中小企业信用担保研究综述

本文回顾和梳理了中小企业信用担保研究所取得的主要成果，力求为国内相关研究提供一般性的理论基础和开启更广阔的思路。我国应抓住中小企业信用担保机构刚起步的时机，科学设计我国中小企业信用担保机构未来的发展方向，为信用担保业顺利发展奠定基础。     

中小企业融资担保体系的比较借鉴与政策思考

本文基于中小企业融资担保体系国外先进经验与国内先进模式的比较，通过对龙岩市信用担保机构的调研,提出积极借鉴先进经验，大力发展信用担保机构，缓解中小企业融资困境的政策建议。     

中小企业信用担保体系调查——基于玉田县信用担保机构的调查

近年来中小企业信用担保机构得到了长足发展,有效缓解了县域中小企业融资难的问题.本文通过对辖区中小企业信用担保机构的深入调查,剖析了信用担保体系建设过程中存在的问题,提出了完善信用担保体系的相关建议.     

道德风险与信用担保:博弈论视角的分析

在信息不对称前提下，中小企业融资的主要阻碍之一就是极其严重的道德风险问题。在信用担保机构的介入下，部分地解决了中小企业的融资难问题，但信用担保机构也将会面临中小企业的道德风险问题。信用担保机构可以通过设立负激励机制来对出现道德风险的中小企业处以重罚，增加其违约成本，使其违约行为无利可图，甚至得不偿失；也可以采用正激励机制，来引导中小企业进行符合信用担保机构期望的投资。     

中小企业信用担保机构风险管理机制缺陷及矫正

国内中小企业信用担保机构在风险的内部控制、风险的转移和分散等机制方面存在重要缺陷,影响到信用担保机构自身的存续和发展以及对中小企业的融资。深入分析其原因,担保机构风险管理机制方面的问题恰恰反映了当前国内法律监管、社会信用环境等各方面存在不足。在后续发展过程中,要注意健全法律和监管体系、完善社会信用环境、加大政府的资金扶持力度、加强担保机构的内控和管理等,更好地发挥其征信和财务杠杆作用,提高中小企业融资效率。     

对我国中小企业信用担保体系的思考

近几年，各种形式的中小企业信用担保机构纷纷成立，各级政府在扶植中小企业信用担保机构方面多是采用政策扶持、导向为主，直接参与中小企业信用担保公司经营活动较少。中小企业信用担保机构与中小企业一样，也存在一个自身如何生存、发展的问题。     

中小企业信用担保中的问题与对策

发展信用担保是解决担保难、贷款难、融资难问题的重要途径,信用担保的价值源于为信用不足的企业提供增信服务,而信用不足正是中小企业的普遍特征,因而,信用担保对于中小企业的融资尤为重要。一、山西省中小企业信用担保运转的状况山西中小企业信用担保公司目前主要是以直接信用担保业务为主,尝试开展了相关非融资性信用担保业务,"以省级担保机构为龙头,以市级担保机构为骨干,以县级担保机构     

信用担保机构信用风险模型探析

本文通过对信用担保机构信用风险特性和四大现代信用风险度量模型的全面分析和探讨,结合我国信用担保机构进行信用风险度量时存在的主要障碍,提出了我国信用担保机构信用风险度量模型的选择原则和发展思路。     

我国中小企业信用担保风险管理浅析

中小企业信用担保行业是国际公认的高风险行业。因此,对风险的有效管理对于信用担保机构的正常运作十分关键。本文在分析我国中小企业信用担保风险来源的基础上,结合国外风险防范经验,对我国信用担保行业的风险管理提出了相关建议,以期促进中小企业信用担保行业的健康发展。     

我国中小企业信用担保风险管理浅析

中小企业信用担保行业是国际公认的高风险行业。因此,对风险的有效管理对于信用担保机构的正常运作十分关键。本文在分析我国中小企业信用担保风险来源的基础上,结合国外风险防范经验,对我国信用担保行业的风险管理提出了相关建议,以期促进中小企业信用担保行业的健康发展。     

Debt and Taxes and Uncertainty

With a graduated personal tax schedule, Miller showed that there could be an equilibrium debt supply for the corporate sector as a whole. In the presence of uncertainty there is also a unique debt/equity ratio for each individual firm, and this ratio is related to the firm's operational risk characteristics. However, if firms merge and spin off in response to tax incentives, the identity of firms is ambiguous and only the corporate sector is a meaningful construct. These arguments are developed in both discrete and continuous models that employ extensions of the arbitrage-free pricing theory.     

教育与资本怎样的前景怎样的现实

来自政府的声音: "动员各种社会资源,发展教育" 此次论坛上财政部长助理张少春的发言是最受关注的发言之一.他的演讲传达出的信息有这样几方面:第一,谈到现实,他认为全社会对教育的巨大需求与我国公共投入不足已成为我国教育事业发展的突出矛盾.近年来,以公共部门投入为主,多渠道筹措教育经费的教育投入机制成为解决这一问题的重要途径,也使得公共部门与私营部门在教育领域的合作日益密切.第二,谈到前景,他认为,1.中国经济持续、快速的增长对高技能人才产生巨大的需求,这为私营部门的参与提供了广阔空间.2.随着公共财政职能的不断完善,财政资金将在各项教育事业中重新进行分配,进一步优化财政支出结构,提高资金的使用效率.在"十一五"期间,我国将把公共支出的重点转移到农村.我们将逐步把全体农村适龄儿童的义务教育全部纳入公共财政体制.     

Director gender and mergers and acquisitions

Does director gender influence CEO empire building? Does it affect the bid premium paid for target firms? Less overconfident female directors less overestimate merger gains. As a result, firms with female directors are less likely to make acquisitions and if they do, pay lower bid premia. Using acquisition bids by S&P 1500 companies during 1997–2009 we find that each additional female director is associated with 7.6% fewer bids, and each additional female director on a bidder board reduces the bid premium paid by 15.4%. Our findings support the notion that female directors help create shareholder value through their influence on acquisition decisions. We also discuss other possible interpretations of our findings.     

Political corruption and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between political corruption and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that local corruption increases firm acquisitiveness but decreases firm targetiveness. The levels of corruption in acquirer areas relate positively to the bid premiums and negatively to the likelihood of deal completion. Corruption motivates acquiring firms to use excess cash for payment, which mitigates the negative effect of corruption on acquirer shareholder value. The evidence indicates that acquisitions help acquiring firms convert cash into hard-to-extract assets and relocate assets from the high to low corruption areas, thereby shielding their liquid assets from expropriation by local officials.     

East and west and north and south : A preliminary model

The Brandt report and other proposals for a new North-South world order continue to be the focus of lively debate, yet it is often argued that little concrete has emerged from their recommendations. A major reason for this, the author argues, is that the East-West conflict component is not sufficiently taken into consideration-East-West tensions are a severe constraint on and a determining factor of North-South relations. Using influence diagrams, the author develops a flexible framework for discussion and assessment of N/S-E/W relations.     

Trust and cross-border mergers and acquisitions

A number of studies suggest that social trust matters for investment. Using different measures of trust from World Values Survey, we show that countries where people display higher levels of trust engage in more cross-border M&A activities. When they do, these acquirers pay lower premiums. To the extent that these acquirers also tend to engage in larger acquisitions as well, our findings suggest that a larger selection pool of potential targets and higher value targets enable these acquirers to negotiate for lower premiums. We do not find evidence of the significant effect for target country trust levels. Hence, trust may benefit those acquiring firms in cross-border transactions.     

Tournament-based incentives and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between tournament-based incentives, which are proxied by the difference between a firm's CEO pay and the median pay of the senior managers, and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that tournament-based incentives are positively related to firm acquisitiveness and acquiring firms' stock and operating performance. Further analysis indicates that positive acquisition performance increases the likelihood of the CEO being promoted from inside the acquiring firm. Our evidence is consistent with the view that tournament-based incentives motivate acquiring firms' managers to make greater efforts and take more risk that result in superior acquisition performance.     

Corporate Innovations and Mergers and Acquisitions

Using a large and unique patent‐merger data set over the period 1984 to 2006, we show that companies with large patent portfolios and low R&D expenses are acquirers, while companies with high R&D expenses and slow growth in patent output are targets. Further, technological overlap between firm pairs has a positive effect on transaction incidence, and this effect is reduced for firm pairs that overlap in product markets. We also show that acquirers with prior technological linkage to their target firms produce more patents afterwards. We conclude that synergies obtained from combining innovation capabilities are important drivers of acquisitions.