南京熙南里历史文化街区体验价值增值路径分析

游客体验及其体验价值是历史文化街区旅游开发研究的重要内容之一。以小红书App分享的熙南里历史文化街区照片为研究数据，采用质性研究方法提取照片隐含的价值要素，并基于凝视心理活动分析框架构建游客体验价值的增值路径。研究表明：（1）熙南里历史文化街区的体验价值体现在功能价值、享乐价值和符号价值3个层级；（2）历史文化街区可以通过游览体验和视觉选择两条路径实现享乐价值和符号价值的增值，进而间接提升其功能价值；（3）节庆活动、文化演艺活动和娱乐体验活动的参与程度与享乐价值直接相关，符号价值则主要通过打卡和探店等行为提升社会声望价值，游客视觉选择的网红符号形象强于历史文化符号。基于此，研究从功能价值、享乐价值和符号价值三方面为历史文化街区提出具有普适性的提升策略。     

双向四轮驱动,全面推进旅游节事发展

中国是一个节事大国,大到世界顶级的奥运会、世博会等,小到一个乡镇、一个村的西瓜节、葡萄节.节事活动在旅游业中作用越来越大,旅游节事从其源头应该分成两类——本土节事和舶来节事.本土节事是本地本民族形成的节事活动,舶来节事是从外地外国引进的节事活动,本土节事是旅游地主办者要挖掘的,在旅游开发中地位非常重要.但是不可否认,随着民族交流和地域交往的增加,很多城市也会通过举办舶来节事活动发展旅游业.无论从文化的角度,还是从产业的角度,都要对节事的本土化和国际化加以全面考虑.     

具身视角下沉浸式旅游演艺体验质量评价研究

近年来沉浸式旅游演艺发展势如燎原,相关学术研究却较为滞后,与现实发展不相匹配。除此之外,以互动性和参与性为特点的沉浸式旅游演艺,其具身性是影响游客在地体验的最重要因素,它的具体维度也需进一步探究。因此,本研究以具身理论为指导,通过游客身体、感知和情境因素构建沉浸式旅游演艺体验质量评价;以网络评价为分析文本,利用内容分析法和IPA分析法,对沉浸式旅游演艺进行综合评价。研究发现：游客对旅游体验质量较为满意;游客对具身参与和体验情境维度的评价较好,而对产品感知和服务感知的评价处于一般水平;IPA分析结果显示演艺内容要素处于重点改进区。本研究拓展了旅游体验质量的研究视角,丰富了具身体验的研究情境,并为沉浸式旅游演艺的品质升级和竞争力提升提出了建议。     

城市微旅行的文化表征与解说实践——以上海为例

伴随城市文化旅游市场的日趋繁荣和疫情期间本地旅游市场的快速发展,城市微旅行活动迅速崛起,成为本地居民和外地游客的旅游新选择。文章以上海城市微旅行为研究对象,通过网络文本收集、参与式观察和深度访谈的多元数据收集方法,围绕城市微旅行产品的生产与实践过程,从内容和形式两个维度探究了城市微旅行对所在城市的文化表征及解说员带领游客参与其中的具体实践。研究发现：城市微旅行通过对城市文化物质空间、精神文化和日常生活的多样性表征,超越了传统旅游形式对城市的文化建构;通过主题与小众的空间组织、真实与在场的文化展演、漫游与凝视的具身体验,带给游客深度且具有启发性的旅游体验。研究有助于深入理解城市微旅行这一新兴旅游活动,并为文旅融合和城市文化旅游的深度发展提供理论支持。     

基于大数据的南京青奥艺术灯会游客行为特征探究

节事旅游作为一种文化和旅游相结合的活动形式,具有经济、社会、文化等多重效益[1],在丰富人民群众文化生活、促进地方经济发展、树立城市形象等方面都发挥着重要的作用,有着广阔的发展前景。在此背景下,本文选取南京青奥艺术灯会为研究对象,利用游客大数据,对游客行为特征进行分析,在此基础上为南京青奥艺术灯会的开发策划、调节控制、管理服务、营销推广提供科学依据。     

基于心流理论的红色文化遗产沉浸式体验研究

<正>红色文化遗产是发展红色旅游的有效载体,是一种独特的综合性旅游资源。伴随数字赋能沉浸式红色文旅，沉浸式体验为红色文化遗产活化创新提供了更广阔的空间。文章为探究游客在沉浸式体验中对红色文化遗产的文化感知，基于心流理论及沉浸式体验应用现状，采用问卷调查法了解游客的体验目的、体验工具及体验任务，使用用户体验地图提炼游客触点，从感官体验、个体认知、交互参与及情感记忆层面提出红色文化遗产旅游的沉浸式体验设计策略，试图引导游客在红色文化遗产沉浸式体验中聚焦文化感知，进行文化符号解码和深度思考。     

游客间互动对再惠顾意愿的影响研究——基于游客体验的视角

同顾客与员工、顾客与服务环境之间的互动研究相比,服务接触中顾客间互动的研究明显匮乏,这也逐渐成为了服务接触理论进一步深化研究的关键领域。文章基于顾客体验的视角,构建并实证检验了游客间互动对游客再惠顾意愿影响的概念模型,发现了游客间互动的4个维度在影响游客体验价值各层面上存在的差异性以及体验价值的不同维度在游客间互动对再惠顾意愿影响中的不同中介作用：礼仪违背、友好交谈对情感性、认知性、社会性体验价值有显著影响,并间接影响游客的再惠顾意愿;一方面干扰和争执对功能性、情感性体验价值有显著的负向影响,建议与帮助对体验价值的4个维度有显著正向影响,进而间接影响游客的再惠顾意愿,另一方面干扰与争执对再惠顾意愿有直接的负向影响,建议与帮助对再惠顾意愿有直接正向影响作用。此外,有效辨识出各人口统计变量的不同水平对各研究变量影响的差异。这对于旅游企业开展良好的顾客关系管理具有重大的指导意义和价值。     

文化创意型旅游地游客满意度指数测评模型——以北京798艺术区为例

随着我国文化创意产业的快速发展,文化创意型旅游地成为我国一种新型的旅游目的地,测评其游客满意度指数有助于该类型旅游地的游客满意度提升和旅游业可持续发展。文章从游客期望、游客体验、游客评价、后旅游4个旅游活动阶段构建文化创意型旅游地游客满意度指数测评模型,并对典型文化创意型旅游地——北京798艺术区进行实证分析。研究结果表明：（1）798艺术区的游客总体满意度指数为3．6581,游客满意度指数最大的旅游活动阶段为体验阶段（1．7272）,而期望阶段和评价阶段的满意度较小,游客满意度指数最大的旅游因素和指标分别为旅游景观感知要素（0．9098）、文化创意景观（0．4448）;（2）基于测评模型和案例分析结果,分析文化创意型旅游地游客满意度的形成机理,并提出形成游客满意度主要因素为内部驱动因素（独特的文化创意景观、文化创意体验环境、科学有效的开发与管理等）和外部驱动因素（区域社会文化和经济发展水平、旅游地文化创意形象、创意旅游口碑、外部交通等）。     

生态住宿体验和个人涉入度对游客环保行为意向的影响研究

本文从游客对旅游住宿产品体验和感知的视角,研究生态住宿体验和个人涉入度对游客环保行为意向的影响。结果表明:(1)游客的生态住宿体验和个人涉入度对游客的环保行为意向具有显著的正向影响;(2)个人涉入度包括"感知重要性与娱乐价值"、"符号价值"、"风险可能性"和"风险重要性"4个维度;其中"感知重要性与娱乐价值"及"符号价值"对游客的环保行为意向表现出显著的正向影响,而"风险可能性"和"风险重要性"对环保行为意向的影响不显著;(3)生态意识的调节效应显著。该结论对于丰富国内外相关研究具有一定的理论价值,为旅游住宿企业开发产品的价值诉求提供决策参考。     

情感因素对游客体验与满意度的影响研究——以桂林山水实景演出“印象·刘三姐”为例

研究运用结构方程,从情感与认知两个视角构建游客满意度测评模型,并进行实证研究。运用LISREL及SPSS统计软件进行检验,研究表明,游客的＂满意＂是认知与情感两条路径综合影响的结果。消费前情感因素显著影响游客对旅游产品的体验评价与属性评价（γ11=0.23＊＊,γ21=0.24＊＊）,消费后情感因素显著影响游客对旅游产品的感知价值评价（β43=0.41＊＊＊）,感知价值进而显著影响满意度形成（β54=0.73＊＊＊）。游客对产品的体验评价较产品属性评价更显著地影响消费后情感、感知价值及游客满意度（β31=0.54＊＊＊〉β32=0.22＊＊;β41=0.46＊＊＊〉β42=0.22＊＊;β51=0.18＊〉β52=0.17＊）。而消费前期望与消费后情感及感知价值并无必然联系。同时发现,游客对审美体验与教育体验的感受更强烈地影响他们对产品的体验评价。研究将有助于更全面地认识顾客满意度及购后行为的形成过程。     

Effect of Health and Wellness Values on Festival Visit Motivation

Understanding the motivation to visit particular tourist destinations and festivals is important for building effective tourism marketing strategies. This paper explores the effect of existing health and wellness values on the motivation to visit a festival using a field survey at the Goomeri Pumpkin Festival, a typical Australian festival which uses the natural environment, traditions and local produce to provide 21 events during the festival. The study focused on establishing the relationship between health and wellness values and festival attendees' motivation. Qualitative research with random sampling was selected to collect the data. The results revealed high levels of health and wellness values among the participants as well as social interaction, family togetherness, cultural exploration, novelty, natural environment, relaxation, previous food festival experience and food as motivations. Findings of this paper can contribute to festival tourism marketing especially to demonstrate that health-related interests can be significant catalysts for attracting festival attendees.     

基于地方情感的旅游目的地选择模型建构研究

旅游目的地选择模型建构的研究多数以微观经济学、认知心理学与市场营销学等为基础理论,较少从个体与地方感情连结的视角探讨游客旅游目的地选择决策行为。文章以旅游目的地选择为研究主轴概念,结合地方情感概念中的旅游目的地意象和地方依恋,根据研究文献梳理结果、基础理论界定模型建构的路径变量与逻辑框架,进而提出基于地方情感的旅游目的地选择模型及模型过程步骤。文章建构模型表明,游客旅游目的地选择始于旅游目的地意象的形成,随着整体认知意象的深化,游客对旅游目的地将产生地方认同感,再通过选择决策行为选择意向的旅游目的地从事旅游活动,通过对旅游目的地旅游体验的功能满足产生依赖感,最终形成对旅游目的地的地方依恋感。研究成果对于旅游目的地选择具有交叉研究的创新价值,对于旅游目的地市场战略规划实践活动而言具有参照价值。     

Suitable Festival Activities for Taiwan's Tourism and Nation Branding with the Application of the PR AHP Program

Taiwan's tourism industry can be further developed to establish country branding from the perspective of tourism. Combining festival activities with tourism is a good approach. This study is aimed at identifying the festival activities that are suitable for Taiwan's tourism campaign. It has adopted the preference relation analytic hierarchy process (PR AHP) method which currently has no related program. This study has made two major contributions. It has determined suitable festival activities for Taiwan's tourism campaign and has constructed an easy-to-use PR AHP program for researchers.     

The Influence of Food Expenditure on Tourist Response to Festival Tourism: Expenditure Perspective

Festival tourism, which combines the theme of a festival with the local characteristics of an area, has become an extremely attractive marketing method in recent years. In addition, local food and beverages are items that many visitors enjoy consuming and that can become attractions in their own right. The aims of this study are: (a) based on expenditure theory, to explore how spending on food and beverages and other items such as accommodations and transportation influences intentions to revisit and make positive recommendation; and (b) to examine whether or not tourists with different lifestyles use or experience different sources of information, evaluation criteria and travel expenses. A questionnaire survey was conducted using visitors to the 2009 Penghu Sea fireworks festival, and 308 valid samples were collected. The results were as follows. First, food and beverages had a significant positive influence on revisit and recommendation intentions. Second, the total expenditure on a tourist visit had a significantly negative effect on revisit and recommendation intentions. Third, there were statistically significant differences with regard to information searching, evaluation criteria and tourism expenditure among tourists with different lifestyles. Based on these results, we can conclude that food and beverage expenditure during festival tourism is an important factor in whether or not tourists plan to revisit an area and recommend it to others. The findings also show that more tourists can be attracted if festivals are well suited to local conditions and characteristics (such as the availability of seafood in the example examined in this work).     

组织者视角下节庆旅游吸引物的符号化生产——以广府庙会为例

旅游吸引物兼具客观和符号的双重属性。节庆既是一种文化活动,又是重要的旅游吸引物。本文从符号学视角出发,采用扎根理论的质性研究方法,以广州广府庙会为研究对象,探讨组织者视角下的节庆旅游吸引物的符号化生产机制。研究发现,节庆吸引力、节庆的组织管理、节庆的策划理念和节庆场景构成节庆旅游吸引物符号化生产的基础、路径、思路和内容。具体而言,节庆组织者基于对节庆吸引力的理解,通过调动多部门的工作积极性,建立清晰的组织结构,组织和管理符号生产所需的各种资源,秉承弘扬传统文化、注重文化创新、紧跟国家战略、顺应时代潮流等多思路的策划理念,塑造了包含安全保障、节目表演、创意互动、美食小吃、商贸展销、人员服务、辅助设施和节庆氛围所构成的节庆场景,该场景浓缩了节庆文化内涵,其灵活多样、可塑性强,组织者可不断调整以形成节庆文化的独特性,从而增强游客的体验感。     

培育节庆活动 营销西部旅游目的地

随着旅游业的发展，旅游目的地竞争越来越激烈，目的地形象的塑和推广成为竞争的重要手段。节庆活动既是目的地形象的载体，又是形象传播最有效的方式之一，对西部旅游目的地营销有着特殊重要的意义。西部旅游目的地要从实际出发，培育有西部特色的节庆活动，同时要注意以下问题：节庆活动规模和参与度；节庆活动的形式和内容；国际体育旅游活动的开发；提高服务水平。     

Festival attributes and perceptions: A meta-analysis of relationships with satisfaction and loyalty

Festivals provide economic, social and cultural benefits to the communities in which they occur, and contribute to event tourism and destination marketing. This research reports a meta-analysis of the festival literature to evaluate the factors that contribute to festival satisfaction and loyalty. Attributes were classified into six categories: activities, authenticity/uniqueness, concessions, environment, escape and socialization. The analysis revealed that festival activities (program, entertainment, thematic activities) and environment (atmosphere, convenience, facilities) are the most important determinants of satisfaction and loyalty. Two perceptions were evaluated: cost/value and service quality. The analysis revealed that cost/value is important for both satisfaction and loyalty, whereas service quality is relatively unimportant. Satisfaction with the festival is strongly related to loyalty. The findings suggest that festival planners should focus on providing an enjoyable program in a comfortable environment at a reasonable price. This strategy will cultivate repeat attendance and stimulate future visits to the festival destination.     

Constructionism and culture in research: Understandings of the fourth Buddhist Festival,Wutaishan, China

This paper offers an interpretation of competing legitimacies at the 2007 4th Annual Wutaishan Buddhist Festival in Taihua, Shanxi Province. It suggests how spectacle, entertainment and performance spaces are condoned arenas of challenge and usage by mainstream and peripheral groups. The paper also discusses the methods employed in the framing and nature of interpretation, and possesses its own tension as the different cultural perspectives and voices are heeded. It concludes that the festival exists as a multi-layered event involving economics, politics, faith, entertainment and prestige – each of which creates its own set of interpretations contextualised in the evolving state of Chinese tourism. The paper is partially a response to the work of Hollinshead, Phillimore & Goodson and O'Dell that claim a need for a more reflexive voice in the tourism literature as a means of understanding the tourist experience. Its premises are based on thinking derived from multiple sources including symbolic interaction and Buddhist thought.     

旅游社会学研究初探

由于理论体系和方法论尚未成熟,旅游社会学仍处于初期发展阶段。本文在前人研究基础上,对旅游社会学的研究对象、研究方法进行了尝试性探讨,认为旅游社会学的研究对象范围应是旅游者的社会行为和社会关系以及由此引起的相关问题的集合,包括旅游者个体和群体两方面。旅游者个体研究包括旅游者行为及引起该行为的动机、心理、价值取向、审美观念等深层因素,属微观旅游社会学范畴;旅游者群体研究包括社会关系、跨文化交际、社会影响、旅游人流等宏观旅游社会学的层面。此外,本文还对旅游社会学的研究方法进行了初步探讨。