的需求日益增长,如果银行没有一套完整、实用的信息管理系统,将对业务发展非常不利.南京爱立信公司倒戈花旗银行事件曾经轰动一时,其中一个重要原因就是中国本地银行不能满足爱立信全球总部对南京爱立信公司的要求:每周财务上报和每天贷款限额管理.这一事件为中国商业银行的未来发展敲响了警钟,如果不加快管理信息系统的开发,迅速提升业务管理水平,类似的事件还会接连不断地发生,并最终导致国内商业银行在同国外商业银行的竞争中全面溃败.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.