Capability hierarchy in electronic procurement and procurement process performance: An empirical analysis

This paper examines the interrelationship between two hierarchically structured functional capabilities pertinent in the organizational procurement process, and the impact of these capabilities on procurement process performance. These functional capabilities operate at different levels in an organization's procurement process. We draw upon resource- and knowledge-based views of the firm to theorize that in this hierarchy of information technology-enabled procurement capabilities, the higher-level capability – procurement integration competence – enables firms to develop and deploy a lower-level capability – digital procurement competence. Further, we theorize that the lower-level capability impacts procurement process performance directly and completely mediates the relationship between higher-level capability and performance. Thus, although performance is impacted directly only by the lower-level capability, the higher-level capability facilitates the development and use of the lower-level capability. Our research model is tested using survey data from a large sample of 412 manufacturing firms. The results provide strong support for the proposed research model. In particular, we find that as hypothesized, the impact of procurement integration competence on performance is completely mediated by digital procurement competence. Our results suggest that when examined at the procurement process level, the impact of higher-level capabilities may be manifested completely through the lower-level capabilities. Theoretical and practical implications of the research are discussed.     

Public–private partnership—Development of long-term relationships in public procurement in Germany

Hybrid partnerships are well established in the private sector combining market efficiency with the possibility of hierarchical steering mechanisms. By implementing Public–Private Partnerships (PPPs), public authorities seek to benefit from cooperation with specialised suppliers. However, many complex factors, including legal regulations, have to be considered in relation to outsourcing activities in the public sector. The decision on public–private cooperation is not driven only by economic principles. This paper deals with the economic and legal decision process of PPPs. The theoretical and legal framework is then applied and illustrated through a case study of the German Aerospace Center (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V./DLR).     

国际间政府采购技术规范体系框架的构建

《政府采购协议》（Government ProcurementAgreement,GPA）是WTO管辖的单项贸易协议,是各缔约方对外开放政府采购市场,以实现政府采购国际化和自由化的法律文件。我国于2007年12月正式启动了加入GPA谈判。文章深入分析了WTO《政府采购协议》（GPA）有关技术规格的规定及GPA成员国技术规范体系,通过剖析国际间政府采购关键技术节点,以功能和性质为依据构建了我国国际间政府采购技术规范体系框架。     

石油物资集中采购模式的分析

实行石油物资的集中采购,能有效降低采购成本,提高油田经济效益,对油田企业至关重要。近年来,我国三大石油公司大力推行集中采购,取得十分明显的经济效果。由于物资种类多,采购规模大,因而相应的供应商数量也非常多。而油田多以传统采购模式为主,采购部门重复,采购效率低下。采购成本增加。在此分析集中采购在石油物资采购中的优势,以期达到降低采购成本,增加油田效率的目的。     

基于供应链的准时化采购方式在制造企业中的应用研究

文中针对我国制造型企业采购管理现状,对传统采购模式进行分析,发现其中的问题所在,并基于供应链管理环境,将流行的准时化采购模式引入企业物流系统中,分析其优点及与传统采购模式的区别。通过上海通用汽车有限公司的案例说明着重探讨制造企业如何采用准时化采购方式,以解决现存问题,达到降低成本、提高效率的目的。     

浅谈加强军工科研单位采购物流管理的对策

物资采购管理是企业管理的一个重要组成部分,也是供应链管理中的一个重要环节。企业为了提高管理水平,实现企业价值的重要作用,就需要加强对采购的管理。而军工科研事业单位物资采购管理同样具有必要性和重要性,同时由于单位性质、所承担的任务的特殊性也决定了其物资采购管理的特殊性。文章对军工科研单位采购物流管理中存在的局限性进行了分析,从制度建设、采购绩效评价、构建信息资源管理平台三个方面,探讨了加强采购物流管理的对策。     

Supporting decision-making process in facilities management services procurement: A methodological approach

The aim of this paper is to make a contribution to the decision-making process related to procurement of facilities management services in the public sector, particularly with reference to local authorities. Adopting a contingency approach, a model for selecting sourcing strategies is presented. Some empirical evidence resulting from the analysis of various managers’ experiences is reported and, based on the results of the testing of the model, theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.     

‘Sweet deals’: State-owned enterprises,corruption and repeated contracts in public procurement

We show how a price analysis of stable relations between customer and supplier in the public procurement of homogeneous goods can help differentiate opportunistic from honest behaviour among economic agents. We consider two types of stable relations: repeated procurements and connections based on the state ownership of suppliers. On the basis of a large dataset on the procurement of granulated sugar in Russia from 2011 to 2013, we find that for private suppliers, prices of repeated contracts were lower compared to one-time deals when procured through more transparent procedures and higher when procured through non-transparent procedures. For non-transparent procedures, we observe significant overpricing of contracts with state-owned suppliers compared to private suppliers, especially in the case of repeated contracts, whereas for competitive e-auctions, there is only a small difference between the contract prices of state-owned suppliers and private suppliers.     

U.S. chief procurement officers’ perspectives on public procurement

Each year public procurement officials in the United States spend trillions of dollars to purchase goods and services for public use. The volume of public procurement spending compels public administration and supply chain management scholars to examine these procurement practices. Based on a unique dataset composed of a series of qualitative and quantitative interviews with chief procurement officers (CPOs) and their team members from 45 states and 2 territories in the United States, this paper explores the key institutional factors affecting state-level public procurement in the U.S., explores variation in the definition of contract performance, and assess the importance of multiple factors in creating procurement contracts. We present an agenda for future research on state-level public procurement in the U.S that has important implications for the theory and practice of public procurement.     

Promoting competitive markets: The role of public procurement

The study presented here examines how public procurement agencies address establishing and maintaining competitive markets; a topic still in its academic infancy. Cases are used to address impediments and improve understanding of strategic priorities in managing for competitive markets. Public policy academics have observed many competing policies in the wider public sector. Specifically, this paper identifies a need for research on supplier incentives at a market level, on the post contract management of suppliers and as an important sub-set, key supplier relationship management, along with professional development.     

浅谈降低铁路物资采购成本的措施和方法

从物资的采购原则、强化内部管理、强化供应商管理、强化计划管理、强化储存管理等方面提出了降低铁路物资采购成本的措施和方法。     

Which shape fits best? Designing the organizational form of local government procurement

The way that public procurement activities are organized has an impact on the performance of public institutions. By reviewing the literature on public procurement organization dimensions this study offers a conceptual framework for public procurement organizational design, distinguishing between the macro, micro and process level dimensions. The framework is tested across the procurement departments of 15 local governments in Wales and Italy. We identify six alternative organizational configurations, differing in their level of centralization and their procurement status within the institution. Their suitability and potential for redesign depend on several internal and external contextual factors (goals, government decision, regulation, geographical environment) in line with the contingency view of organizational design.