构筑税收征管新平台

新征管模式的运行与旧征管平台的矛盾日益突出，加重了征纳双方的成本支出，制约了征管改革的进一步深入，影响了新征管模式优势的发挥。因此构筑面向21世纪的新征管平台。发挥税收信息化管理的综合效益已成当务之急。     

中美税收信用的比较与借鉴

税收信用是建立在税收法律关系中,表现和反映征纳双方相互之间信任程度的标的,它是在一个行为规范、诚实而合作的税收征纳群体中产生,既促进税收征纳双方共同遵守规则,改善征纳关系,也能在潜移默化中提高征纳主体成员的素质,在相互信任中转化成合作关系。税收信用按照守信主体来划分,可分为税务机关的征税信用、政府的税款使用信用、纳税人的纳税信用和税收中介信用四种基本形式。     

适应新形势进一步深化税收征管改革

适应新形势进一步深化税收征管改革一、十五大以后的新形势给深化税收征管改革提出了新课题第一，市场经济体制的建立，使原有的经济结构发生了根本性的变化，促进了城乡经济的发展。江泽民总书记在十五大报告中提出，“公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展，是我国社会...     

充分利用税收优惠政策--浅谈中小企业增值税税收筹划

税收筹划,又称节税,或合理避税。它是指纳税人在税收法律许可范围内,当存在多种纳税方案可供选择时,通过一系列科学、合理的事前选择和策划以达到税收负担最小和税收利益最大的目的。税收筹划为国家所认可,符合国家政策导向,而不是利用税收漏洞进行非法的获利行为。税收筹划的主要内容包括筹划     

信用的经济价值分析

一、信用的两层经济含义 信用大体有两个方面的经济含义。一是借助于信用手段,而发展起来的信用交易方式。信用的进一步发展使它由交易的实现手段异化为交易目的本身。这个时候,产生了作为商品存在的信     

对构建税收信用体系的几点思考

信用是最根本的社会关系。是整个社会赖以生存和发展的基础。不讲信用，社会就难以维系。在新的形势下。呼唤和倡导诚信已成为时代主流。构建包括税收信用在内的社会信用秩序是当务之急。为此，本文试就现阶段如何构建税收信用体系谈几点看法。     

税收信用体系之构建

税收信用是社会信用的重要组成部分。目前,我国整个税收领域信用缺失较为严重,不论是征税人、纳税人还是用税人,都存在着一定程度的不诚信。这不仅造成了国家税款的流失,也打乱了税收秩序和市场经济秩序。因此在新的形势——人们呼吁加强社会综合治理,共建一个和谐、有序的税收信用体系。     

税收与银行信贷行为

为了考察税收对银行行为的影响,我们假设商业银行以利润最大化为经营目标。在现行利率管制的条件下,商业银行的选择变量就是其存贷款量。研究结果表明,营业税的开征会影响商业银行最优贷款发放量,对银行信贷行为具有扭曲作用;而所得税对最优存贷款量没有影响。因此,与营业税相比,所得税具有中性税收的优点。     

论国际税收竞争与中国税法之完善

国际税收竞争导致全球所得税税率不断攀低,这为跨国公司国际避税创造了条件,同时减少了国家的财政收入。我国应进一步完善税法,在吸引外资和提供税收优惠、让渡税收利益中寻找平衡点,既要有利于本国经济发展,又应避免对他国税基造成不当侵害。     

资源税在中国矿业税费金制度中的功能定位

与矿业活动有关的各项赋税方案的一揽子财政制度的总和构成了矿业税费金制度,是国家管理、调控、干预矿产资源开发利用的重要手段.资源税是以各种应税自然资源为课税对象、为了调节资源级差收入并体现国有资源有偿使用而征收的税种.资源税在中国矿业税费金制度中应当具备主导功能、杠杆功能、调控功能.但是,资源税与矿产资源补偿费性质歧义容易导致税费重复征收、资源税税率偏低难以客观体现级差地租、资源税课税范围过窄造成非应税资源被掠夺式开发、经济全球化对资源税征收提出新要求等问题,影响了资源税功能的发挥.在分析中国矿业税费金制度、尤其是资源税所面临的主要问题的基础上,提出了资源税在中国矿业税费金制度中功能定位的政策建议.     

最优税收理论与我国税制改革

在对最优税收理论进行系统研究的基础上,将最优税收理论与我国的实际相结合,提出了优化我国税制改革的建议,力图设计出一套比较符合国情的最优税制,从而更好地促进我国的经济发展。     

Taxation and Tournaments

This paper analyzes the effects of progressive taxes on labor supply and income distribution in the context of the rank‐order tournament model originally developed by Lazear and Rosen (1981). We show conditions under which a more progressive tax schedule will cause so large general equilibrium effects that the inequality in disposable income will actually increase. We also show that a non‐zero redistributive tax is always optimal if society's welfare function displays inequality aversion; this result always holds, regardless of behavioral responses and general equilibrium effects.     

Taxation without commitment

This paper considers a Ramsey model of linear capital and labor income taxation in which a benevolent government cannot commit ex-ante to a sequence of policies for the future. In this setup, if the government is forced to keep budget balance in every period, then it may not be able to sustain zero capital taxes in the long run, as shown in Benhabib and Rustichini (J Econ Theory 77:231–259, 1997) and Phelan and Stachetti (Econometrica 69:1491–1518, 2001). However, (Dominguez in J Econ Theory 135:159–170, 2007) shows that if the government is allowed to borrow and lend to households, the optimal capital income tax still converges to zero in the long run, as long as the value of defaulting is independent of the level of government debt. This paper provides a game theoretic setup with government debt where the value of the worst equilibrium only depends on the initial level of capital and can be determined in advance. This implies that under our assumptions the best sustainable equilibrium has zero capital taxes in the long run, even in the absence of government commitment.     

Neutral Property Taxation

A major difficulty in implementing land/site value taxation is imputing the land value of built‐on sites. The literature has focused on two alternatives. The first, residual site value, measures postdevelopment site value as property value less structure value, with structure value measured as depreciated construction costs. Residual site value would be relatively easy to estimate, but a residual site value tax system, which taxes land value before development and residual site value after development at the same rate is distortionary, discouraging density. The second, raw site value, measures postdevelopment site value as “what the land would be worth were there no building on the site (though in fact there is).” Raw site value taxation is neutral (does not distort the timing and density of development), but the estimation of postdevelopment raw site value would be complex so that assessment would likely be less fair and more arbitrary, contentious, and prone to abuse. This paper asks the question: Is it not possible to design a property tax system (taxation of predevelopment land value, postdevelopment structure value, and postdevelopment site value at possibly different rates) that employs the administratively simpler residual definition of postdevelopment site value and achieves neutrality? Under restrictive assumptions and subject to an important qualification, the paper provides an affirmative answer, and characterizes the tax rates that achieve neutrality. It also briefly discusses issues of practical implementation.     

论税收依据

以往评鉴税收依据的学说都存在一定缺陷。应从考察组织存在的必要性和国家起源入手，建立以国家类型、国家与公民关系和不同的观察视角为要素的分析框架。探究税收产生和存在的原因乃因为它是社会组织弥补运行费用的交易成本最低的方式，是国家作为社会组织的最高形态运行的内在经济逻辑要求。